Deck 24: Growth and Development

Question 1

Identical twins

A) are the result of a single fertilized egg
B) usually share an umbilical cord
C) usually share a placenta
D) both A and C

Answer 1

both A and C

Question 2

Which of the following is not formed by the mesoderm?

A) dermis of the skin
B) kidneys
C) bladder
D) muscles

Answer 2

bladder

Question 3

The time from maximal cervical dilation until the baby exits through the vagina is the _____ stage of labor.

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

Answer 3

second

Question 4

Which of the following is not a function of the placenta?

A) acting as the nutrient bridge between mother and baby
B) acting as an excretory organ
C) acting as an endocrine organ
D) All of the above are functions of the placenta.

Question 5

Fertilization usually occurs in the

A) uterus
B) outer third of the oviduct near the ovary
C) inner third of the oviduct near the uterus
D) ovarian follicle

Question 6

The implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus is called

A) placenta previa
B) abruptio placentae
C) ectopic pregnancy
D) preeclampsia

Question 7

The time from the onset of uterine contractions to the complete dilation of the cervix is the _____ stage of labor.

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

Question 8

Which of the following is not formed by the ectoderm?

A) dermis of the skin
B) epidermis of the skin
C) brain
D) spinal cord

Question 9

Fraternal twins

A) are the result of two fertilized eggs
B) must be of the same sex
C) must have the same blood type
D) All of the above are true.

Question 10

Because of the rapid cell division,the blastocyst is _____ as the fertilized egg.

A) about twice as large
B) about four times as large
C) almost eight times as large
D) the same size

Question 11

Which of the following is not formed by the endoderm?

A) lining of the lungs
B) nasal bones
C) thymus gland
D) tonsils

Question 12

Which of the following terms refers to a fertilized ovum?

A) blastocyst
B) embryo
C) zygote
D) morula

Question 13

Separation of the placenta from the uterine wall after 20 weeks' gestation is a condition called

A) placenta previa
B) abruptio placentae
C) ectopic pregnancy
D) preeclampsia

Question 14

Which structure is a solid ball of cells that forms about 3 days after fertilization?

A) blastocyst
B) embryo
C) zygote
D) morula

Question 15

The function of the yolk sac is to

A) provide food until the blastocyst implants in the uterus
B) develop into a protective structure called the "bag of waters"
C) help in the production of blood cells
D) All of the above are functions of the yolk sac.

Question 16

Blood type is an inherited trait; therefore

A) identical twins must have the same blood type
B) fraternal twins must have the same blood type
C) identical twins may have the same blood type,but don't have to
D) both A and B

Question 17

The sequence of development for the fertilized egg is

A) fertilization,zygote,morula,implantation,and blastocyst
B) fertilization,zygote,morula,blastocyst,and implantation
C) fertilization,zygote,blastocyst,morula,and implantation
D) fertilization,zygote,blastocyst,implantation,and morula

Question 18

The process of the expulsion of the placenta occurs in the _____ stage of labor.

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

Question 19

Which structure is a hollow ball of cells that develops and implants into the uterus?

A) blastocyst
B) embryo
C) zygote
D) morula

Question 20

If a blastocyst implants too close to the cervical opening,which of the following conditions can develop?

A) placenta previa
B) abruptio placentae
C) ectopic pregnancy
D) preeclampsia

Question 21

Which of the following is considered a postpartum disorder?

A) abruptio placentae
B) puerperal fever
C) preeclampsia
D) Both A and B are considered postpartum disorders.

Question 22

The period of infancy occurs for

A) 4 weeks after birth
B) a year
C) 18 months
D) 2 years

Question 23

One of the primary functions of the yolk sac is to provide food for the blastocyst until it implants in the uterine wall.

Question 24

One of the most important functions of the placenta is to act as a barrier to keep potentially harmful materials such as alcohol or viruses from hurting the baby.

Question 25

The blastocyst implants into the uterine wall.

Question 26

The event that divides the prenatal and postnatal periods is birth.

Question 27

After ovulation,the ovum immediately enters the fallopian tube.

Question 28

Which of the following is true of the embryo after 35 days of development?

