Deck 20: Respiratory Inflammation and Infection

Question 1

Which bacterium is responsible for pneumonia in a client with HIV infection?
1)Pneumocystis carinii
2)Pneumocystis jiroveci
3)Mycobacterium tuberculosis
4)Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 1

2

Question 2

A client is diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. Which medication does the nurse expect the primary health-care provider to prescribe as a treatment?
1)Penicillin
2)Corticosteroid anti-inflammatory nasal spray
3)Mucolytic preparations
4)Acetaminophen

Answer 2

2

Question 3

The nurse educator is teaching staff nurses about pneumonia. Which statement shows proper learning about pneumonia by an attending nurse?
1)"Pneumonia causes more deaths in the United States than any other infection."
2)"Hospital-associated pneumonia (HAP) is contracted immediately with hospital admission."
3)"The Pseudomonas microorganism is responsible for pneumonia that is spread by water."
4)"The risk of HAP is exclusive to clients who are on a respirator."

Answer 3

1

Question 4

While examining a client, the primary health-care provider finds the client has symptoms that include cough, fever, sore throat, and general malaise. Physical assessment findings include mucus production and rhonchi. Which treatment does the primary health-care provider administer to the client?
1)Bronchodilator and antibiotics
2)IV fluids and humidified oxygen
3)Antibiotics and surgical treatment
4)Adequate hydration and nutrition

Question 5

While reviewing a client's prescriptions, the nurse finds that the primary health-care provider has prescribed antihistamines and antipyretics. The nurse observes that a corticosteroid anti-inflammatory nasal spray has also been advised in the prescription. Which condition does the nurse infer from the prescriptions?
1)The prescription provides medication for pharyngitis.
2)The prescription provides medication for sinusitis.
3)The prescription provides medication for rhinitis.
4)The prescription provides medication for tonsillitis.

Question 6

During assessment of a client's physical findings, the nurse ascertains the client has red, swollen, inflamed pharynx and tonsils. Which condition does the nurse suspect?
1)Laryngitis
2)Acute bronchitis
3)Lung abscess
4)Epiglottitis

Question 7

Which pulmonary condition is caused by infiltration of bacteria, resulting in a localized area of purulent inflammation, tissue necrosis, and a central area of liquefaction?
1)Lung abscess
2)Myringitis
3)Tuberculosis
4)Tracheitis

Question 8

The health-care provider prescribes continuous monitoring of a client's oxygen saturation of hemoglobin. Which method of monitoring does the nurse initiate?
1)Bronchoscopy
2)Computerized tomography
3)Pulse oximetry
4)Arterial blood gases

Question 9

While studying the vocal resonance in the client's physical assessment report, the nurse observes that the egophony, bronchophony, and whispered pectoriloquy are bringing out a crackle in the client's voice. Which condition does the nurse identify from the readings?
1)The client is suffering from acute bronchitis.
2)The client is suffering from pneumonia.
3)The client is suffering from lung abscess.
4)The client is suffering from tuberculosis (TB).

Question 10

Which condition results in lung tissue filling up with fluid or pus, inflammatory cells, and fibrin?
1)Pneumonia
2)Acute bronchitis
3)Tracheitis
4)Acute rhinitis

Question 11

During the physical assessment of a client, the primary health-care provider observes facial pain. The client states the pain gets worse when leaning forward. Which conclusion does the primary health-care provider reach about the client's diagnosis?
1)Sinusitis
2)Pharyngitis
3)Epiglottitis
4)Tonsillitis

Question 12

The nurse is assigned to care for a client diagnosed with a lung abscess. Which information does the nurse understand about the origin and risk factors leading to lung abscess?
1)One of the most prominent risk factors includes obesity.
2)Lung abscesses lead to the complication of bacterial pneumonia.
3)Intraoral drug use poses a risk factor for lung abscess.
4)Staphylococcal endocarditis is a source of lung abscesses.

Question 13

In the prescribed care of a client, the nurse is aware of treatment involving decongestants, antihistamines, saline sprays, and heated mists. Which condition does the nurse recognize as being treated by these types of medications?
1)Pharyngitis
2)Sinusitis
3)Tracheitis
4)Acute bronchitis

Question 14

The nurse is reviewing the process of gas exchange. Which knowledge does the nurse apply to the relationship of red blood cells (RBCs) and oxygenation?
1)Carbon dioxide levels stimulate the production of RBCs.
2)RBCs are oxygen saturated if the PaO₂ reaches 60 mm Hg.
3)Oxygen combines loosely with the heme in hemoglobin.
4)The desaturation of hemoglobin promotes tissue oxygenation.

Question 15

The nurse educator is reviewing the pathophysiology of tuberculosis (TB) with staff nurses. Which statement confirms understanding by an attending nurse?
1)"The Mycobacterium tuberculi get absorbed through the perspiration of an individual."
2)"The calcified lesion in TB is called the Ghon's focus."
3)"The cheeselike necrotic lung tissue is called the caseous necrosis."
4)"The TB organism is anaerobic."

Question 16

The primary health-care provider prescribes decongestants for a client. Which condition is most likely present?
1)Tonsillitis
2)Epiglottitis
3)Pharyngitis
4)Sinusitis

Question 17

A client admitted with a lung abscess has developed an area of pulmonary tissue necrosis. Which is the most appropriate treatment to manage this complication?
1)Surgical treatment
2)Adequate hydration and nutrition
3)Humidified oxygen
4)IV antibiotics

Question 18

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about acute sinusitis. Which statement by a student indicates proper learning about sinusitis?
1)"Sinusitis can be divided into acute and subacute sinusitis."
2)"Chronic sinusitis involves inflammation of the sinuses, which is cured within a week."
3)"Virus, bacteria, or both organism types may be responsible for acute sinusitis."
4)"Mucolytic agents are used to treat the infection."

Question 19

Which unique respiratory infection is caused by a resilient bacterial organism that can remain dormant in the body?
1)Dyspnea
2)Tuberculosis (TB)
3)Pulmonary aspiration
4)Cough

Question 20

Which term refers to the process of coughing up sputum?
1)Expectoration
2)Hemoptysis
3)Atelectasis
4)Hypoxia

Question 21

The health-care provider finds that a client is producing foul-smelling sputum with a cough, which is accompanied by chills, fever, and chest pain. Which treatments are prescribed by the health-care provider? Select all that apply.
1)Antibiotic therapy
2)Antituberculosis medications
3)Respiratory isolation
4)Surgical intervention
5)Bronchoscopy

Question 22

While assessing a client, the health-care provider finds the cervical lymph nodes to be extremely tender. For which condition does the health-care provider prescribe treatment?
1)Lung abscess
2)Myringitis
3)Acute pharyngitis
4)Tracheitis

Question 23

Which part of the respiratory system assists with the management of particles from the outside environment?
1)Mucociliary apparatus
2)Alveoli
3)Oxyhemoglobin
4)Erythropoietin

Question 24

A client presents with dyspnea, chest pain, and a cough producing yellow sputum. Which presenting manifestation specifically causes the nurse to look beyond a respiratory cause for the client's condition?
1)Dyspnea
2)Chest pain
3)Cough
4)Yellow sputum

Question 25

The nurse is assisting with a client who has pharyngeal erythema, a persistent cough, and rhinorrhea. An inspiratory stridor is indicative of mucus obstruction within the trachea. Which treatments does the nurse expect the health-care provider to prescribe? Select all that apply.
1)Symptomatology
2)Complete blood count (CBC)
3)Throat culture and sensitivity
4)Mantoux tuberculin skin test
5)Palpate the frontal and transmaxillary sinuses