Deck 10: Neuropsychological Assessment and Screening

Question 1

(An)_______ is an elongated structure wrapped in a myelin sheath that serves to conduct electrochemical impulses.

A) synaptic cleft
B) axon
C) meninge
D) medulla

Answer 1

axon

Question 2

The brain contains more than________ neurons.

A) 100 million
B) 100 billion
C) 100 trillion
D) 100 quadrillion

Answer 2

100 billion

Question 3

The brain contains a complicated system of fluid-filled caverns called

A) ventricles
B) canals
C) CSF aqueducts
D) none of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The major commissure that serves to integrate the functions of the two cerebral hemispheres is the

A) thalamus
B) hypothalamus
C) corpus callosum
D) basal ganglia

Question 5

_____can eventually result if the flow of cerebrospinal fluid becomes constricted.

A) Intellectual Disability
B) Hydrocephalus
C) Enlargement of the skull
D) all of the above

Question 6

Suppose a patient with a severed corpus callosum has a picture of an apple presented briefly to the left of the visual fixation point. What will the patient report seeing?

A) "nothing"
B) "an apple"
C) "half an apple"
D) none of the above

Question 7

The grooves in the brain are called

A) sulci
B) fissures
C) gyri
D) cortical folds

Question 8

The________ is the outermost layer of the brain and is involved in the highest level of cognitive processing.

A) cerebral cortex
B) thalamus
C) pons
D) meninges

Question 9

The central nervous system consists of

A) the brain
B) the brain and spinal cord
C) the brain, spinal cord, and motor nerves
D) the brain, spinal cord, motor nerves, and sensory nerves

Question 10

Touch is processed in the_____ lobe.

A) frontal
B) temporal
C) occipital
D) parietal

Question 11

Vision is processed in the____ lobe.

A) frontal
B) temporal
C) occipital
D) parietal

Question 12

The two internal carotids and the basilar artery all feed into

A) the central artery
B) the heart
C) the Circle of Willis
D) none of the above

Question 13

Hearing is processed in the______ lobe.

A) frontal
B) temporal
C) occipital
D) parietal

Question 14

In addition to neurons, the brain consists of ______cells.

A) glial
B) somatype
C) prion
D) none of the above

Question 15

What protects the brain?

A) the skull
B) cerebrospinal fluid
C) meninges
D) all of the above

Question 16

A single neuron can transmit neural impulses approximately______ times a second.

A) 10
B) 100
C) 1,000
D) 10,000

Question 17

The brain weighs roughly pounds.

A) 3
B) 5
C) 7
D) 9

Question 18

A cerebrovascular accident CVA) in which an artery in the brain becomes obstructed is called

A) an aneurysm
B) an infarct
C) a hemorrhage
D) hydrocephalus

Question 19

The prominent bulges in the brain are called

A) sulci
B) fissures
C) gyri
D) cortical folds

Question 20

What is the most common disorder of demyelinization?

A) Parkinson's
B) Multiple sclerosis
C) Alzheimer's
D) Cerebral palsy

Question 21

The basal ganglia are traditionally considered to be part of the________ system.

A) auditory
B) visual
C) motor
D) none of the above

Question 22

Cranial nerves are

A) exclusively sensory
B) exclusively motor
C) both sensory and motor
D) none of the above

Question 23

In recalling what you had for breakfast this morning, you would be using _______.

A) semantic memory
B) working memory
C) procedural memory
D) episodic memory

Question 24

A small stroke in the _______may cause a partial loss of pain and temperature sense.

A) lateral geniculate
B) precentral gyrus
C) medulla
D) cerebellum

Question 25

There are _______paired cranial nerves.

A) 4
B) 8
C) 12
D) 16

Question 26

You would be using______ to remember the digits of a phone number just long enough to make the call.

A) semantic memory
B) working memory
C) procedural memory
D) episodic memory

Question 27

General arousal and consciousness is governed by the

A) lateral geniculate
B) precentral gyrus
C) reticular formation
D) frontal lobes

Question 28

________and ______are two key brain structures in learning and memory.

A) Hippocampus; amygdala
B) Basal ganglia; substantia nigra
C) Pons; amygdala
D) Wernicke's area; pons

Question 29

The medulla oblongata is in the

A) hindbrain
B) midbrain
C) forebrain
D) none of the above

Question 30

The _____________acts to maintain the eyes on a fixed target when the head is rotated, which keeps vision from becoming blurred.