A) The heart is beating.
B) The eyes are visible.
C) The limb buds are visible.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 29

Which of the following does not contribute to a newborn's Apgar score?

A) weight of the baby at birth
B) heart rate
C) muscle tone
D) All of the above contribute to the Apgar score.

Question 30

One of the reasons the egg cell is so large is to supply food for the zygote until it implants in the uterus.

Question 31

The length of the pregnancy is referred to as the gestation period.

Question 32

Adolescence is

A) generally considered to be the teenage years
B) characterized by the completion of the deciduous teeth
C) characterized by the full closure of the bone growth plates
D) All of the above are true of adolescence.

Question 33

Childhood

A) occurs from infancy to age 10
B) occurs from infancy to sexual maturity
C) is usually longer in boys than girls
D) both B and C

Question 34

Fertilization usually occurs at the segment of the oviduct nearest the uterus.

Question 35

Which of the following is not a teratogenic cause of birth defects?

A) alcohol
B) genes
C) radiation
D) infection

Question 36

The chorionic villi allow the blood of the mother to mix with the blood of the baby so there can be an exchange of material.

Question 37

The morula is larger and has more cells than the zygote.

Question 38

One of the functions of the placenta is to act as an endocrine gland.

Question 39

Another term for which condition is toxemia of pregnancy?

A) placenta previa
B) abruptio placentae
C) ectopic pregnancy
D) preeclampsia

Question 40

The union of the sperm and egg creates a zygote.

Question 41

Stage two of labor is usually the longest of the three stages.

Question 42

A woman who delivers her baby by cesarean section cannot go through any of the three stages of labor.

Question 43

Organogenesis must precede histogenesis.

Question 44

Stage two of labor ends with the birth of the baby.

Question 45

Stage three of labor starts when the cervix is fully dilated.

Question 46

Stage three of labor is usually the shortest.

Question 47

It is possible for identical twins to have different biological fathers.

Question 48

Stage three of labor ends with the birth of the baby.

Question 49

The ectoderm forms the dermis and epidermis of the skin.

Question 50

Stage three of labor ends with the expulsion of the placenta.

Question 51

The developing baby is called a fetus for the last 3 months of pregnancy.

Question 52

The endoderm forms the brain and spinal cord.

Question 53

The mesoderm forms the muscles of the body.

Question 54

By 4 months of gestation,all of the organ systems are complete and in place.

Question 55

Identical twins must have the same color eyes and hair.

Question 56

By day 35 of gestation,the embryo has a beating heart.

Question 57

Stage one of labor ends when the cervix is fully dilated.

Question 58

Histogenesis must precede organogenesis.

Question 59

The primary germ layers of the body produce the gametes that join to form the zygote.

Question 60

Another term for birth is parturition.

Question 61

Signs and symptoms of preeclampsia include high blood pressure and edema.

Question 62

All teratogens are also mutagens.

Question 63

Infancy begins at birth and lasts about 18 months.

Question 64

Mutagens cause a change in the genetic code in the cells of the developing embryo.

Question 65

Preeclampsia can develop into eclampsia,which can be fatal to both mother and baby.

Question 66

Fraternal twins can have different biological fathers.

Question 67

Identical twins usually share one umbilical cord and one placenta.

Question 68

The first 4 months after birth are referred to as the neonatal period.

Question 69

Ectopic pregnancies are always fatal to the embryo and are usually life threatening to the mother.

Question 70

Birth defects can result from genetic or environmental causes.

Question 71

If the fimbriae do not catch the ovum,an ectopic pregnancy could occur.

Question 72

Fraternal twins can be of different sexes.

Question 73

A tubal pregnancy is considered an ectopic pregnancy.

Question 74

If the blastocyst implants too close to the cervix,a condition called placenta previa can occur.

Question 75

Identical twins come from one fertilized egg.

Question 76

Abruptio placentae occurs when the placenta pulls away from the uterine wall.

Question 77

Placenta previa has the highest risk for mother and baby during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Question 78

The stimulus for a baby's first breath is the lack of oxygen coming through the umbilical cord.

Question 79

Teratogens are most damaging to the fetus during the last trimester of pregnancy.

Question 80

Fertility drugs increase the likelihood of having identical twins.