Question 1

A client asks the NP about the differences in drug effects between men and women. What is known about the differences between the pharmacokinetics of men and women?&#10;A)Body temperature varies between men and women.&#10;B)Muscle mass is greater in women.&#10;C)Percentage of fat differs between genders.&#10;D)Proven subjective factors exist between the genders.&#10;

Accepted Answer

The percentage of body fat is a significant factor that differs between genders and affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Women generally have a higher percentage of body fat compared to men, which can influence the distribution, metabolism, and elimination of drugs, leading to differences in drug effects between men and women.

Question 2

Treatment goals in prescribing should:&#10;A)Always be curative&#10;B)Be patient centered&#10;C)Be convenient for the provider&#10;D)Focus on the cost of therapy&#10;

Accepted Answer

Treatment goals should be patient-centered, focusing on the individual needs and preferences of the patient rather than being solely curative, convenient for the provider, or primarily concerned with the cost of therapy.

Question 3

Pharmaceutical promotion may affect prescribing. To address the impact of pharmaceutical promotion, the following recommendations have been made by the Institute of Medicine:&#10;A)Conflicts of interest and financial relationships should be disclosed by those providing education.&#10;B)Providers should ban all pharmaceutical representatives from their office setting.&#10;C)Drug samples should be used for patients who have the insurance to pay for them, to ensure the patient can afford the medication.&#10;D)Providers should only accept low-value gifts, such as pens and pads of paper, from the pharmaceutical representative.&#10;

Accepted Answer

Conflicts of interest and financial relationships disclosure is a key recommendation by the Institute of Medicine to ensure transparency and integrity in the relationship between healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical industry. This helps in maintaining trust and credibility in the healthcare decisions made by providers.

Question 4

Patient education regarding prescribed medication includes:&#10;A)Instructions written at the high school reading level&#10;B)Discussion of expected adverse drug reactions&#10;C)How to store leftover medication such as antibiotics&#10;D)Verbal instructions that are always in English&#10;

Accepted Answer

Discussion of expected adverse drug reactions is crucial in patient education to ensure they are aware of what might happen while taking the medication and can take appropriate actions if adverse reactions occur.

Question 5

The therapeutic goals when prescribing include(s):&#10;A)Curative&#10;B)Palliative&#10;C)Preventive&#10;D)All of the above&#10;

Accepted Answer

The therapeutic goals when prescribing medication can include curative goals (aiming to cure a disease), palliative goals (aiming to relieve symptoms without curing the disease), and preventive goals (aiming to prevent a disease from occurring). Therefore, all of the options listed are correct.

Question 6

When determining drug treatment the NP prescriber should:&#10;A)Always use evidence-based guidelines&#10;B)Individualize the drug choice for the specific patient&#10;C)Rely on his or her experience when prescribing for complex patients&#10;D)Use the newest drug on the market for the condition being treated&#10;

Accepted Answer

Individualizing the drug choice for the specific patient ensures that the treatment is tailored to the patient's unique medical history, conditions, and needs, which is crucial for effective and safe treatment.

Question 7

An NP would prescribe the liquid form of ibuprofen for a 6-year-old child because:&#10;A)Drugs given in liquid form are less irritating to the stomach.&#10;B)A 6-year-old child may have problems swallowing a pill.&#10;C)Liquid forms of medication eliminate the concern for first-pass effect.&#10;D)Liquid ibuprofen does not have to be dosed as often as the tablet form.&#10;

Accepted Answer

A 6-year-old child may have difficulty swallowing pills, making liquid formulations more suitable for ensuring accurate dosing and ease of administration. Liquid forms do not inherently bypass the first-pass effect, nor are they less irritating to the stomach or dosed less frequently than their tablet counterparts.

Question 8

Passive monitoring of drug effectiveness includes:&#10;A)Ordering therapeutic drug levels&#10;B)Adding or subtracting medications from the treatment regimen&#10;C)Ongoing provider visits&#10;D)Instructing the patient to report if the drug is not effective&#10;

Accepted Answer

Passive monitoring involves less direct intervention and relies on patient feedback. Instructing the patient to report if the drug is not effective is a form of passive monitoring because it depends on the patient to initiate feedback about the drug's effectiveness.

Question 9

Pharmacokinetic factors that affect prescribing include:&#10;A)Therapeutic index&#10;B)Minimum effective concentration&#10;C)Bioavailability&#10;D)Ease of titration&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pharmacokinetic factors that affect prescribing include:&#10;A)Therapeutic index&#10;B)Minimum...

Question 10

The first step in the prescribing process according to the World Health Organization is:&#10;A)Choosing the treatment&#10;B)Educating the patient about the medication&#10;C)Diagnosing the patient's problem&#10;D)Starting the treatment&#10;

Accepted Answer

The first step in the prescribing process according to the World Health Organization is diagnosing the patient's problem. This ensures that the treatment prescribed is appropriate for the condition being treated.

Question 11

In deciding which drug to use to treat a condition, the NP chooses to prescribe Drug A because it:&#10;A)Has serious side effects and it is not being used for a life-threatening condition&#10;B)Will be taken twice daily and will be taken at home&#10;C)Is expensive, but covered by health insurance&#10;D)None of these are important in choosing a drug&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of In deciding which drug to use to...

Deck 3: Rational Drug Selection