Deck 9: Noncommunicable Diseases

Question 1

When screening a patient for NCD risk, a nurse reviews the social determinants of health, including which of the following?

A)The social gradient
B)Early life
C)Work life
D)All of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

Nurses working with patients who have chronic noncommunicable disease (NCDs) assess them based on specific risk factors. The four common modifiable risk factors that account for much of the NCDs in the US are:

A)Poor nutrition, low physical activity, medication adherence, and tobacco use.
B)Poor nutrition, low physical activity, tobacco use and alcohol use.
C)Low physical activity, tobacco use, illicit drug use, and poor nutrition.
D)Age, tobacco use, poor nutrition and low physical activity.

Answer 2

Poor nutrition, low physical activity, tobacco use and alcohol use.

Question 3

In caring for patients with noncommunicable diseases (NCD), nurses must not only understand the pathophysiology of the disease but also:

A)Focus solely on the acute stage of disease.
B)Understand the disease from a public health perspective.
C)Conduct research related to treatment of the disease.
D)Focus solely on primary prevention.

Answer 3

Understand the disease from a public health perspective.

Question 4

A PHN evaluating an increase in lung cancer cases in a certain area would conduct which of the following epidemiological studies to help understand the rising incidence in cases? Select all that apply.

A)Conduct a retrospective cohort study.
B)Examine hospital discharge data.
C)Examine cancer registry data.
D)Conduct a clinical trial to test the intervention chosen.
E)Examine results of a health related quality-of-life questionnaire.

Question 5

Nurses working with patients who have a noncommunicable disease (NCD) consider it important to know about the burden of disease associated with a specific disease primarily because it does which of the following? Select all that apply.

A)Takes into account what impact the disease will have on the community as a whole
B)Provides an overview of the disease's social and economic impact
C)Helps determine promotion and prevention efforts targeting most common NCDs
D)Does not take into account the cost of treatment
E)Is specific to disease only and does not include injury

Question 6

When a nurse works with a patient diagnosed with heart disease to help build a plan for long term management of the disease, which of the following is not one of the common behavioral level risk factors that the patient can modify?

A)Tobacco use
B)Access to health-care services
C)Amount of exercise
D)Nutrition

Question 7

When the nurse is applying the chronic care model when seeing patients, she or he is:

A)Focused on treating an acute care phase of the NCD.
B)Focused on short-term management of the disease.
C)Focused on long-term management of disease.
D)Focused on a primary prevention framework.

Question 8

To educate their patients about the risks of developing NCDs, nurses might share which of the following facts?

A)The five leading causes of death in the United States are NCDs.
B)Risk for NCD is not affected by individual behaviors, the environment, and socioeconomic factors.
C)Prevention occurs across the continuum starting with primary prevention during the perinatal period through tertiary prevention measures such as chronic disease self-management (CDSM) programs.
D)Both A and C

Question 9

Cardiovascular nurses know that over a third of adults have two or more risk factors for heart disease and stroke, which may include:

A)High blood pressure.
B)An inactive lifestyle.
C)Both A and B.
D)Normal body weight.

Question 10

Nurses working with diabetes patients know that this noncommunicable chronic disease (NCD) has which of the following characteristics? Select all that apply.

A)It cannot be prevented by a vaccination.
B)It cannot be cured by a medication.
C)It requires long-term management.
D)It is not affected by weight.
E)It does not require lifestyle changes such as regular exercise.

Question 11

A public health nurse (PHN) employs which two type of studies to help determine whether specific risk factors are associated with the development of disease?

A)Case-control study, cohort study
B)Cohort study, cross-sectional survey
C)Cross-sectional study, case-control study
D)Clinical trial, cross-sectional survey

Question 12

A nurse working in a community clinic understands that lack of access to health care can increase the risk for morbidity and mortality related to NCD. Which of the following is not associated with access to care?

A)Available transportation to services
B)Adequate health insurance
C)Adherence to medication regimen
D)Number of health-care providers in the community

Question 13

A PHN, concerned about the increase in NCDs in a community, could include in his/her assessment of the community which of the following?

A)Socioeconomic risk
B)Genetic predispositions
C)Behavioral factors
D)All of the above

Question 14

A cardiovascular nurse working at a large medical center is examining the evidence on how to help her patients who smoke. Which of the following is an evidenced-based behavioral level intervention aimed at reducing harm associated with tobacco use?

A)Implementing a campus free smoking environment policy at the medical center
B)Offering a smoking cessation counseling program to her patients
C)Advocating for stricter package warnings on cigarette packages
D)Asking the public health department to put up billboards near schools to promote prevention of smoking in adolescents

Question 15

A nurse working in a hospital oncology unit notices that the number of lung cancer admissions seems to have increased in a particular zip code. What is the first step the nurse should take to help determine what may be causing the increase?

A)Begin a review of medical records to determine whether there is an actual increase in patients admitted with this diagnosis.
B)Contact the public health department to let them know of the possible increase.
C)Form a team to develop an intervention.
D)Examine possible common exposures among identified cases in the zip code.

Question 16

Nurses working to prevent development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) encourage their patients to reduce their risk by all of the following, except:

A)Incorporating healthy eating habits.
B)Getting genetic testing.
C)Getting regular preventive screenings.
D)Exercising regularly.