Deck 8: Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and Job Involvement

Question 1

Research suggests two types of goals (mastery and performance) that can satisfy the need for achievement.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The five needs in Maslow's needs hierarchy theory are physiological, safety, belonging, esteem, and self- actualization.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Employee perceptions of job characteristics influence motivation.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Individuals with high need for achievement select extremely difficult goals to accomplish.

Question 5

The JDI measures perceived job satisfaction.

Question 6

Content theories of motivation deal with cognitive processes involved in making decisions.(F, pp.181, 185)

Question 7

Interest in work motivation theories has shifted away from developing new theories and more toward extending, empirically testing, and applying proposed ideas in the workplace.

Question 8

Equity theory deals with a person's perceived expectations of the rewards that follow certain behaviors.

Question 9

Hygiene needs are aspects of the work environment such as pay and supervision.

Question 10

Motivator needs are related to job dissatisfaction.

Question 11

Valence is the measure of importance you assign to a job outcome.

Question 12

Content theories of motivation focus on enlarging, enriching, or redefining jobs to provide greater employee responsibility.

Question 13

Process theories are concerned with factors and processes internal to the employee.

Question 14

The core job characteristics identified in job-characteristics theory are: skill variety, task identity, job loading, and feedback.

Question 15

In Maslow's needs hierarchy theory, higher order needs can be satisfied without having satisfied lower order needs.

Question 16

Process theories of motivation deal with internal needs that influence behavior.(F, pp.181, 185)

Question 17

Employees with a mastery goal orientation are interested in performing better than other people

Question 18

Achievement theory posits the need to accomplish something and be the best in whatever one undertakes.

Question 19

VIE theory deals with the ratio of outcome to input and how equitably that ratio compares with co-workers.

Question 20

Job enrichment is the expansion of the job to give the jobholder more tasks to perform.

Question 21

There is not a significant relationship between organizational justice perceptions and organizational commitment.

Question 22

Research suggests happier people tend to make more money

Question 23

Behavioral commitment is the same as continuance commitment

Question 24

There is a positive relationship between internal locus of control and job satisfaction.

Question 25

Dysfunctional turnover occurs when low performers quit.

Question 26

All turnover is bad for the organization

Question 27

Job involvement is not related to job satisfaction.

Question 28

In the U.S., almost 40% of employees do not show up for work on any given day.

Question 29

Organizational commitment is strongly related to turnover.

Question 30

Research suggests there is no consistent relationship between job satisfaction and job performance.

Question 31

Job satisfaction increases with age.

Question 32

Despite their higher status, those higher in the organizational structure generally have lower job satisfaction than those below them.

Question 33

Sex differences in reported job satisfaction are inconsistent.

Question 34

Surveys show that most workers prefer a merit pay system.

Question 35

Three types of commitment are attribution, cognitive, and normative.

Question 36

An employee who has normative commitment identifies with the organization, internalizes its values and attitudes, and complies with its demands.

Question 37

Merit pay has been show to improve work motivation more for those lower in positive affectivity.

Question 38

Prosocial behaviors are helpful behaviors directed only at co-workers

Question 39

There is a negative relationship between pay and job satisfaction.

Question 40

Research demonstrates that job satisfaction causes life satisfaction.

Question 41

Job dissatisfaction is produced by needs.

A)motivator
B)hygiene
C)achievement
D)levels of responsibility

Question 42

Frederick Herzberg is known for which theory of motivation?

A)Job characteristics
B)Equity
C)VIE
D)Two-factor

Question 43

Organizational citizenship behavior involves putting forth extra effort.
LISTING/SHORT ANSWER

Question 44

Maslow's theory .

A)has received little research support
B)has received a great deal of research support
C)is relatively easy to test empirically
D)is not accepted as a potent motivating force by executives

Question 45

Job-characteristics theory is most closely associated with .

A)Vroom
B)Alderfer
C)Hackman & Oldham
D)Locke & Latham

Question 46

Needs hierarchy theory is associated with .

A)McClelland
B)Maslow
C)Locke
D)Vroom

Question 47

Which of the following is not one of Herzberg's motivator needs?

A)Recognition
B)Advancement
C)Level of responsibility
D)Supervision

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a content theory?

A)Equity theory
B)Need achievement theory
C)Needs hierarchy theory
D)Two-factor theory

Question 49

According to Maslow, our needs for must be satisfied before needs become prominent.

A)belonging; safety
B)self-actualization; esteem
C)safety; physiological
D)belonging; esteem

Question 50

Which of the following is not a way to enrich a job as proposed by Herzberg?

A)Remove some management controls
B)Increase pay and benefits
C)Create natural work units
D)Provide feedback

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of people who have a high need to achieve?

A)Want to assume responsibility
B)Take calculated risks
C)Need continuing recognition and feedback
D)Set very difficult goals

Question 52

is the motivational theory that emphasizes the need to accomplish something.

