Deck 8: How Cells Reproduce

Question 1

Thcell linHeLa was isolatefroa

A)sheep.
B)mouse.
C)human.
D)rabbit.
E)monkey.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Meiosis is thbasis for

A)cellular division.
B)sexual reproduction.
C)asexual reproduction.
D)sexual and asexual reproduction.
E)distribution of cytoplasm.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

HeLa cells can survivin a laboratory

A)for a few days.
B)for a few weeks.
C)for a month.
D)for a year.
E)indefinitely.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Mitosis ancytoplasmic division arresponsiblfor

A)the replacement of damaged cells.
B)increase in body size during development.
C)the replacement of dead cells.
D)the replacement of damaged and dead cells.
E)all of these.

Question 5

About how many cells per day dividin a healthy adult human?

A)thousands of cells
B)millions of cells
C)10 million cells
D)billions of cells
E)trillions of cells

Question 6

Animal cell usin research laboratories is called

A)cell lines.
B)cell strains.
C)guinea pig cells.
D)experimental cells.
E)any of these.

Question 7

By thtimof birth, thhuman body contains approximately

A)thousands of cells.
B)a million cells.
C)10 million cells.
D)a billion cells.
E)a trillion cells.

Question 8

HeLa cells allowea formal identification of thcausativagent of

A)cholera.
B)polio.
C)chickenpox.
D)Lassa fever.
E)smallpox

Question 9

When grown in a laboratory, human cells

A)tend to divide less.
B)tend to die quickly.
C)tend to divide more.
D)tend to divide less and to die quickly.
E)tend to divide more and to die quickly.

Question 10

DNA is replicateduring

A)the G1 stage.
B)the S stage.
C)the G2 stage.
D)the M phase.
E)cytokinesis.

Question 11

Researchers usHeLa cells to

A)study cancer.
B)study viral growth.
C)perform protein synthesis.
D)study the effects of radiation.
E)do all of these.

Question 12

Meiosis produces

A)sperm cells.
B)egg cells.
C)body cells.
D)sperm and egg cells.
E)sperm, egg, and body cells.

Question 13

HeLa cells are

A)normal cells.
B)infected cells.
C)cancer cells.
D)infested cells.
E)any of these.

Question 14

Which of thfollowing organisms may reproducby mitosis?

A)plants
B)fungi
C)animals
D)plants and fungi
E)plants, fungi, and animals

Question 15

Cell lines allow researchers

A)to produce and purify useful proteins.
B)to study cellular mechanisms.
C)to study human diseases.
D)to avoid experimentation on people.
E)to do all of these.

Question 16

After meiosis, resulting daughter cells arlikely to contain

A)the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
B)half the number of chromosomes than the parent cell carries.
C)twice the number of chromosomes than the parent cell carries.
D)three times the number of chromosomes than the parent cell carries.
E)four times the number of chromosomes than the parent cell carries.

Question 17

Which of thfollowing statements is CORRECT about mitosis?

A)Mitosis maintains the chromosome number.
B)Mitosis is responsible for accumulation of fat molecules.
C)Mitosis is responsible for accumulation of carbohydrate molecules.
D)Mitosis is central in the production of reproductive cells.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 18

Which of thfollowing events is (are) characteristic of thinterphase?

A)The cytoplasm divides.
B)The cell doubles its content.
C)The cell doubles its content, and the cytoplasm divides.
D)DNA is synthesized.
E)The cell doubles its content, and DNA is synthesized.

Question 19

Eukaryotic cells cannot simply dividin two because

A)only one of the offspring cells would inherit the genetic information.
B)only one of the offspring cells would inherit the membrane proteins.
C)only one of the offspring cells would inherit the extracellular matrix.
D)only one of the offspring cells would inherit the membrane lipids.
E)only one of the offspring cells would inherit the cytosol.

Question 20

Which of thfollowing is NOT correct about thcell cycle?

A)The cell cycle could be described as the events that occur from the time that a cell forms until the time it divides.
B)During the cell cycle, DNA is replicated.
C)The cell cycle consists of four phases.
D)Cytoplasmic division is part of the cell cycle.
E)All of these are NOT correct.

