Deck 26: Evolutionary Genetics

Question 1

The formation of polyploids in plants is an example of this model.

A) Parapatric speciation
B) Allopatric speciation
C) Sympatric speciation
D) All of the answers are correct

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The concept of adaptive peaks to symbolically represent selection of genotypes was first introduced by .

A) Dobzhansky
B) Darwin
C) Mayr
D) Wright
E) Wallace

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Who was the first to propose that species were the result of isolating mechanisms?

A) Darwin
B) Wallace
C) Dobzhansky
D) Morgan

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Occurs due to geographic separation of a population.

A) Parapatric speciation
B) Allopatric speciation
C) Sympatric speciation
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 5

Which of the following is not a prezygotic isolating mechanism?

A) Temporal isolation
B) Habitat isolation
C) Mechanical isolation
D) Hybrid inviability
E) Sexual isolation

Question 6

The modern understanding of evolution or the Neo-Darwinian theory is based on the work of what individual?

A) Morgan
B) Wallace
C) Sturtevant
D) Dobzhansky

Question 7

Molecular clocks are based on mutations.

A) Advantageous
B) Lethal
C) Deleterious
D) Neutral
E) All of the answers are correct

Question 8

When members of a species occupy the same habitat.

A) Parapatric speciation
B) Allopatric speciation
C) Sympatric speciation
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 9

The most common mechanism of speciation.

A) Parapatric speciation
B) Allopatric speciation
C) Sympatric speciation
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 10

Which of the following can be used to compare species at the molecular level?

A) Direct DNA sequencing
B) Restriction mapping
C) Immunological studies
D) Protein comparisons
E) All of the answers are correct

Question 11

How does the species recognition concept differ from the biological species concept?

A) Reproductive isolation does not play a role in the species recognition concept
B) Sexual recognition plays acts as the primary force for speciation
C) The sizes of the groups of interbreeding individuals are different
D) They don't differ at all

Question 12

Founder effect is an example of this.

A) Parapatric speciation
B) Allopatric speciation
C) Sympatric speciation
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 13

Which concept of speciation postulates that similar organisms will have overlapping needs in the environment?

A) Ecological
B) Reproductive
C) Dualogical
D) Phylogenetic
E) Evolutionary

Question 14

The biological species concept was introduced by what individual?

A) Dobzhansky
B) Darwin
C) Mayr
D) Paterson
E) Wallace

Question 15

Based on rRNA analysis, all life on Earth can be grouped into how many major branches?

A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 6

Question 16

The changing composition of a gene pool with regard to a particular allele over a measurable period of time is called .

A) Microevolution
B) Macroevolution
C) Molecular evolution
D) None of the answers are correct

Question 17

Horizontal gene transfer is most common among what group of organisms?

A) Humans
B) Bacteria
C) Fungi
D) Plants

Question 18

Hybrid zones are a characteristic of this model.

A) Parapatric speciation
B) Allopatric speciation
C) Sympatric speciation
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 19

Which of the following terms represents homologous genes that are found in different species?

A) Paralogs
B) Orthologs
C) Gene families
D) None of the answers are correct

Question 20

Expression of mouse Pax6 in various parts of the Drosophila body led to what result?

A) Formation of antennae at the sites of Pax6 expression
B) Absence of eye formation in Drosophila
C) Formation of additional legs on the Drosophila body
D) Formation of Drosophila eyes at the sites of Pax6 expression.

Question 21

Which of the following would NOT be an explanation of how observed differences in variation occur at the microevolutionary level?

A) Allelic differences in genes
B) Changes in chromosome structure
C) Changes in chromosome number
D) Changes in DNA sequence
E) All of the answers are correct

Question 22

Microevolution is the term given to evolutionary changes that produce new species and groups of
species.

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT one of the major branches of life based on rRNA studies?

A) Bacteria
B) Animalia
C) Archaea
D) Eukaryotes

Question 24

Orthologous genes may form gene families in a species.

Question 25

The production of sterile offspring is an example of a prezygotic isolation mechanism.

Question 26

Researchers who study molecular evolution often analyze DNA sequences using computer programs
which identify homologous sequences.

Question 27

At the microevolutionary level, natural selection is based on genetic differences that give an individual
a selective advantage.

Question 28

Evo-devo studies evolution through comparisons of developmental gene expression to determine
evolutionary relationships.

Question 29

Which of the following correctly accounts for the rate of evolutionary change?

A) Punctuated equilibrium
B) Gradualism
C) Neither model is completely correct

Question 30

Non-Darwinian evolution is based on nonneutral mutations.

Question 31

Regions of a chromosome that contain groups of linked genes in several species are called .

A) Linkage groups
B) Synteny groups
C) Regression groups
D) Homology groups
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 32

A graphic illustration of the relationships between species is called a phylogenetic tree.

Question 33

A species is a group of individuals whose members have the potential to interbreed and produce
viable, fertile offspring.

Question 34

Homologous genes are derived from the same ancestral gene.