A)Achievement motivation theory
B)Motivator-hygiene theory
C)Job characteristics theory
D)Path-goal theory

Question 53

Research suggests two types of goals - and - that can satisfy the need for achievement.

A)motivators; hygienes
B)mastery; performance
C)esteem; love
D)none of the above

Question 54

theory encompasses physiological, safety, belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.

A)Achievement motivatin
B)Needs hierarchy
C)Job characteristics
D)Motivator-hygiene

Question 55

The need for self-fulfillment is known as .

A)self-esteem
B)self-concept
C)self-actualization
D)respect

Question 56

According to Herzberg, needs produce job satisfaction, and needs produce job dissatisfaction.

A)motivator; hygiene
B)hygiene; motivator
C)external; internal
D)satisfier; motivator

Question 57

Job redesign to satisfy the motivator needs is known as _.

A)job expansion
B)organization design
C)job enrichment
D)job characteristics

Question 58

theories focus on the importance of work itself, while theories focus on the cognitive processes used in making decisions about work.

A)Process; content
B)Content; process
C)Program; construct
D)Construct; program

Question 59

is the motivational theory that links specific aspects of the job with psychological conditions that lead to greater motivation, performance, and satisfaction for employees with a high growth need.

A)Two-factor
B)Equity
C)Job characteristics
D)VIE

Question 60

Which of the following are the two types of motivation theories discussed in our text?

A)Content and program
B)Process and construct
C)Content and process
D)Construct and program

Question 61

people are satisfied when they are under-rewarded.

A)Equity sensitive
B)Benevolent
C)Authoritative
D)Entitled

Question 62

In VIE theory, the probability an outcome will lead to other outcomes is known as _.

A)Expectancy
B)Instrumentality
C)Valence
D)Pygmalion effect

Question 63

is the motivational theory stating that our work motivation is influenced by our perception of how fairly we are treated.

A)Expectancy theory
B)Two-factor theory
C)Job characteristics theory
D)Equity theory

Question 64

Content theories of motivation share what as a common core or concept?

A)They focus on redefining jobs to provide greater employee responsibility
B)They focus on enlarging jobs to provide greater employee responsibility
C)They focus on enriching jobs to provide greater employee responsibility
D)All of the above

Question 65

J.Stacy Adams is associated with _.

A)Expectancy theory
B)Equity theory
C)Goal setting theory
D)Two-factor theory

Question 66

In VIE theory, the probability that certain job behaviors will lead to a particular outcome is known as .

A)Expectancy
B)Instrumentality
C)Valence
D)Pygmalion effect

Question 67

is the motivational theory based on the idea that our level of motivation on the job is determined by our desire to achieve a particular goal.

A)Goal-setting
B)Equity
C)VIE
D)Two-factor

Question 68

Which questionnaire was developed by Hackman and Oldham to measure three aspects of the job characteristics theory?

A)Job Description Index (JDI)
B)Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ)
C)Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS)
D)MMPI

Question 69

The motivational theory stating that people make choices based on their expectations that certain rewards will follow from certain behaviors is theory.

A)VIE
B)Equity
C)Goal-setting
D)Two-factor

Question 70

Research has shown that employee perceptions of inequity are linked to _.

A)resentment
B)absenteeism
C)turnover
D)all of the above

Question 71

The person most associated with goal setting theory is _.

A)J.Stacy Adams
B)Frederick Herzberg
C)Edwin Locke
D)Abraham Maslow

Question 72

The process theories of motivation are concerned with .

A)factors and processes that are part of decision making
B)enriching jobs
C)enlarging and redefining jobs
D)job characteristics

Question 73

Which of the following is not a process theory of motivation?

A)Equity
B)VIE
C)Goal-setting
D)Job characteristics theory

Question 74

people believe that everything they receive is their due.

A)Authoritative
B)Benevolent
C)Entitled
D)Equity sensitive

Question 75

Goals that are to attain are better motivators than goals that are to attain.

A)difficult; easy
B)easy; difficult
C)slightly difficult; moderately difficult
D)no difference

Question 76

Three response patterns to situations of perceived equity or inequity are:

A)authoritarian, authoritative, participative
B)telling, coaching, participating
C)benevolent, equity sensitive, entitled
D)authoritative, equity sensitive, entitled

Question 77

Core job characteristics identified by Hackman and Oldham include:

A)skill variety; task significance; promotion opportunity
B)feedback; autonomy; extrinsic rewards
C)task identity; feedback; task significance
D)skill variety; task significance; extrinsic rewards

Question 78

The Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS) measures which three aspects of the job characteristics theory?

A)Pay, promotion, supervision
B)Job characteristics, growth needs, job satisfaction
C)Advancement, independence, recognition
D)Social status, working conditions, nature of the work

Question 79

In VIE theory, the psychological value of a reward is known as .

A)Expectancy
B)Instrumentality
C)Valence
D)Enrichment

Question 80

The strength of our determination to reach a goal is known as .

A)stamina
B)commitment
C)participation
D)involvement