Deck 18: The Digestive System

Question 1

Which enzyme is produced by the salivary glands and begins the chemical digestion of carbohydrates?

A) salivary amylase
B) salivary maltase
C) salivary sucrase
D) salivary lactase

Answer 1

salivary amylase

Question 2

Which condition results from an infection by a yeastlike fungal organism?

A) periodontitis
B) dental caries
C) gingivitis
D) thrush

Answer 2

thrush

Question 3

The effect of cholecystokinin is to

A) stimulate the liver to produce bile
B) stimulate the liver to release bile
C) cause contraction of the gallbladder to release bile
D) inhibit the production of bile in the liver

Answer 3

cause contraction of the gallbladder to release bile

Question 4

Which structure prevents food and liquid from entering the nasal cavities when a person swallows?

A) the frenulum
B) the uvula
C) the hard palate
D) both B and C

Question 5

In the abdominal cavity,which part of the wall of the digestive tract is made of the visceral peritoneum?

A) serosa
B) submucosa
C) muscularis
D) mucosa

Question 6

Which of the following is not a salivary gland?

A) sublingual gland
B) submandibular gland
C) submaxillary gland
D) parotid gland

Question 7

Which substance is the outer covering of the shell of the tooth in the crown?

A) cementum
B) enamel
C) dentin
D) pulp

Question 8

Which layer of the wall of the digestive tract contains blood vessels and nerves?

A) serosa
B) submucosa
C) muscularis
D) mucosa

Question 9

One of the effects of untreated gallstones that block the bile ducts could be

A) hepatitis A
B) jaundice
C) hepatitis B
D) cirrhosis

Question 10

Which of the following types of food processing occurs only in the digestive system?

A) metabolism
B) absorption
C) digestion
D) both B and C

Question 11

The order of the segments of the small intestine from the stomach to the large intestine is which of the following?

A) ileum,jejunum,duodenum
B) duodenum,ileum,jejunum
C) jejunum,duodenum,ileum
D) duodenum,jejunum,ileum

Question 12

Which structure does not increase the surface area of the lining of the small intestine?

A) microvilli
B) lacteals
C) villi
D) plicae

Question 13

If you have eaten a big meal,which part of the stomach may prevent the diaphragm from moving downward and possibly cause you to have trouble taking a deep breath?

A) body
B) pylorus
C) fundus
D) rugae

Question 14

Which is one of the most common diseases of the mouth and teeth in the developed world?

A) periodontitis
B) dental caries
C) gingivitis
D) thrush

Question 15

Which of the following structures would bile produced by the liver not have to pass through to get to the small intestine?

A) cystic duct
B) hepatic duct
C) common bile duct
D) Bile would have to pass through all of these structures.

Question 16

Most of the shell of the tooth is made of what substance?

A) cementum
B) enamel
C) dentin
D) pulp

Question 17

Which substance is the outer covering of the shell of the tooth in the neck and root?

A) cementum
B) enamel
C) dentin
D) pulp

Question 18

Which bone is not part of the hard palate?

A) mandibular bone
B) maxillary bone
C) palatine bone
D) All of the above bones are part of the hard palate.

Question 19

The cone-shaped structure hanging down from the soft palate is called the

A) frenulum
B) papillae
C) uvula
D) palatine tonsil

Question 20

Which layer of the wall of the digestive tract is responsible for peristalsis?

A) serosa
B) submucosa
C) muscularis
D) mucosa

Question 21

Which of the following is the end product of protein digestion?

A) fatty acids
B) glycerol
C) simple sugars
D) amino acids

Question 22

Protein digestion begins in the

A) mouth
B) stomach
C) small intestine
D) large intestine

Question 23

Fat digestion begins in the

A) mouth
B) stomach
C) small intestine
D) large intestine

Question 24

The order in which material passes through the large intestine is

A) descending colon,transverse colon,ascending colon,cecum
B) ascending colon,cecum,transverse colon,descending colon
C) cecum,descending colon,transverse colon,ascending colon
D) cecum,ascending colon,transverse colon,descending colon

Question 25

Mumps is a viral infection of which salivary gland?

A) sublingual gland
B) parotid gland
C) submandibular gland
D) submaxillary gland

Question 26

Pancreatic juice contains enzymes that help digest

A) carbohydrates
B) fats
C) proteins
D) all of the above

Question 27

The splenic flexure joins the _____ colon to the _____ colon.

A) ascending; descending
B) ascending; transverse
C) transverse; descending
D) descending; sigmoid

Question 28

The largest of the salivary glands is the _____ gland.

A) sublingual
B) submaxillary
C) parotid
D) submandibular

Question 29

Which of the following is the end product of fat digestion?

