Deck 9: The Muscular System

Question 1

Endurance training results in

A) muscle atrophy
B) an increase in blood vessels to a muscle
C) muscle hypertrophy
D) an increase in muscle fibers

Answer 1

an increase in blood vessels to a muscle

Question 2

If the muscles of a weightlifter and a marathon runner were compared,the weightlifter would have

A) more mitochondria in each muscle cell
B) larger muscle cells
C) more muscles
D) both B and C

Answer 2

larger muscle cells

Question 3

Strength training causes

A) muscle atrophy
B) an increase in blood vessels to a muscle
C) muscle hypertrophy
D) an increase in the number of mitochondria in a muscle cell

Answer 3

muscle hypertrophy

Question 4

Intercalated disks are found in _____ muscle.

A) striated
B) cardiac
C) smooth
D) all of the above

Question 5

Which of the following does not happen when a muscle contracts?

A) A motor neuron stimulates a muscle cell.
B) The muscle cells partially contract based on the amount of resistance.
C) The impulse crosses the neuromuscular junction.
D) The stimulus rises above threshold.

Question 6

Another name for a voluntary muscle is _____ muscle.

A) striated
B) cardiac
C) skeletal
D) both A and C

Question 7

The triceps brachii and the biceps brachii

A) are synergistic for each other
B) both have their origin in the forearm
C) are antagonist to each other
D) both have their insertions in the shoulder

Question 8

In extending the elbow,the

A) triceps brachii is the prime mover
B) biceps brachii is the prime mover
C) brachialis is the prime mover
D) triceps brachii is the antagonist

Question 9

Trying to lift a 500-pound weight would result in what type of muscle contraction?

A) isometric
B) twitch
C) isotonic
D) both A and B

Question 10

Shaking your head "no" is what type of movement?

A) supination
B) rotation
C) abduction
D) dorsiflexion

Question 11

Which type of muscle tissue contains striations?

A) voluntary muscle
B) cardiac muscle
C) smooth muscle
D) both A and B

Question 12

Muscle hypertrophy

A) results from long periods of disuse
B) results from endurance training
C) is an increase in muscle size
D) results from an increase in blood vessels to a muscle

Question 13

Lifting a book off the desk is an example of what type of contraction?

A) isometric
B) twitch
C) isotonic
D) both A and B

Question 14

If the muscles of a weightlifter and a marathon runner were compared,the marathon runner would have

A) more mitochondria in each muscle cell
B) larger muscle cells
C) more muscle cells
D) both A and C

Question 15

The movement that is opposite of flexion is

A) abduction
B) rotation
C) extension
D) supination

Question 16

During strenuous exercise

A) an oxygen debt can occur
B) lactic acid can be created in the muscle
C) almost all the contractions are tonic contractions
D) both A and B

Question 17

In the bending of the elbow,the

A) triceps brachii is the synergist
B) biceps brachii is the prime mover
C) biceps brachii is the antagonist
D) brachialis is the prime mover

Question 18

Tonic contractions

A) help maintain posture
B) cause an oxygen debt in the body
C) produce large amounts of lactic acid
D) both B and C

Question 19

Another name for visceral muscle is _____ muscle.

A) cardiac
B) voluntary
C) smooth
D) striated

Question 20

The autoimmune muscle condition that is characterized by muscle weakness,especially in the face and throat,is called

A) fibromyositis
B) myalgia
C) myasthenia gravis
D) Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Question 21

Skeletal muscles are also called striated or visceral muscles.

Question 22

Which of the following is not a primary function of the muscular system?

A) protection of internal organs not protected by bone
B) movement
C) maintaining posture
D) producing heat for the body

Question 23

The insertion of a muscle is the

A) attachment to the more movable muscle
B) attachment to the more stationary muscle
C) muscle most responsible for a specific movement
D) both B and C

Question 24

Unlike skeletal muscles,smooth muscle cells have only one nucleus.

Question 25

Which type of muscle is characterized by cells with tapered ends and a single nucleus?

A) cardiac
B) smooth
C) striated
D) voluntary

Question 26

Damage to a ligament results in which type of injury?

A) strain
B) myalgia
C) cramps
D) sprain

Question 27

Which type of contraction can be seen in an isolated muscle but plays a minimal role in normal muscle activity?

A) isometric
B) twitch
C) isotonic
D) tectonic

Question 28

Which substance is stored in the muscle's endoplasmic reticulum and then released when a nerve signal stimulates a muscle fiber?

