Deck 16: Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Question 1

Sidearms are attached to .

A)interdoublet nexin
B)central pairs
C)B tubules
D)radial spokes
E)A tubules

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The calcium pump or calcium ATPase

A)is responsible for removing calcium from the T tubule.
B)increases bone density.
C)increases the level of calcium in the axon terminal.
D)removes calcium from the sarcoplasm.
E)is a passive process.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The neuromuscular junction is incorrectly described in which of the following statements?

A)Neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles in the axon terminal.
B)Acetylcholine binding allows sodium ions to enter the muscle cell.
C)Acetylcholine binds receptors in the synaptic cleft.
D)The sarcolemma is the plasma membrane of a muscle cell.
E)T tubules carry action potentials into the muscle cell.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A calcium- binding protein that aids in the activation of many enzymes, including myosin light- chain kinase, is

A)junctional complex.
B)calcium phosphorylase.
C)myosin light- chain phosphatase.
D)activase.
E)calmodulin.

Question 5

Striated muscle has light and dark bands. The light bands are called , whereas the dark bands are called .

A)M lines; A bands
B)A bands; I bands
C)Z lines; M lines
D)H zones; M zones
E)I bands; A bands

Question 6

Kinesin is a motor molecule that is characterized by

A)motion along actin filaments.
B)sliding along actin in sarcomere.
C)motion toward the "plus" end of the microtubule.
D)motion toward the "minus" end of the microtubule.
E)activation of sliding in flagellar microtubules.

Question 7

During cell crawling, the cell must attach to the substrate upon which it is crawling. One group of attachment proteins is the .

A)actins
B)integrins
C)actomyosins
D)titins
E)creatines

Question 8

Which of the following changes take place as the muscle contracts?

A)H zones get smaller.
B)Z lines get closer together.
C)I band gets smaller.
D)A band gets smaller.
E)choices A, B, and C

Question 9

Which of the following major protein components of skeletal muscle is incorrectly matched with its function?

A)myomesin- myosin binding protein present at M line
B)actin- major component of thin filaments
C)troponin- binds along the length of the thin filaments and covers myosin binding sites
D)titin- links thick filaments at Z line
E)nebulin- links thin filaments at Z line

Question 10

In the sliding filament model of muscle contraction, I bands contain

A)myosin.
B)sacrcomeres.
C)both thick and thin filaments.
D)thin filaments.
E)thick filaments.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is correct with respect to flagella and cilia?

A)Cilia generate a force parallel to the cell surface.
B)There are usually fewer cilia than flagella.
C)Cilia often have a helical pattern of movement.
D)Cilia are generally longer than flagella.
E)Flagella display an oarlike pattern of beating.

Question 12

Axonemal dynesin is characterized by

A)motion toward the "minus" end of the microtubule.
B)motion toward the "plus" end of the microtubule.
C)sliding in flagellar microtubules.
D)activation of sliding along actin in sarcomere.
E)motion along actin filaments.

Question 13

In the axoneme, sidearms

A)link adjacent doublets.
B)are incomplete microtubules.
C)are complete microtubules.
D)slide microtubules past one another.
E)project inward at each doublet.

Question 14

In relaxed muscle, calcium is found in high concentration in the

A)myofibril.
B)T tubules.
C)neuromuscular junction.
D)sarcolemma.
E)sacroplasmic reticulum.

Question 15

During the sliding process in microtubules, the stalks of the dynein attach to and detach from the in a cyclic manner.

A)central pair
B)A tubule
C)interdoublet nexin connections
D)B tubule
E)radial spoke

Question 16

The crawling displayed by many embryonic cells in animals involves distinct events. Which of the following sequences places these events in correct order?

A)release and retraction of protrusion, protrusion at the cell's leading edge, attachment of trailing edge, pulling the cell forward
B)pulling the cell forward, release and retraction of protrusion, protrusion at the cell's leading edge, attachment of trailing edge
C)attachment of protrusion, protrusion at the cell's leading edge, pulling the cell forward, release and retraction of trailing edge
D)attachment of protrusion, pulling the cell forward, protrusion at the cell's leading edge, release and retraction of trailing edge
E)protrusion at the cell's leading edge, attachment of protrusion, pulling the cell forward, release and retraction of trailing edge

Question 17

Which of the following terms is incorrectly matched with the word from which it was derived?

A)A band- anisotropic
B)I band- irregular
C)Z line- zwischen
D)H zone- hell
E)M line- myomesin

Question 18

Which of the following sequences of skeletal muscle proteins is correctly listed from smallest to largest?

