Deck 6: Growth and Development of the Child

Question 1

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is performing well-baby checks. The nurse is checking an infant who is 7 months old for developmental milestones. Which finding is of greatest concern to the nurse?

A)The infant remains flat when in a supine position.
B)The infant exhibits a Babinski reflex.
C)The infant opens and closes her hands to grasp objects.
D)The infant exhibits a lack of startle reflex to sound.

Answer 1

The infant remains flat when in a supine position.

Question 2

The nurse is visiting the home of a new mother and a 2-month-old infant. The nurse notices the infant vigorously sucking on the fist and whining but not crying. The mother validates that the behavior is common. Which information does the nurse need to obtain from the mother?

A)If the mother is breast or bottle feeding
B)How long the infant sleeps at night
C)What type of feeding schedule is followed
D)If the infant draws up the legs when crying

Answer 2

What type of feeding schedule is followed

Question 3

The pediatric nurse is providing care for a 14-year-old female patient. After the patient's parents leave the hospital, the patient begins to cry. The nurse explores the patient's feelings using therapeutic communication. Which information causes the nurse to report suspected sexual abuse?

A)The patient is frequently denied access to needed health care.
B)The patient reports frequent episodes of genital irritation.
C)The patient admits to multiple incidences of skipping school.
D)The patient states that an older brother frequently "hurts" her.

Answer 3

The patient reports frequent episodes of genital irritation.

Question 4

The nurse is performing a development assessment on a 3-month-old infant who was 6 weeks premature. The nurse states the infant's development is normal. The parent expresses that the baby seems behind what other babies the same age are doing. Which information does the nurse share to provide reassurance to the parent?

A)The infant will catch up developmentally by age 1 year.
B)Developmental milestones vary from infant to infant.
C)The infant's age is adjusted because of prematurity.
D)Each infant is an individual with unique development.

Question 5

The nurse works in an elementary school with students ranging from 6 to 11 years of age. The nurse uses knowledge related to Freud's psychosocial theory to identify which behavior in this pediatric population?

A)Oedipal or Electra conflicts
B)Energy focused on socialization
C)Curiosity about anatomical differences
D)Mild struggles with sexuality

Question 6

The school nurse in a high school setting expresses concern to school administration regarding the increase in student complaints about bullying, physical violence, and rejection. Which concern related to psychosocial development does the nurse share as being most important?

A)Students are preoccupied with how they are seen in the eyes of others.
B)Students who are bullied will develop issues related to sexual orientation.
C)Students may be unable to provide a meaningful definition of self.
D)Students who are aggressive will develop a strong sense of guilt as adults.

Question 7

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is checking the developmental milestones for a 3-year-old patient. Which finding causes the nurse to perform additional assessments?

A)The patient's tee-shirt is on backward.
B)The patient loses balance when kicking a ball.
C)The patient draws a circle that is closed but oblong.
D)The patient jumps with both feet about 2 inches high.

Question 8

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
The nurse is performing a clinic assessment on a 1-month-old new patient. During the interview, the mother shares personal information. Which comments will cause the nurse concern about growth and development? Select all that apply.

A)"I was anemic during pregnancy and still take iron pills."
B)"Fat people are gross; I only gained 16 pounds during pregnancy."
C)"I don't think I even had a single cold during my pregnancy."
D)"During my pregnancy I never even took care of the cat."
E)"I really decreased my smoking habit during my pregnancy."

Question 9

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
Erickson's psychosocial development theory proposes that the school-aged child between ages 6 and 12 years is in the stage of industry vs. inferiority. Based on this theory, how will the pediatric nurse design activities as part of a diversional program for children who are in a long-term medical facility? Select all that apply.

A)Identify adequate activities suited for solitary play.
B)Provide activities that involve more than one person.
C)Allow participation in simple tasks on the unit of care.
D)Designate methods of recognition for completed tasks.
E)Set guidelines and policies that are clear and enforceable.

Question 10

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is performing an assessment on an infant in the presence of both parents. The parents are short and moderately overweight. The father states, "We are going to do everything we can to raise a strong, tall, athletic child." How does the nurse respond?