A) myoglobin
B) calcium ions
C) ATP
D) sarcomeres

Question 29

Which type of muscle tissue specializes in contraction or shortening?

A) cardiac
B) smooth
C) striated
D) all of the above

Question 30

In bending the elbow,the insertion is in the forearm.

Question 31

Both smooth muscles and cardiac muscles have striations.

Question 32

Bursae and tendon sheaths perform the same function.

Question 33

Tendons attach bone to bone.

Question 34

In bending the elbow,the insertion is at the shoulder.

Question 35

The "head" that forms the cross bridge when the muscle cell contracts is part of which protein?

A) actin
B) the thin filament
C) myosin
D) both A and B

Question 36

Both cardiac muscle and skeletal muscles have intercalated disks.

Question 37

Tendons attach muscle to bone at both the origin and insertion sites.

Question 38

Both skeletal muscles and cardiac muscles have striations.

Question 39

The origin of a muscle is the

A) attachment to the more movable bone
B) attachment to the more stationary bone
C) muscle most responsible for a specific movement
D) both A and C

Question 40

Moving a body part away from the midline of the body is called

A) abduction
B) pronation
C) rotation
D) adduction

Question 41

ATP is produced by muscle contraction.

Question 42

The thick myofilaments in a skeletal muscle are composed of actin.

Question 43

The continued heavy breathing after strenuous exercise is an attempt by the body to "repay" the oxygen debt.

Question 44

When a muscle cannot be supplied with enough oxygen,lactic acid is used to produce ATP.

Question 45

Muscle tone maintains posture.

Question 46

When the elbow is bent,the biceps brachii is the prime mover.

Question 47

The production of lactic acid is a result of energy release without a sufficient amount of oxygen.

Question 48

Sarcomeres are separated from each other by dark bands called myofilaments.

Question 49

Another name for a muscle cell is a muscle fiber.

Question 50

When the elbow is bent,the triceps brachii is the prime mover.

Question 51

Shivering helps a person with hypothermia because muscle contractions produce heat.

Question 52

A muscle can be a prime mover or an antagonist,depending on the movement of the joint.

Question 53

The basic functional unit of a skeletal muscle is a myofilament.

Question 54

When the elbow is straightened,the triceps brachii becomes the antagonistic muscle.

Question 55

Both calcium and ATP are needed for a muscle to contract.

Question 56

The model that is used to explain how a muscle contracts is called the sliding filament model.

Question 57

Almost all of the ATP energy used in muscle contraction is released in the form of heat.

Question 58

All the motor neurons that stimulate a single muscle are referred to as a motor unit.

Question 59

The thin myofilaments in a skeletal muscle are composed of actin.

Question 60

During a muscle contraction,the Z lines of that muscle come closer together.

Question 61

A strain is usually a muscle injury,and a sprain is usually a ligament injury.

Question 62

In an isotonic contraction,the origin point moves toward the insertion point.

Question 63

In an isotonic contraction,the muscle itself actually shortens.

Question 64

The main effect of strength training is muscle atrophy.

Question 65

In the anatomical position,the hands are in the supinated position.

Question 66

A severe muscle injury can have a negative effect on functioning of the kidneys.

Question 67

Chemicals are released at the neuromuscular junction that stimulates the muscle to contract.

Question 68

Twitch contractions are the normal muscle contraction used in most actions.

Question 69

The main effect of endurance training is muscle hypertrophy.

Question 70

In an isometric contraction,the muscle does not shorten,so there is no tension on the muscle.

Question 71

Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion refer to movements of the ankle that change the position of the foot.

Question 72

Abduction moves a body part toward the midline of the body.

Question 73

The muscle cells will contract slightly for a small stimulus and much more forcefully for a stronger stimulus.

Question 74

A football lineman exercises to develop hypertrophy and a marathon runner exercises to increase blood supply to a muscle.

Question 75

When a person picks up a 5-pound weight,muscle cells contract less forcefully than when a person picks up a 20-pound weight.

Question 76

The difference between picking up a 5-pound weight and picking up a 20-pound weight is the number of motor units stimulating the muscle to contract.

Question 77

The least amount of stimulus required for a muscle to contract is called the threshold stimulus.

Question 78

If a prime mover caused extension,the antagonist would cause flexion.

Question 79

Muscular dystrophy is a muscle disorder caused by a viral infection.

Question 80

The main effect of endurance training is an increase in the number of blood vessels in a muscle.