A)myomesin, myosin, titin, nebulin
B)actin, myosin, nebulin, titin
C)actin, myosin, titin, troponin
D)titin, nebulin, actin, myosin
E)actin, titin, nebulin, myosin

Question 19

All of the following are examples of nonmuscle motility and contractility EXCEPT

A)phagocytosis.
B)actin polymerization of Listeria.
C)pseudopodia formation.
D)cytoplasmic streaming.
E)microsome formation.

Question 20

To carry out their function, kinesin family proteins must attach to their respective

A)dynein.
B)cargo.
C)adaptor proteins.
D)only B and C
E)A, B, and C

Question 21

The microtubule- associated protein provides motion toward the minus end of the microtubule.

Question 22

is a directional movement in response to a graded chemical stimulus.

Question 23

links the thick filaments to the Z line.

A)Tropomyosin
B)Titin
C)Nebulin
D)Troponin
E)Myosin

Question 24

In the axoneme, nexin

A)slides microtubules past one another.
B)links adjacent doublets.
C)projects inward at each doublet.
D)is a complete microtubule.
E)is an incomplete microtubule.

Question 25

Which of the following lists of structures is in the correct order from inside to outside of the cell?

A)axoneme, basal body, transition zone
B)basal body, transition zone, axoneme
C)transition zone, basal body, axoneme
D)axoneme, transition zone, basal body
E)basal body, axoneme, transition zone

Question 26

Dyneins are

A)monomeric myosin- like proteins.
B)associated with organelle movement.
C)responsible for anterograde transport.
D)associated with cilia and flagella.
E)all of the above

Question 27

Primary cilia have a structure and are observed in structures.

A)9 + 2; neural
B)9 + 2; sensory
C)9 + 0; neural
D)9 + 4; developmental
E)9 + 0; sensory

Question 28

Cells that undergo amoeboid movement have an outer layer of thick, gelatinous cytoplasm called the , and an inner layer of more- fluid cytoplasm called the .

A)ectoplasm; endoplasm
B)lamellipodium; pseudopodium
C)outer jelly; inner soup
D)protoplasm; proplasm
E)gelation layer; solation zone

Question 29

The 9 + 2 pattern of the axoneme is nine _ of microtubules and two additional microtubules in the center called the .

A)basal bodies; inner two
B)triplet groups; basal bodies
C)central tubules; double pair
D)circular structure; middle two
E)outer doublets; central pair

Question 30

Cytological examination of resting and contracted muscle provides important support for our current model for how skeletal muscle contracts. This evidence includes the observation that during contraction the

A)muscle fibers change color.
B)Z lines move farther apart.
C)microtubules disassemble.
D)length of the thick and thin filaments change significantly.
E)H zone becomes smaller.

Question 31

In addition to microtubule motor proteins, are also involved in vesicular transport.

A)actin
B)leptin
C)non- muscle myosins
D)dyesins
E)tubulin

Question 32

The protein complex facilitates the interaction between cytoplasmic dynein and the target.

Question 33

Cilia and flagella are comprised of a _ connected to a _.

Question 34

You wish to inhibit the contraction of muscle in vitro as a control for an experiment you are conducting. To do this, which of the following would you use?

A)ATPase inhibitors
B)dyneinase
C)serotonin
D)mysoinase II
E)contractionase

Question 35

When migrating cells move toward a greater concentration of a diffusible chemical, the chemical is called a _ .

Question 36

Cytoplasmic streaming depends on the protein .

Question 37

Muscle contraction occurs in a cyclic process. Which of the following sequences is in the correct order?

A)cross bridge formation, cocking of myosin, power stroke, cross bridge dissociation
B)cross bridge formation, power stroke, cross bridge dissociation, power stroke, cocking of myosin
C)power stroke, cross bridge formation, cross bridge dissociation, cocking of myosin
D)cross bridge formation, cross bridge dissociation, cocking of myosin, power stroke
E)cross bridge formation, power stroke, cross bridge dissociation, cocking of myosin

Question 38

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with cardiac muscle?

A)pointed ends
B)intercalated discs
C)striations
D)contracts spontaneously
E)involuntary

Question 39

Which of the following is associated with retrograde movement?

A)tubulin
B)actin
C)dynein
D)kinesin
E)myosin

Question 40

Biochemical evidence supporting our current model of muscle contraction includes the observation that

A)actin and myosin have the same molecular weight.
B)myosin has ATPase activity.
C)myosin binds calcium.
D)titin binds calcium.
E)actin has ATPase activity.