Deck 21: Review of the Central Nervous System

Question 1

The nurse is taking care of a client who is 18 weeks pregnant.It is most important for the nurse to acknowledge which of the following, in regards to the client's medications?
1)Time that the client last ate food
2)Ability of the medications to cross the placenta
3)Half-life of the medications
4)Level of hydration

Answer 1

2

Question 2

The client admitted to the hospital with a possible brain tumor has symptoms of increased thirst and hunger, despite an increase in weight, and complains of feeling cold all of the time.Which region of the CNS system most likely has been affected?
1)Hypothalamus
2)Cerebellum
3)Limbic system
4)Thalamus

Answer 2

1

Question 3

The nurse is admitting a client to the hospital.This client reports being treated with a CNS drug.The client could not tell the assessing nurse why the drug was prescribed.The nurse asks the client if there has been a history of any of several conditions.Which would be appropriate for the nurse to ask? Select all that apply.
1)Periods characterized by a choking sensation, shortness of breath, pounding heart, chest pain, dizziness, nausea, tingling of extremities, and/or a fear of dying
2)More than usual shortness of breath, or tightness in the chest with physical activity, and sweating
3)Weight loss despite an increase in appetite and food consumption, extreme thirst, drinking more fluids, and increase in urination
4)Weight loss despite an increase in appetite, inability to sleep, feeling fidgety, palpitations, intolerance to heat, and an enlarged thyroid gland

Answer 3

1

Question 4

A client is newly diagnosed with depression.A prescription is given for an antidepressant.The nurse understands that the medication prescribed affects what neurotransmitter that is associated with anxiety, impulsive behavior, and suicidal ideation?
1)Dopamine
2)Acetylcholine
3)Glutamate
4)Serotonin

Question 5

The nurse is taking care of a client who has been in ICU for 10 days.Which of the following nursing functions demonstrates a decrease in stimulation of the reticular activating system?
1)Turn on the television to help the client remain orientated to time and day.
2)Allow family members, including children, to visit the client.
3)Keep the door closed, the lights dim, and the sound of alarms turned down low.
4)Assist the client with bathing and activities for elimination.

Question 6

Which of the following is characteristic of the function of the central nervous system synapse? Select all that apply.
1)Simulation, or activation, of the firing of neurons
2)Suppression, or inhibition, of the firing of neurons
3)Inhibition of the release of a neurotransmitter
4)Release of an inhibitory neurotransmitter that suppresses conduction

Question 7

The nurse recognizes the action of psychotherapeutic medications to be mediated by which of the following? Select all that apply.
1)The electrical impulse at the synapse releases a neurotransmitter that activates a receptor.
2)The electrical impulse inhibits the neurotransmitter from being released.
3)The electrical impulse causes the release of an inhibitory neurotransmitter.
4)Some neurotransmitters are inhibitory.
5)Some neurotransmitters are stimulatory.

Question 8

The client is receiving a medication that alters the utilization of glutamate, therefore risking an increase in glutamate levels in the CNS.The nurse should evaluate for which of the following signs and symptoms of high levels of glutamate?
1)Blurred vision and dry mouth
2)Tremors
3)Signs of neurotoxicity
4)Ataxia

Question 9

When administering certain antipsychotic agents, the nurse needs to be aware of possible extrapyramidal adverse affects.The nurse identifies that the physician should be notified of which of the following adverse affects?
1)Dry mouth
2)Urinary hesitancy
3)Complaints of slight drowsiness
4)Muscular spasms of the head and neck

Question 10

The nurse is taking care of a client who has been newly diagnosed with a cerebral vascular accident (CVA).The client is having difficulty with speech, memory, and movement of the extremities on the left side of the body.The nurse explains to the family that which area of the CNS has most likely been affected by the CVA?
1)Thalamus
2)Cerebellum
3)Cerebrum
4)Limbic system

Question 11

A client has been placed on Depakote for treatment of a bipolar disorder.Which of the following statements indicates that the client might need more teaching about the medication?
1)"I understand that I am not to drive until I know whether this medicine will make me sleepy."
2)"I need to tell my physician if I begin to have abnormal bruising of my skin, bleeding from my gums, or bloody stools."
3)"I need to tell my physician if I decide I want to become pregnant."
4)"This medication will make my manic episodes go away within 24 hours."

Question 12

Clients with Parkinson's disease are commonly treated with medications that affect a particular CNS neurotransmitter.The nurse relates that this transmitter is:
1)An endorphin.
2)Norepinephrine.
3)Acetylcholine.
4)Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA).