Deck 9: The Organization of the Organization

Question 1

A review of U.S.pay scales indicated that unionized workers were paid wages up to 15 percent higher than nonunion employees.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A bureaucracy is intended to be a rational structure in which personal bias has no place.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Max Weber prepared the first organization chart in the 1850's.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

McGregor's Theory Y suggests that organizations must decrease workers' dependency and subordination to enhance their potential.

Question 5

When a grievance is settled in favor of management, job satisfaction increases among employees.

Question 6

Membership in a labor union affects satisfaction and productivity.

Question 7

Participation by workers in decisions about change reduces resistance to change.

Question 8

According to Furst and Cable (2008), higher LMX leads to less acceptance of organizational change.

Question 9

Self-managing work teams allow the members of a work team to manage, control, and monitor all facets of their work.

Question 10

Resocialization occurs any time an employee joins a different organization.

Question 11

Bureaucracies address human needs and adapt easily to social and technological change.

Question 12

Socialization is an adjustment period for new workers.

Question 13

The team of workers in the telephone-bank wiring room at the Hawthorne works provides an example of a very productive informal work group.

Question 14

OD involves techniques for introducing large-scale changes.

Question 15

OD change agents should ideally be current, long-term employees of the organization who understand its ins and outs in detail.

Question 16

QWL programs are always effective in driving the change needed by an organization

Question 17

Person-organization fit is the pattern of beliefs, values, and expectations that guide the behavior of an organization's members.

Question 18

TQM programs restructure job requirements to enhance worker participation.

Question 19

People tend to work harder alone than in a group.

Question 20

I-O psychologists have identified two factors related to socialization: role ambiguity and role complexity.

Question 21

High-involvement management style rests on which three assumptions about people?

A)human relations, human resources, and high involvement
B)participation, commitment, congruence
C)initiating structure, consideration, and moderation
D)commitment, involvement, and congruence

Question 22

Self-managing teams require .

A)clear direction
B)adequate material resources
C)mature employees
D)all of the above

Question 23

According to a meta-analysis by Beal, Cohen, Burke, and McLendon (2003), the three components of group cohesiveness are interpersonal attraction, task commitment, and relationship orientation.

Question 24

Computer usage always results in a power shift from workers to supervisors.

Question 25

Research by Everton, Matrangelo, and Jolton (2003) indicated that electronic monitoring significantly reduced the use of work computers for non-work activities.

Question 26

Bureaucracy is closely aligned with _.

A)Theory Y
B)Theory X
C)Participative management
D)Relationship motivation

Question 27

is the work behavior that is stimulated by high-involvement management.

A)Taking charge
B)Passivity
C)Dependency
D)Docility

Question 28

Informal work groups tend to attract people with a broad array of demographic and personality factors.

Question 29

"Ideal" employees in a bureaucracy are _.

A)proactive
B)independent
C)passive
D)assertive

Question 30

David McClelland's work on contributed to the development of TQM.

A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)LMX
D)bureaucracy

Question 31

The overall goal of TQM is .

A)increased organizational efficiency
B)improve the quality of work
C)improve the quality of working life
D)eliminate the need for unions

Question 32

The organization chart was first prepared by _.

A)Max Weber
B)Fred Fiedler
C)Douglas McGregor
D)Daniel McCallum

Question 33

TQM programs .

A)are more popular in Europe than in the U.S.
B)restructure job and management requirements to enhance worker participation
C)are embraced by union officials
D)thrive in diverse and contingent workforces

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a bureaucracy?

A)Influenced by subjectivity and personal bias
B)Decentralization into component parts and operations
C)Responsibility and authority are delegated downward
D)Human values are often ignored

Question 35

The two principle styles of organizations are and .

A)bureaucracy; scientific management
B)democracy; high-involvement management
C)bureaucracy; employee participation
D)scientific management; employee participation

Question 36

A(n) is a work team that controls all aspects of the job.

A)quality control circle
B)self-managing work team
C)informal work team
D)bureaucratic

Question 37

Workers who do business with people online trust the people they interact with face-to-face more than they do those with whom they interact electronically.

Question 38

According to a survey by the American Management Association, despite the growth of electronic surveillance, few companies have ever fired employees for misusing the internet

Question 39

The concept of bureaucracy was first proposed by .

A)James Cattell
B)Karl Marx
C)Daniel McCallum
D)Max Weber

Question 40

Which of the following is most closely associated with high-involvement management?

A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)decision making is centralized
D)human needs and values are often ignored

Question 41

Of the following, which of the following is the most important factor during the socialization and resocialization process?

A)assessment
B)evaluation
C)intervention
D)peer feedback

Question 42

Desktop Videoconferencing Systems (DVCS) are used by _.

A)quality control circles
B)self-managing work groups
C)virtual self-managing work groups
D)labor unions

Question 43

Improper socialization can foster .

A)frustration
B)dissatisfaction
C)commitment
D)a and b, but not c

Question 44

includes techniques for introducing large scale changes.

A)DVCS
B)OD
C)OB
D)OC

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an effective socialization program?

A)Monotonous job
B)Opportunities for development
C)Positive interactions with superiors
D)Feedback

Question 46

High levels of role ambiguity are positively related with .

A)satisfaction with supervisor
B)job satisfaction
C)turnover
D)organizational commitment

Question 47

High levels of role conflict and role ambiguity are related to .

A)high satisfaction
B)high commitment
C)dissatisfaction with the supervisor
D)low turnover

Question 48

Sensitivity training, role playing, group discussion, and survey feedback are all techniques used by .

A)bureaucratic managers
B)extroverts
C)change agents
D)Theory Y managers

Question 49

is/are the pattern of beliefs, values, and expectations that guide the behavior of the organization's members.

A)Attitudes
B)OD
C)Organizational culture
D)Prejudice

Question 50

OD implementation must begin with .

A)workers
B)quality circles
C)supervisors
D)top management

Question 51

Role ambiguity is best characterized .

A)as the process of socialization of new employees
B)when job responsibilities are unstructured or poorly defined
C)when there is disparity between job demands and the employee's personal standards
D)when there is congruity between job demands and job standards

Question 52

Organizational climate is .

A)the deep manifestation of organizational culture
B)the surface manifestation of organizational culture
C)negatively related to cohesiveness
D)positively related to job satisfaction

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT true of self-managing work groups?

A)It takes a while to become effective.
B)Conversion to the process is difficult.
C)No leadership is required for efficient functioning
D)It requires a support staff to provide technical expertise.

Question 54

Job satisfaction seems to be correlated with OD, and productivity seems to be correlated with OD.

A)negatively; negatively
B)negatively; positively
C)positively; negatively
D)positively; positively

Question 55

Self-managing workgroups require .

A)clear direction
B)minimal resources
C)no external team leader
D)none of the above

Question 56

The correct sequence for the OD process is:

A)assessment, feedback, evaluation, implementation
B)assessment, diagnosis, evaluation, implementation
C)assessment, diagnosis, implementation, evaluation
D)assessment, feedback, implementation, evaluation

Question 57

The adjustment process for new employees is known as .

A)OD
B)socialization
C)role ambiguity
D)role conflict

Question 58

The degree of congruence between an employee's values and the organization's values is known as .

A)person-organization fit
B)role conflict
C)role ambiguity
D)organizational culture

Question 59

Person-organization fit is enhanced by how closely the values of the newcomer tend to agree with those of .

A)family
B)friends
C)peers
D)supervisor

Question 60

Role conflict is best characterized .

A)as the process of socialization of new employees
B)when job responsibilities are unstructured or poorly defined
C)when there is disparity between job demands and the employee's personal standards
D)when there is congruity between job demands and job standards

Question 61

Wage-incentive systems that reward rather than performance increase competition and lower cohesion.

A)team; individual
B)team; peer
C)individual; team
D)individual; peer

Question 62

Organizations tend to be homogeneous in terms of instilling a typical personality in their _.

A)workers
B)peers
C)managers
D)customers

Question 63

Which of the following is a formal mechanism for worker complaints?

A)employee handbook
B)open door policy
C)union grievance process
D)progressive discipline

Question 64

What was union membership is 2007 as a percent of the U.S.workforce?

A)5.1 percent
B)9.1 percent
C)12.1 percent
D)15.1 percent

Question 65

According to Anderson, Spataro, and Flynn (2008), leaders high in the personality factor have more influence on employees who work on technical tasks.

A)extraversion; alone
B)extraversion; in teams
C)conscientiousness; alone
D)conscientiousness; in teams

Question 66

Which statement is true regarding labor unions?

A)They do not aid in defining a company's culture.
B)Socialization of new union members is dissimilar to that of becoming acclimated to the new organization.
C)They use both formal and informal socialization processes.
D)Membership has remained steady over the last 25 years.

Question 67

An American Management Association survey reported that approximately of companies questioned had fired employees for misusing the Internet on the job.

A)15 percent
B)25 percent
C)50 percent
D)75 percent

Question 68

The the cohesiveness, the the pressure to conform.

A)less; greater
B)greater; greater
C)greater; less
D)there is no relationship

Question 69

Which of the following is defined as the degree of closeness within a group?

A)Culture
B)Separation
C)Cohesion
D)Hawthorne effect

Question 70

The actions of the workers in the telephone-bank wiring room at the Hawthorne works are a classic example of the effects of on productivity.

A)the formal work group
B)the informal work group
C)job satisfaction
D)low group cohesion

Question 71

Computer technology _.

A)creates the need for less coordination and integration of the company's basic units
B)requires less formalization of work procedures
C)disrupts traditional lines of communication
D)increases cohesion

Question 72

What was union membership in 1945 as a percent of the U.S.workforce?

A)15 percent
B)25 percent
C)35 percent
D)45 percent

Question 73

is the idea that people do not work as hard in a group as they do when working alone.

A)Social loafing
B)Norms
C)Roles
D)None of the above

Question 74

relates to the inability of more than one team member to generate ideas at the same time.

A)Production enhancement
B)Evaluation apprehension
C)Formalization
D)Production blocking

Question 75

relates the reluctance of some team members to offer their own ideas for fear of being publicly criticized or embarrassed.

A)Production enhancement
B)Evaluation apprehension
C)Formalization
D)Production blocking

Question 76

Unions initially TQM programs.

A)welcomed
B)resisted
C)felt ambivalent
D)requested management to initiate