Deck 32: The Early Industrial Revolution

Question 1

One of the main items produced by early factories that changed peoples' lives for the better was

A) trousers.
B) shoes.
C) shirts.
D) blouses.
E) underwear.

Answer 1

underwear.

Question 2

Describe and discuss ways in which family life and social patterns changed in the face of the new changes brought about industrialization and urbanization in society.

Answer 2

Answers would include a discussion children,changes in age of marriage,higher mortality,relations between men and women,relations between upper and middle classes,women and families in the workplace,urbanization,and migration.

Question 3

Which of the following explains why some areas did not industrialize?

A) They did not possess enough Enlightenment thinkers.
B) The church was not as powerful in some areas.
C) Monarchs would not support any institution that gave commoners any economic power.
D) Those areas that did not industrialize did not possess one or more of the factors needed for success.
E) None of the options are correct.

Answer 3

Those areas that did not industrialize did not possess one or more of the factors needed for success.

Question 4

The most urgent need facing industrialized cities in the nineteenth century was

A) state sponsored education.
B) better roads.
C) less vacant housing.
D) sanitation.
E) greater food supply.

Question 5

The most experienced entrepreneurs in the 18?? century were the

A) Spanish.
B) Dutch.
C) Russians.
D) English.
E) Americans.

Question 6

Describe and discuss the trends that encouraged the Industrial Revolution in Europe.

Question 7

In the mid-1700s,but before industrialization reached its stride,

A) men and women began to marry later.
B) more people lived to an older age.
C) the rate of out-of-wedlock births decreased.
D) extended families tended to live together in one household.
E) women usually married at the average of twenty-seven.

Question 8

With the advent of factory production,workers

A) enjoyed better working conditions.
B) had less say in salary matters.
C) became almost like slaves.
D) had more say in salary matters.
E) were still the employers' working partners.

Question 9

The one thing most instrumental in bringing about modern agriculture was

A) enclosures replacing open fields.
B) crop rotation.
C) manure fertilizers.
D) hybrid seed.
E) the heavy plow.

Question 10

As agricultural improvements spread from Holland to Britain,landlords there

A) waited to see how successful the Dutch would be.
B) made few changes that brought somewhat increased crop yields for local villagers.
C) enthusiastically adopted the new techniques and began to produce crops for sale in the cities.
D) hesitated to change methods, concerned about what would happen to their loyal workers.
E) rejected the enclosed field system, because their plots of land were so small.

Question 11

Which of the following was true of early railroads?

A) The first line in Britain connected a coastal industrial town with an inland mining community.
B) By 1850, trains could travel at the incredible speed of 70 miles per hours.
C) Running railroads was expensive, with the result that many early entrepreneurs went bankrupt.
D) In many countries, the government assumed the responsibility of building and running railroads.
E) Most European countries were building railroads by the 1840s, with the notable exception of Russia.

Question 12

Discuss England's lead in the Industrial Revolution and what specific role did the railroad play?

Question 13

Briefly outline the early Industrial Revolution.

Question 14

Explain changes in health and living standards brought about by industrialization and urbanization.

Question 15

At what age were children viewed as assets?

A) 2
B) 5
C) 7
D) 10
E) 20

Question 16

Jean Jacques Rousseau was one of several reformers who encouraged parents to

A) discipline their children strictly.
B) lavish more love and affection on their children.
C) see that children received a decent education.
D) care for their children even though they might well not live to adulthood.
E) care for their children so that their children would care for them in their old age.

Question 17

Examine the implications of the advent of machine technology and of the factory system.

Question 18

Which of the following was not a prerequisite for industrial production?

A) Increased world trade.
B) An expansion in the flow of money.
C) Increased population.
D) A monopoly on the invention of new products.
E) Experienced managers and entrepreneurs.

Question 19

The two basic raw materials controlled by Britain were

A) flax and peat.
B) coal and cotton.
C) cotton and flax.
D) oil and iron.
E) silk and sugar.

Question 20

During the mid-1700s,most people believed that moving up in society during one's lifetime was

A) unrealistic.
B) impossible.
C) easily accomplished.
D) extremely uncommon.
E) do-able if one worked hard.