Question 21

In G2, thcell

A)prepares to copy its genetic information.
B)performs DNA synthesis.
C)synthesizes essential proteins for cell division.
D)is hyperactive.
E)produces a new nucleus.

Question 22

During thS stage,

A)chromosomes become thick and compact.
B)the cell is at rest.
C)the cytoplasm starts separating its organelles.
D)DNA is replicated.
E)the cell prepares to divide.

Question 23

In eukaryotic cells, which of thfollowing may occur during prophase?

A)the duplication of chromatids
B)the replication of DNA
C)synapsis and crossing over
D)fragmentation and disappearance of the nuclear envelope
E)all of these

Question 24

Which of thfollowing most accurately describes mitosis?

A)doubling of cellular material
B)DNA replication
C)separation of membrane-bound organelles during cell division
D)separation of chromosomes during nuclear division
E)cell division

Question 25

Which of thfollowing stages of thcell cyclincludanaphase?

A)cytoplasmic division
B)mitosis
C)interphase
D)G1 stage
E)G2 stage

Question 26

DNA replication occurs

A)between the gap phases of interphase.
B)immediately before cytoplasmic division.
C)immediately before mitosis.
D)toward the end of mitosis.
E)at any time during cell division.

Question 27

Chromosomes araligneat thspindlequator during

A)anaphase.
B)metaphase.
C)interphase.
D)prophase.
E)telophase.

Question 28

Thinterval beforthonset of DNA replication is

A)the S phase.
B)the M phase.
C)the G1 stage.
D)the G2 stage.
E)during all of the stages.

Question 29

Which of thfollowing is a phasof mitosis?

A)anaphase
B)telophase
C)prophase
D)metaphase
E)all of these

Question 30

During th"gap" phases of thcell cycle, most of thactivity is directetoward

A)DNA replication.
B)nuclear membrane synthesis.
C)resting for the next step.
D)sorting the chromosomes.
E)growth and making the proteins that drive mitosis.

Question 31

In which of thfollowing stages does each chromosomconsist of two DNA molecules?
I)metaphase
II)telophase
III)prophase
IV)anaphase

A)III and IV
B)I, III, and IV
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
E)I, II, III, and IV

Question 32

Thspindlapparatus is madof

A)intermediate filaments.
B)microfilaments.
C)microtubules.
D)chromatids.
E)nucleoproteins.

Question 33

Cells with two of each kinof chromosomardescribeby thterm

A)polyploid.
B)diploid.
C)triploid.
D)haploid.
E)tetraploid.

Question 34

Chromosomes arduplicateduring what portion of thcell cycle?

A)D
B)S
C)M
D)G1
E)G2

Question 35

During thcell cycle, thcell goes through a stagcalle"G." In this case, "G" stands for

A)gap.
B)goal.
C)gad.
D)glad.
E)game.

Question 36

Thspindlapparatus begin to becomvisiblduring

A)anaphase.
B)metaphase.
C)interphase.
D)prophase.
E)telophase.

Question 37

In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will havhow many chromosomes?

A)64
B)32
C)16
D)8
E)4

Question 38

Which of thfollowing stages is (are) part of thinterphase?

A)G1 and G2
B)S and G2
C)G1and S
D)G1, S, and G2
E)none of these

Question 39

Which of thfollowing woulaffect thratof cell division?

A)gene expression controls
B)excess of glucose
C)excess of cholesterol
D)absence of insulin receptors in the plasma membrane
E)all of these

Question 40

If a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, how many sister chromatids will bpresent after duplication of thchromosomes?

A)64
B)32
C)16
D)8
E)4

Question 41

Which of thfollowing is (are) essential for cleavagduring cell division in animal cells?

A)a contractile ring
B)a flagellum
C)ATP molecules
D)a contractile ring and a flagellum
E)a contractile ring and ATP molecules

Question 42

Animal cells dividby

A)budding.
B)fusion.
C)pinching.
D)snapping.
E)any of these.

Question 43

Which of thfollowing statements is CORRECT?

A)After separation, the chromatids are called chromosomes.
B)Old patches of the old nuclear envelope are used to build the two daughter nuclei.
C)During anaphase, microtubules shorten.
D)Telophase is essentially a reversal of the events of prophase.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 44

Which of thfollowing statements is INCORRECT?