A) amino acids
B) glycerol
C) simple sugars
D) both A and B

Question 30

Pyloric stenosis is

A) an obstructive narrowing of the pyloric sphincter
B) a condition in which the pyloric sphincter muscles do not relax,so food cannot leave the stomach
C) caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori
D) both A and C

Question 31

Which of the following is not an important extension of the peritoneum?

A) greater omentum
B) mesentery
C) fundus
D) All of the above are extensions of the peritoneum.

Question 32

The stomach wall has how many layers of muscle?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 33

Which of the following is not true of the pancreas?

A) It is an endocrine gland.
B) It is an exocrine gland.
C) It secretes enzymes that help digest the three major kinds of food.
D) All of the above are true of the pancreas.

Question 34

Another name for the gastrointestinal tract is the alimentary canal.

Question 35

Which of the following is a general term for inflammation or infection of the gums?

A) periodontitis
B) gingivitis
C) caries
D) candidiasis

Question 36

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease of the digestive system?

A) Crohn disease
B) diverticulitis
C) dysentery
D) None of the above are autoimmune diseases.

Question 37

Which of the following are lymph capillaries in the small intestine?

A) plicae
B) lacteals
C) villi
D) duodenal papillae

Question 38

Digestion and metabolism occur only in the digestive system,whereas absorption occurs in every cell in the body.

Question 39

Which duct drains bile from the gallbladder?

A) hepatic duct
B) common bile duct
C) cystic duct
D) papillary duct

Question 40

The process of carbohydrate digestion primarily takes place in the

A) mouth
B) stomach
C) small intestine
D) large intestine

Question 41

Most of the shell of the tooth is made of dentin.

Question 42

An ineffective lower esophageal sphincter could lead to Barrett esophagus.

Question 43

The muscularis layer of the wall of the digestive tract is responsible for moving food though the digestive tract.

Question 44

The lower esophageal sphincter separates the stomach and the esophagus.

Question 45

The largest of the salivary glands is the submandibular gland.

Question 46

Leukoplakia,primarily caused by tobacco use,can develop into cancer.

Question 47

In a hiatal hernia,the esophagus passes through the diaphragm muscle.

Question 48

Dental caries is one of the most common diseases of underdeveloped countries.

Question 49

By the age of 2,most children have 20 teeth,their full set of baby teeth.

Question 50

In the abdominal cavity,the submucosa is composed of the visceral peritoneum.

Question 51

The stomach is divided into three parts: the body,the fundus,and the pylorus.

Question 52

Most of the shell of the neck and root of the tooth is made of cementum.

Question 53

The soft palate and the frenulum prevent food from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing.

Question 54

The soft and hard palates make up the roof of the mouth.

Question 55

Most of the shell of the crown of the tooth is made of enamel.

Question 56

The salivary glands begin the process of chemical digestion.

Question 57

People who have had organ transplants and are taking immunosuppressive drugs have an increased risk of thrush.

Question 58

Untreated periodontitis can lead to gingivitis.

Question 59

The gastric glands secrete gastric juices and hydrochloric acid to raise the pH of the stomach.

Question 60

All teeth have cusps.

Question 61

The pyloric sphincter prevents food and gastric juice from backing up into the esophagus.

Question 62

The pancreas is both an exocrine and an endocrine gland.

Question 63

Because the large intestine is important in the absorption of water,salts,and vitamins,the walls of the large intestine are covered with villi,just like the walls of the small intestine.

Question 64

Hepatitis A,hepatitis B,and cirrhosis are all liver conditions caused by viruses.

Question 65

People who are lactose intolerant do not have enough lactase to digest lactose sugar.This is a type of malabsorption syndrome.

Question 66

The liver produces bile.

Question 67

Rapid weight loss greatly reduces the risk of gallstones.

Question 68

The end result of cholecystokinin release is more fat emulsification in the small intestine.

Question 69

Microvilli,villi,and lacteals add surface area to the inner layer of the small intestine.

Question 70

The perfectly smooth walls of the small intestine ensure food moves through it more efficiently.

Question 71

All bile going to the small intestine must pass through the cystic duct,the hepatic duct,and the common bile duct.

Question 72

With a hiatal hernia,it is most likely the fundus that passes through the opening of the diaphragm.

Question 73

Gallstones that block the common bile duct can lead to jaundice.

Question 74

Microvilli,villi,and lacteals assist in the absorptive function of the small intestine.

Question 75

Chewing tobacco,consuming excessive alcohol,and eating smoked or preserved foods are risk factors in developing stomach cancer.

Question 76

A pylorospasm,a fairly common condition in infants,can prevent food from leaving the stomach and moving into the small intestine.

Question 77

Pancreatic juice contains enzymes that can digest all three types of food.

Question 78

Products from the liver,gallbladder,and pancreas empty into the duodenum of the small intestine.

Question 79

Spicy foods and smoking are the primary causes of ulcers.

Question 80

The ileocecal valve separates the ileum of the small intestine from the cecum of the large intestine.