Deck 15: Interactions: Food and Nutrients Versus Medications and Supplements

Question 1

A nurse is teaching a seminar on appropriate uses of nutritional supplements. Which people should the nurse discourage from using ginkgo biloba?
1)Clients using oral contraceptives
2)Clients who take aspirin regularly
3)Clients who take antivirals to treat HIV
4)Clients who take calcium supplements

Answer 1

2

Question 2

A client is receiving anticoagulation therapy with warfarin. What dietary changes should the nurse instruct?
1)Increased broccoli consumption
2)Increased kale consumption
3)Limited consumption of bananas
4)Limited consumption of raw spinach

Answer 2

4

Question 3

A nurse is educating a client on the effects of niacin. Which of the following statements by the nurse is true? Select all that apply.
1)Niacin decreases the efficacy of warfarin.
2)Niacin should not be taken with aspirin.
3)Niacin decreases the absorption of tetracycline.
4)Naproxen decreases bleeding risk when taken with niacin.
5)Niacin may cause hypotension when taken with certain drugs.

Answer 3

2, 3, 5

Question 4

Which food can be moderately consumed on a tyramine-restricted diet?
1)Gouda cheese
2)Bananas
3)Bologna
4)Chocolate

Question 5

A nurse is conducting a nutrition assessment of a client. The client reports taking multiple nutritional supplements to maintain good health. The client has not gained or lost weight in the last several years, eats a balanced diet, and only consumes alcohol occasionally. Which factor may cause the nurse to request further nutritional assessment?
1)Weight history
2)Diet
3)Nutritional supplement regimen
4)Alcohol consumption

Question 6

A nurse is making follow-up calls on recently discharged clients. Which of the following clients is most at-risk for a food and drug interaction?
1)Geriatric client who takes blood thinners
2)Adolescent client who occasionally takes ibuprofen
3)Pediatric client prescribed tetracycline
4)Adult client who takes St. John's wort

Question 7

A client has just been prescribed tetracycline. Which instructions should a nurse give?
1)This is safe to take 30 minutes before drinking milk.
2)Take with a meal.
3)Take 2 hours after consuming red meat.
4)This is safe to take with laxatives.

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a female client who is of childbearing age. The client notes that she has struggled with depression in the past, so she takes St. John's wort rather than pharmaceutical antidepressants. What statements should the nurse make? Select all that apply.
1)Be sure to use a barrier method of contraception.
2)Consult your health-care provider prior to starting anticoagulants.
3)You are at increased risk for serotonin syndrome.
4)You should avoid taking tetracycline.
5)You should notify your health-care provider if you develop a heart condition.

Question 9

A nurse is caring for a client who takes ginkgo biloba. Which other questions should the nurse ask to assess the client's assessment and medication use? Select all that apply.
1)How long have you used this product?
2)Do you take medications for any heart conditions?
3)Do you take any medications for depression?
4)Do you take any OTC products for allergies?
5)Do you ever take OTC medications for pain or inflammation?

Question 10

Which of the following contributes to lack of standardization in the potency of herbal supplements? Select all that apply.
1)Species of plant used
2)Part of the plant used
3)Inclusion of heavy metals
4)Time of harvest
5)Storage conditions

Question 11

A nurse is educating a group of highly active student athletes at a local college. Which information should the nurse share with the group? Select all that apply.
1)Always consume a bagel or banana 5 minutes before a game.
2)Consuming milk may help you gain lean muscle.
3)If you are an endurance athlete, you should consume 1.7 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight.
4)Specially formulated sports drinks should be consumed after 30 minutes of intense exercise.
5)Drink 8 ounces of water 15 minutes prior to activity.

Question 12

A nurse is teaching a client that interactions between medications and food or nutrients may happen prior to administration. Which type of reaction does this describe?
1)Type I
2)Type II
3)Type III
4)Type IV

Question 13

A nurse is educating a client who takes a zinc supplement. Which medications should the nurse inform the client to avoid or take separately from this supplement? Select all that apply.
1)Tetracycline
2)Ciprofloxacin
3)Phenobarbital
4)Nitrous oxide
5)Corticosteroids

Question 14

A nurse is counseling a client who is a marathon runner. Which statement made by the nurse is correct?
1)We should be able to manage your nutrient needs with dietary supplements.
2)You should consume 10 to 12 grams of carbohydrates per kilogram of your body weight in the days before your race.
3)Your nutrient needs will be lower than the AMDR.
4)Ideally, you should consume 30 grams of grits 5 minutes prior to the race.

Question 15

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking niacin for high cholesterol. The client notes that he sometimes takes aspirin to alleviate headaches. How should the nurse respond?
1)"Aspirin can cause hypotension when taken with niacin."
2)"Most OTC pain killers are okay to take with niacin."
3)"Aspirin may limit the effectiveness of niacin."
4)"Do not take aspirin while taking niacin."

Question 16

A health-care provider has just ordered that a client should discontinue use of an MAOI. Which statements made by a nurse to the client are accurate? Select all that apply.
1)You can drink moderate amounts of hot chocolate.
2)It is okay to consume anchovies now.
3)You can begin to increase your consumption of wine and beer.
4)You should avoid avocados.
5)You can consume moderate amounts of yogurt.

Question 17

A client has just been prescribed phenelzine. Which of the following foods should the client avoid?
1)Bread
2)Figs
3)American cheese
4)Coffee

Question 18

A nurse is caring for a client who notes that he takes St. John's wort regularly. Which medication is contraindicated for this client?
1)Paroxetine
2)Tetracycline
3)Carbamazepine
4)Phenytoin

Question 19

A nurse is caring for a student who has received a scholarship to play soccer in college. Which information shared by the nurse is accurate? Select all that apply.
1)Most ergogenic aids are safe and effective.
2)You may benefit from taking sodium bicarbonate.
3)Creatine is a type of protein substitute.
4)Certain ergogenic aids may cause unwanted side effects.
5)Caffeine stimulates muscles to use fat as fuel.

Question 20

A nurse is caring for a female geriatric client. The client takes medication for type 2 diabetes and arthritis. During assessment, the client notes that she consumes orange juice each morning with breakfast and takes a St. John's wort supplement. Which factors place this client at-risk for food and drug interactions? Select all that apply.
1)The client's age
2)The client's consumption of orange juice
3)The client's use of St. John's wort supplement
4)The client's gender
5)The client's medication regimen