A) oculormotor reflex
B) vestibuloocular reflex
C) abducens
D) vagus

Question 31

________has been likened to a "spotlight" that our brain uses to identify what is relevant and ignore what is irrelevant.

A) Consciousness
B) Awareness
C) Attention
D) Visual search

Question 32

The ______coordinates the details of automatic, skilled movements.

A) lateral geniculate
B) precentral gyrus
C) medulla
D) cerebellum

Question 33

_______is a collection of nuclei in the forebrain, which is considered a part of the motor system, consisting of the caudate, putamen, and globaus pallidus.

A) The medula
B) The basal ganglia
C) The limbic system
D) Broca's area

Question 34

Movement is processed in the_____ lobe.

A) frontal
B) temporal
C) occipital
D) parietal

Question 35

_________attention is the simplest and most primitive form of attention, related to the "fight or flight" reflex.

A) Orienting
B) Selective
C) Divided
D) Sustained

Question 36

Simple life functions such as breathing are controlled by the

A) hindbrain
B) midbrain
C) forebrain
D) none of the above

Question 37

The characteristic wide-based gait found in many chronic alcoholics is a consequence of degeneration in the

A) lateral geniculate
B) precentral gyrus
C) medulla
D) cerebellum

Question 38

Parkinson's disease is caused by damage to the

A) thalamus
B) hypothalamus
C) amygdala
D) basal ganglia

Question 39

Suppose a head-injured patient could finger tap 67 times in ten seconds with the left hand, but only 27 times in ten seconds with the right hand. In which cerebral hemisphere might you suspect a lesion?

A) right
B) left
C) both
D) neither-damage is probably subcortical

Question 40

Swallowing is under the control of the

A) thalamus
B) frontal lobes
C) medulla oblongata
D) temporal lobes

Question 41

_______was the patient who had the front section of his temporal lobes removed and who consequently lost all ability to remember anything new for more than a few minutes.

A) H. M.
B) Phineas Gage
C) Wernicke
D) none of the above

Question 42

Executive functioning involves

A) volition
B) planning
C) effective performance
D) all of the above

Question 43

A very small lesion in the occipital lobe might produce

A) a scotoma
B) visual tracking problems
C) blurring in the opposite-sided eye
D) blurring in the same-sided eye

Question 44

Bilateral frontal lobe damage can lead to

A) decreased spontaneity
B) deficits in self-awareness
C) a concrete attitude
D) all of the above

Question 45

A patient with damage to _______might respond fluently, "Book, a husbelt, a king of prepator, find it in front of a car ready to be directed."

A) Wernicke's area
B) the right parietal lobe
C) Broca's area
D) the left parietal lobe

Question 46

All visual stimuli in the left field of vision left of the reader's fixation point) are first processed

A) in the left temporal lobe
B) in the right temporal lobe
C) in the left occipital lobe
D) in the right occipital lobe

Question 47

Difficulty in recognizing drawings, objects, or faces is known as a type of

A) apraxia
B) alexia
C) agnosia
D) none of the above

Question 48

Slow, labored speech is caused by damage to

A) Wernicke's area
B) the right parietal lobe
C) Broca's area
D) the left parietal lobe

Question 49

Feeding and sexual behavior are governed by the

A) thalamus
B) hypothalamus
C) amygdala
D) none of the above

Question 50

The _______system is a "primitive" central brain system involved in emotions and basic survival drives.

A) parasympathetic
B) sympathetic
C) limbic
D) vagus

Question 51

Prosopagnosia is the inability to

A) recall long-term memories
B) recognize familiar faces
C) verbally string words together
D) comprehend words

Question 52

The impaired ability to deal with spatial relationships either in a two- or three- dimensional framework is known as

A) constructional dyspraxia
B) dimensional alexia
C) agnosia
D) none of the above

Question 53

The most common cause of frontal lobe damage is

A) tumor
B) drugs
C) trauma
D) none of the above

Question 54

Goal formulation and planning take place especially in the______ lobes.

A) frontal
B) temporal
C) occipital
D) parietal

Question 55

Atrophy of the mamillary bodies is found in

A) degenerative diseases
B) alcoholism
C) head trauma
D) cerebrovascular disorders

Question 56

Typically, frontal lobe lesions cause______ in measured IQ.

A) huge decrements
B) little change
C) marked improvement
D) unpredictable changes

Question 57

Damage to the________ will cause serious reading disability, but there will be little problem in comprehending speech or in speaking.