Question 21

Which of the following actually changed least during the 1800s?

A) Medical care
B) Education
C) Diet and nutrition
D) Economic opportunity
E) Agriculture

Question 22

The key to industrialization as a mechanical process was ____________________.

Question 23

The general attitude toward infants and young children before the 18?? century was one of

A) outgoing concern.
B) acknowledgment of their value.
C) emotional detachment.
D) indulgence.
E) cheerful optimism.

Question 24

The Second Industrial Revolution was powered by

A) American ingenuity.
B) electricity.
C) coal.
D) British determination.
E) steam.

Question 25

Changes in social habits after 1750 were most likely due to

A) science competing with religion due to the Enlightenment.
B) a resurgence in Puritanism.
C) increased overseas trade.
D) a global economic depression.
E) the Enlightenment's stress on education.

Question 26

The English census of 1851 revealed that,for the first time,

A) Britain's economy dominated Europe.
B) Manchester surpassed London as a population center.
C) a majority of Britain's population lived in urban areas.
D) the male population surpassed that of the female.
E) England no longer had a frontier.

Question 27

The first significant commercial railroads linked the British industrial centers of ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 28

The basic aim of industrial production is to

A) provide more employment opportunities for the labor force.
B) allow a greater variety of jobs.
C) lower the unit cost of production.
D) discipline and organize the labor force more efficiently.
E) move farm workers into cities to work in factories.

Question 29

____________________ was the inventor of the "Spinning Jenny."

Question 30

The most significant addition to the diet of the European poor of the 18?? century was

A) citrus fruit.
B) melons.
C) the potato.
D) maize.
E) rice.

Question 31

In 18??-19?? century Europe,servants

A) were found in almost every household.
B) were on the decline as a class.
C) were found only in upper-class households.
D) included only women.
E) were male only.

Question 32

During the early Industrial Age,middle class families

A) sought to acquire the trappings of wealth displayed by society's elite.
B) began to consider revolutions that would be undertaken to "balance" society better.
C) spent most of their time working and caring for each other.
D) saw their living standards increase substantially.
E) spent a great deal of time traveling and entertaining.

Question 33

Most of the population that began migrating from rural to urban areas might be classified as

A) middle aged.
B) uneducated.
C) young.
D) religious.
E) female.

Question 34

The number one cause of death in Britain in the 19?? century was which of the following?

A) Smallpox
B) Tuberculosis
C) Malaria
D) Scurvy
E) Bubonic plague

Question 35

In the 18?? century,an unmarried woman was generally

A) ignored.
B) exploited.
C) respected.
D) institutionalized.
E) forced into a nunnery.

Question 36

In the Industrial Age,the gap between the rich and poor

A) widened.
B) was flexible.
C) shrunk.
D) remained constant.
E) None of the options are correct.

Question 37

In early 19?? century British factories,young girls were most often employed as machinists because

A) they would work harder.
B) they were more intelligent.
C) they were generally skilled.
D) they would work for lower wages.
E) they could crawl through machinery to make repairs.

Question 38

The first phase of the Industrial Revolution was marked by all of the following EXCEPT

A) chemical industries.
B) use of steam power.
C) prominence of England.
D) production of textiles.
E) factories.

Question 39

The governing class in Western European cities in the 18?? century was composed of

A) the aristocracy and the wealthiest commoners, who had intermarried.
B) the military commanders responsible to the royal government.
C) the masses of urban commoners who had obtained the vote.
D) the hereditary aristocracy.
E) the few young people who were financially able to attend universities.

Question 40

Cotton came mainly from British colonies in ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 41

Until the 18?? century,the ____________________ rate among infants and younger children was extremely high.

Question 42

The ____________________ Wars long acted to hinder continental European industrial development.

Question 43

As time passed,____________________ and ____________________ replaced adult and family units in unskilled factory positions.

Question 44

The very earliest factories were often staffed by entire ____________________.

Question 45

Before the 18?? century,the usual attitude toward ____________________ in a family was mixture of caution and indifference.

Question 46

The ____________________ Acts (1819 and 1833)limited the employment of minors.