Question 1

A four-week-old infant has been diagnosed with chlamydial pneumonia. An appropriate treatment for his pneumonia would be:&#10;A)Levofloxacin&#10;B)Amoxicillin&#10;C)Azithromycin&#10;D)Cephalexin&#10;

Accepted Answer

Azithromycin is the appropriate treatment for chlamydial pneumonia in infants, as it is effective against Chlamydia trachomatis and is safe for use in this age group.

Question 2

If an adult patient with comorbidities cannot reliably take oral antibiotics to treat pneumonia, an appropriate initial treatment option would be:&#10;A)Intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM)&#10;B)IV or IM ceftriaxone&#10;C)IV amoxicillin&#10;D)IV ciprofloxacin&#10;

Accepted Answer

Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic that can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly, making it a suitable initial treatment option for pneumonia in patients who cannot take oral medications. It covers a wide range of bacteria commonly responsible for pneumonia.

Question 3

A 14-year-old patient presents to the clinic with symptoms consistent with mycoplasma pneumonia. What is the treatment for suspected mycoplasma pneumonia in an adolescent?&#10;A)Ceftriaxone&#10;B)Azithromycin&#10;C)Ciprofloxacin&#10;D)Levofloxacin&#10;E) Pneumonia&#10;

Accepted Answer

Azithromycin is the treatment of choice for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, especially in children and adolescents, due to its effectiveness and safety profile.

Question 4

Adults with pneumonia who are responding to antimicrobial therapy should show improvement in their clinical status in:&#10;A)12 to 24 hours&#10;B)24 to 36 hours&#10;C)48 to 72 hours&#10;D)Four or five days&#10;

Accepted Answer

Improvement in clinical status for adults with pneumonia who are responding to antimicrobial therapy typically occurs within 48 to 72 hours. This timeframe allows for the antibiotics to effectively reduce the bacterial load, leading to a decrease in symptoms.

Question 5

The first-line antibiotic choice for a patient with comorbidities or who is immunosuppressed who has pneumonia and can be treated as an outpatient would be:&#10;A)Levofloxacin&#10;B)Amoxicillin&#10;C)Ciprofloxacin&#10;D)Cephalexin&#10;

Accepted Answer

Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that has broad-spectrum activity, including coverage for common pathogens responsible for community-acquired pneumonia. It is often chosen for outpatient treatment of pneumonia in patients with comorbidities or who are immunosuppressed because of its effectiveness against a wide range of bacteria and its good penetration into lung tissues.

Question 6

The most common bacterial pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia is:&#10;A)Haemophilus influenzae&#10;B)Staphylococcus aureus&#10;C)Mycoplasma pneumoniae&#10;D)Streptococcus pneumoniae&#10;

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial pathogen causing community-acquired pneumonia, responsible for a significant proportion of cases.

Question 7

Along with prescribing antibiotics, adults with pneumonia should be instructed on lifestyle modifications to improve outcomes, including:&#10;A)Adequate fluid intake&#10;B)Increased fiber intake&#10;C)Bedrest for the first 24 hours&#10;D)All of the above&#10;

Accepted Answer

Adequate fluid intake helps thin out secretions, making it easier for the lungs to clear them, which is crucial in the management of pneumonia. Increased fiber intake and strict bedrest are not specifically recommended as part of pneumonia management.

Question 8

A 34-week-pregnant female has been diagnosed with pneumonia. She is stable enough to be treated as an outpatient. What would be an appropriate antibiotic to prescribe?&#10;A)Levofloxacin&#10;B)Azithromycin&#10;C)Amoxicillin&#10;D)Doxycycline&#10;

Accepted Answer

Azithromycin is considered safe during pregnancy and is effective for treating pneumonia.

Question 9

The first-line drug choice for a previously healthy adult patient diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia would be:&#10;A)Ciprofloxacin&#10;B)Azithromycin&#10;C)Amoxicillin&#10;D)Doxycycline&#10;

Accepted Answer

Azithromycin is the first-line drug choice for a previously healthy adult patient diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia because it is effective against the most common causative organisms, has good tissue penetration, and is well-tolerated.

Question 10

A four-year-old patient has suspected bacterial pneumonia. He has a temperature of 102°F, oxygen saturation level of 95%, and is taking fluids adequately. What would be appropriate initial treatment for his pneumonia?

A)Ceftriaxone
B)Azithromycin
C)Cephalexin
D)Levofloxacin

Accepted Answer

Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that is commonly used to treat bacterial pneumonia in children.

Deck 45: Pneumonia