A)One diploid parent cell produces two diploid daughter cells.
B)Genes and chromosomes are duplicated during prophase.
C)There are a specific number of chromosomes for each species.
D)New nuclei are formed during telophase.
E)Cytoplasmic division is the final act in cell division.

Question 45

Thnuclear membranre-forms during

A)prophase.
B)telophase.
C)interphase.
D)anaphase.
E)metaphase.

Question 46

Thchromosomes armoving to oppositpoles during

A)anaphase.
B)metaphase.
C)interphase.
D)prophase.
E)telophase.

Question 47

Which phasis markeby tharrival of chromosomes at thpoles?

A)anaphase
B)prophase
C)metaphase
D)telophase
E)interphase

Question 48

Which of thfollowing energy sourcfuels cell division in animal cells?

A)glucose
B)ATP
C)glycogen
D)glycerol
E)proteins

Question 49

Thcell in micrograph "I" is at which stagof thcell cycle?

A)prophase
B)telophase
C)interphase
D)anaphase
E)metaphase

Question 50

Thcell in micrograph "III" is at which stagof thcell cycle?

A)prophase
B)telophase
C)interphase
D)anaphase
E)metaphase

Question 51

Thcell platis composeof

A)the nuclear membrane.
B)the cytoplasmic membrane.
C)vesicles of wall-building materials.
D)cellular organelles.
E)chitin and centrioles.

Question 52

Asexual reproduction

A)produces the events of meiosis.
B)produces clones.
C)is more like meiosis than mitosis.
D)leads to increased variation in offspring.
E)involves episodes of crossing over.

Question 53

Which of thfollowing is thproper sequencfor mitosis?
I)metaphase
II)telophase
III)prophase
IV)anaphase

A)II, I, IV, III
B)I, II, III, IV
C)III, I, IV, II
D)IV, III, II, I
E)I, IV, II, III

Question 54

Thchromatids detach froonanother anbecomvisibly separatchromosomes during

A)anaphase.
B)metaphase.
C)interphase.
D)prophase.
E)telophase.

Question 55

Thcell in micrograph "IV" is at which stagof thcell cycle?

A)prophase
B)telophase
C)interphase
D)anaphase
E)metaphase

Question 56

If meiosis diNOT occur in sexual reproducing organisms,

A)growth of the zygote would be halted.
B)mitosis would be sufficient.
C)gametes would be haploids.
D)the chromosome number would double each generation.
E)eggs would be haploid, but sperm would be diploid.

Question 57

Thdistribution of cytoplasto daughter cells is accomplisheduring

A)prokaryotic fission.
B)mitosis.
C)meiosis.
D)cytoplasmic division.
E)karyokinesis.

Question 58

Division of thcytoplasm

A)in animal cells begins with various deposits of material associated with groups of microtubules at each pole of the nucleus.
B)in animal cells occurs when the plasma membrane is pulled inward by a ring of microtubules that has become attached to the cell plate.
C)usually precedes nuclear division.
D)in plant cells begins with the deposition of a very rigid lipid bilayer, which is the major constituent of the cell wall.
E)is visible as a cleavage furrow caused by actin filaments in the cell's midsection.

Question 59

Thentirprocess of producing two cells frooncell

A)starts with prophase.
B)ends with cytoplasmic division.
C)results in the equal distribution of organelles between cells.
D)occurs only in multicellular organisms.
E)starts with prophase and ends with cytoplasmic division.

Question 60

Thcell in micrograph "II" is at which stagof thcell cycle?

A)prophase
B)telophase
C)interphase
D)anaphase
E)metaphase

Question 61

Crossing over is onof thmost important events in meiosis because

A)it produces new arrays of alleles on chromosomes.
B)homologous chromosomes must be separated into different daughter cells.
C)the number of chromosomes allotted to each daughter cell must be halved.
D)homologous chromatids must be separated into different daughter cells.
E)all of these are true.

Question 62

Thpairing of chromosomes ancrossing over occur during

A)anaphase I.
B)metaphase II.
C)prophase I.
D)prophase II.
E)telophase II.