A)Provides materials about healthy diets and lifestyles for families
B)Shares the impact of genetics on environmental conditions
C)Suggests to the parents how to alter their lifestyles
D)Recognizes the parents for having positive attitudes and goals

Question 11

The nurse is counseling parents about management of their children who are 2, 4, and 6 years of age. One of the parents states, "We believe in Kohlberg's theory of social-moral development." The nurse is aware that the preconventional stage of this theory involves which characteristic?

A)Behavior is adjusted according to good/bad and right/wrong thinking.
B)A personal and functional value system is constructed by the child.
C)The focus of the child is on following rules and maintaining social order.
D)Value systems are independent of authority figures and peers.

Question 12

The nurse is teaching a parenting class being held in a community clinic. The nurse is focusing on behaviors that will assist in increasing the number of children who score well in kindergarten readiness screening. Which comment by a parent indicates the need for additional information?

A)"I am not athletic, but the kids would love an outdoor play area."
B)"Practicing counting with the kids while traveling is a good idea."
C)"I like the suggestion to label basic items for word recognition."
D)"In our family we watch TV; books are a waste of money."

Question 13

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
A widowed parent of two children informs the nurse of an upcoming marriage to a woman who has three children. The expressed intention is to adopt the three stepchildren. Which definition of family will the nurse apply? Select all that apply.

A)A nuclear family after the adoption of the stepchildren.
B)A nonnuclear family after the marriage has taken place.
C)A blended family after the marriage of the adults occurs.
D)A nuclear family before adoption if all children live in the home.
E)A blended family after the intention of marriage is expressed.

Question 14

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
The school nurse is asked to assess a student in the third grade who is failing to demonstrate academic success. Using Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the nurse can create a needs list based on which comments by the student? Select all that apply.

A)"I have to go to bed at 10:00 every night."
B)"I worry because my mom and dad fight all the time."
C)"Game and movie nights are always fun at my house."
D)"My grandma says I'm stupid just like my mother."
E)"I taught my little brother to ride a bike in just one day."

Question 15

During a well-baby checkup, the mother of an infant states, "Even if he is occupied with a toy, he cries as soon as he notices I have left the room." Which explanation by the nurse is best?

A)"Your baby does not know you exist if he cannot see you."
B)"Babies learn very quickly how to get an adult's attention."
C)"You should move the baby with you if you leave the room."
D)"Just ignore him; he will soon learn that you are still present."

Question 16

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
The nurses on a pediatric unit are concerned about developmental delays in patients who are hospitalized frequently and for extended periods of time. Which interventions do the nurses initiate to alleviate the concerns? Select all that apply.

A)Design a play/recreational area with age-appropriate sections.
B)Provide nurses with allotted time to play with confined children.
C)Extend the services of the child-life specialists to all patients.
D)Encourage family to bring favorite toys and books from home.
E)Have age-appropriate educational TV channels available.

Question 17

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
The nurse is gathering information during a routine checkup for a preschool-age child who lives with grandparents. The grandmother expresses distress about "how loud and busy" the child is, and "how expensive it is to feed and clothe" the child. Which referrals does the nurse make to the grandmother? Select all that apply.

A)Community programs for the child aimed at playing and learning
B)Social service for determination of benefits available for the care of the child
C)Legal services to assist in obtaining financial support from the parents
D)Child protection services to survey the home and psychosocial environment
E)Caretaker programs and support groups for grandparents performing as parents

Question 18

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is counseling a parent who expresses concern about a toddler who plays alone at daycare and does not interact with the other children who are present. Which information does the nurse provide to alleviate the parent's concern?

A)Parallel play is being exhibited and is normal at this age.
B)The toddler is likely to grow into a shy, introverted adult.
C)It is important for the child to learn to be alone at this age.
D)The toddler is exhibiting the normal behavior of solitary play.

Question 19

The pediatric home-care nurse is visiting a toddler born with a genetically related illness. Which comment by the parent is the greatest cause for the nurse to assess for additional information?

A)"I am having more difficulty keeping her confined."
B)"A chronically ill child affects the entire family."
C)"The other children seem so accepting of the illness."
D)"Hospitalization would cause some severe stress."

Question 20

A mother of a 9-month-old infant asks the nurse about what toys are age appropriate. Using Piaget's theory of development, which toy does the nurse recommend?

A)Building blocks
B)Colorful mobiles
C)Picture books
D)Musical rattles