A) angular gyrus
B) lateral geniculate
C) arcuate fasciculus
D) lateral tract

Question 58

In most persons, language functions are

A) lateralized to the left hemisphere
B) shared equally by both hemispheres
C) lateralized to the right hemisphere
D) directly linked to handedness

Question 59

Executive functioning is substantially underwritten by the lobes.

A) frontal
B) temporal
C) occipital
D) parietal

Question 60

The connection between Wernicke's and Broca's areas is called the

A) corpus callosum
B) lateral geniculate
C) arcuate fasciculus
D) lateral tract

Question 61

At any given time, ______percent of the adult population manifests an alcohol disorder.

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 10

Question 62

This test is especially useful in detecting an aneurysm.

A) electroencephalography
B) cerebral angiography
C) computerized transaxial tomography
D) positron emission tomography

Question 63

Diffuse axonal injury is common in

A) degenerative diseases
B) alcoholism
C) head trauma
D) cerebrovascular disorders

Question 64

This test is one of the core measures of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery.

A) Category Test
B) Continuous Performance Test
C) Subtracting Serial Sevens
D) Bender Gestalt Test

Question 65

A________ and______ approaches to neuropsychological assessment.

A) fixed; flexible
B) standardized; subjective
C) objective; projective
D) sensory; perceptual battery are the two main

Question 66

Multi-infarct dementia is a form of

A) degenerative disease
B) alcoholism
C) head trauma
D) cerebrovascular disorder

Question 67

Neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are common in

A) Parkinson's disease
B) Wernicke-Korsakoff's syndrome
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) Vascular dementia

Question 68

What battery 1950s) do many neuropsychologists still consider the "gold standard" in the field?

A) Neuropsychological Assessment Battery
B) Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery
C) Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery
D) Rivermead Neuropsychological Battery

Question 69

If an individual experienced a closed head injury after a hard blow to the head, they may receive a contusion

A) underneath the site of impact
B) on the opposite side of the impact
C) in the undersurfaces of the frontal lobe
D) all of the above

Question 70

An examinee who finds it difficult to process touch in the right hand may have a lesion in the

A) left precentral gyrus
B) left postcentral gyrus
C) right precentral gyrus
D) right postcentral gyrus

Question 71

Neoplastic disease is a form of

A) neuronal degeneration
B) electrochemical dampening
C) tumorous growth
D) cardiovascular constriction

Question 72

This test requires the patient to be injected with a radioactively tagged form of glucose and it measures activity level, not structure.

A) electroencephalography
B) cerebral angiography
C) computerized transaxial tomography
D) positron emission tomography

Question 73

This test is especially useful in diagnosing seizure disorders.

A) electroencephalography
B) cerebral angiography
C) computerized transaxial tomography
D) positron emission tomography

Question 74

The neurocognitive impairment marked by a build-up of spinal fluid in the skull is:

A) Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
B) Neoplastic Disease
C) Traumatic Brain Injury
D) Somatosensory Input

Question 75

Extreme alcohol consumption, atrophy of the medial thalamus and mamillary bodies, and memory loss characterize

A) Parkinson's disease
B) Wernicke-Korsakoff's syndrome
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) Hachinski's syndrome

Question 76

The trials of the Benton Finger Localization Test consist of the following procedure:

A) with the hand visible, identifying single fingers touched by the examiner with the pointed end of a pencil
B) with the hand hidden from view, identifying single fingers touched by the examiner
C) with the hand hidden from view, identifying pairs of fingers simultaneously touched by the examiner
D) all of the above

Question 77

One population that is particularly susceptible to Traumatic Brain Injury is:

A) middle school students
B) elementary school students
C) the military
D) factory workers

Question 78

Possible reversal of neurocognitive impairments due to prolonged alcohol abuse is possible if:

A) patients remain on common antidepressants for several years
B) patients attend AA meetings or similar treatments for extended time period
C) patients utilize physical therapy for extended time period
D) patients remain abstinent for an extended time period

Question 79

The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery includes

A) Tactual Performance Test
B) Grip Strength
C) Seashore Rhythm Test
D) all of the above

Question 80

________is a movement disorder which includes tremors and depletion of dopamine and neuron loss in the basal ganglia.

A) Parkinson's disease
B) Wernicke-Korsakoff's syndrome
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) Vascular dementia