Deck 13: Shortterm and Working Memory

Question 1

In which of the following regions have neurons exhibited sustained activity in tests of short-term memory? (Check all that apply.)

A)Inferotemporal cortex
B)Prefrontal cortex
C)Thalamus
D)Posterior parietal

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Describe the early PFC lesion studies in monkeys by Jacobson and Malmo. Based on their results, what conclusions did each of them reach?

Answer 2

not answered

Question 3

According to Goldman-Rakic, the equivalent to "what" and "where" pathways in the PFC are specific STM memory systems for:

Answer 3

Spatial locations; objects

Question 4

What is the difference between short-term memory and working memory?

Question 5

Invent a task that measures short-term memory. Now, change that task to measure working memory.

Question 6

How has the CDA been redescribed in terms of changes to alpha-band amplitude?

Question 7

What was Hebb's idea about how short-term maintenance is achieved?

Question 8

Describe two situations in which lesions to the PFC disrupt performance in working memory tasks.

Question 9

What has been the traditional interpretation of delay-period load sensitivity, in fMRI data, during tests of STM? Are results from MVPA studies consistent with or at odds with the traditional interpretation?

Question 10

What are two electrophysiological measures that have been associated with load manipulations in short-term memory?

Question 11

What sort of task am I asking you to perform if I give you a mixed-up set of digits and ask you to recall them back to me in order of ascending magnitude?

Question 12

What interpretation did Fuster and Alexander (1971) and Kubota and Niki (1971) give to the sustained, elevated delay-period activity recorded from PFC neurons?

A)Attention
B)Short-term memory

Question 13

What further subdivision of the visual/verbal organization of working memory did Goldman-Rakic propose based on the neuroscience literature and research by her group?

Question 14

The question of whether elevated delay-period activity in the PFC corresponds to STM maintenance or some other function has been contentious. Summarize one way that the two accounts were pitted against each other in a single study.

Question 15

What is the CDA? How is it measured? How does it change with memory load?

Question 16

What is the "sensory recruitment hypothesis" of short-term memory? What empirical findings are consistent with it?

Question 17

What two types of information were dissociated in Baddeley and Hitch's cognitive model of working memory?

Question 18

What aspects of STM task performance have PFC neurons been associated with?

A)Encoding
B)Maintenance
C)Response
D)All of the above

Question 19

How might a retrospective MVP of single-unit extracellular recordings yield information that wasn't evident in the original single-unit analysis of the same data set?

Question 20

The earliest studies showing sustained, delay-period activity in the PFC by Fuster and Alexander interpreted this elevated activity to what cognitive construct?