Question 63

Asexually reproducedaughter cells are

A)identical to each other.
B)identical to the parent cell.
C)different from the parent cell.
D)different from each other.
E)identical to each other and to the parent cell.

Question 64

Thessencof meiosis is that

A)gametes receive two copies of each member of each pair of homologous chromosomes.
B)gametes are formed that are diploids.
C)each gamete receives one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes.
D)gametes are formed that are haploids.
E)each gamete receives one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes, and gametes are formed that are haploids.

Question 65

Sexual reproduction

A)leads to uniform characteristics in a population.
B)results in new combinations of genetic traits.
C)requires less tissue differentiation than asexual reproduction.
D)produces genetic clones.
E)produces genetic clones and requires less tissue differentiation than asexual reproduction.

Question 66

Which of thfollowing is NOT truof human chromosomes?

A)The haploid number is 23.
B)The diploid number is 46.
C)There are 23 pairs of chromosomes.
D)Human gametes end up with two of each type of 23 chromosomes.
E)Human gametes end up with one of each type of 23 chromosomes.

Question 67

Through meiosis,

A)alternate forms of genes are shuffled.
B)parental DNA is divided and distributed to forming gametes.
C)the diploid chromosome number is reduced to haploid.
D)offspring are provided with new gene combinations.
E)all of these occur.

Question 68

Chromosomes of a pair of homologous chromosomes may differ froother pairs of chromosomes in terms of

A)size.
B)shape.
C)alleles they carry.
D)position of the centromere.
E)all of these.

Question 69

Pairehomologous chromosomes arfounat thspindlequator during

A)metaphase I.
B)telophase I.
C)prophase II.
D)metaphase II.
E)anaphase II.

Question 70

Sister chromatids arseparatefroeach other during __________ of meiosis.

A)metaphase I
B)anaphase I
C)telophase II
D)anaphase II
E)metaphase II

Question 71

Alternativor different forms of thsamgenarcalled

A)chromosomes.
B)chromatids.
C)alleles.
D)homologous.
E)genetomorphs.

Question 72

Under favorablconditions, during which phasof meiosis will thchromosomes appear as a packet of four chromatids?

A)anaphase I
B)telophase II
C)anaphase II
D)prophase I
E)metaphase II

Question 73

Homologous chromosomes

A)may exchange parts during meiosis.
B)have alleles for the same characteristics even though the gene expression may not be the same.
C)are in pairs, one chromosome of each pair from the father and one from the mother.
D)pair up during meiosis.
E)fit all of these descriptions.

Question 74

Which of thfollowing statements is NOT true?

A)In asexual reproduction, the parent passes a complete set of genes to its offspring.
B)In sexual reproduction, both meiosis and fertilization are usual events in the life cycle.
C)In sexual reproduction, a human offspring receives two genes for every trait.
D)Sexual reproduction puts together new combinations of genes.
E)Sexual reproduction produces clones.

Question 75

At thbeginning of prophasI therar__________ molecules of DNA in a developing human spercell.

A)23
B)92
C)46
D)half as many (as compared to somatic cell)
E)twice as many (as compared to mature sperm)

Question 76

Crossing over

A)generally results in pairing up and binary fission.
B)involves nuclei.
C)involves breakages and exchanges between sister chromatids.
D)alters the composition of chromosomes and results in new combinations of alleles being channeled into the daughter cells.
E)is true of all of these.

Question 77

Meiosis typically results in thproduction of

A)two diploid cells.
B)four diploid cells.
C)four haploid cells.
D)two haploid cells.
E)one triploid cell.

Question 78

Which of thfollowing does NOT occur in prophasI of meiosis?

A)cytoplasmic division
B)tetrad formation (four chromatids)
C)pairing of homologous chromosomes
D)crossing over
E)condensation of chromatin

Question 79

A dog body cell carries 78 chromosomes.A dog spercell is likely to contain how many chromosomes?

A)19
B)39
C)78
D)156
E)312

Question 80

Which of thfollowing occurs in prophasI, but does NOT occur in prophasII?

A)crossing over
B)pairing of homologous chromosomes
C)disappearance of the nuclear envelope
D)crossing over and pairing of homologous chromosomes
E)crossing over, pairing of homologous chromosomes, and disappearance of the nuclear envelope