Deck 11: Innovation and Change

Question 1

Clint Hill,CEO of Oregano Systems,a software engineering company,holds internal contests on the company intranet to get his engineers to speak up with their ideas for improving the company.Employees vote on their favorites and the winner takes home a cash prize.In this scenario,which of the following approaches does Oregano Systems utilize?

A)Top-down approach
B)Bottom-up approach
C)Dual-core approach
D)Horizontal coordination approach

Answer 1

B
Explanation:Oregano Systems utilizes the bottom-up approach.Innovative companies recognize that many useful ideas come from the people who are daily doing the work,serving the customers,fighting off the competition,and figuring out how best to get their jobs done.

Question 2

_____ are changes in an organization's production process,including its knowledge and skill base,that enable distinctive competence.

A)Strategy and structure innovations
B)Product and service innovations
C)Technology innovations
D)Culture innovations

Answer 2

C
Explanation:Technology innovations are changes in an organization's production process,including its knowledge and skill base,that enable distinctive competence.These changes are designed to make production more efficient or to produce greater volume.

Question 3

_____ refer to a technique used to give free rein to creativity within organizations.

A)Skunkworks
B)Creative departments
C)Venture teams
D)Switching structures

Answer 3

C
Explanation:Venture teams are a technique used to give free rein to creativity within organizations.Venture teams are often given a separate location and facilities so they are not constrained by organizational procedures.

Question 4

_____ is considered the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.

A)Organizational environment
B)Organizational innovation
C)Organizational change
D)Organizational behavior

Question 5

Which of the following is true of venture teams?

A)They free creative people from the bureaucracy of a large corporation.
B)They are used to develop an internal entrepreneurial spirit among all employees.
C)They impede the development of new ideas within an organization.
D)They are constrained by organizational procedures.

Question 6

_____ occurs frequently,with fewer and shorter periods of stability.

A)Disruptive change
B)Episodic change
C)Structural change
D)Continuous change

Question 7

Which of the following occurs when organization members actually use a new idea,technique,or behavior?

A)Implementation
B)Standardization
C)Creativity
D)Sustainability

Question 8

_____ refers to coming up with new ideas for products or services.

A)Idea conversion
B)Idea generation
C)Idea creation
D)Idea incubation

Question 9

A(n)_____ structure stifles innovation with its emphasis on rules and regulations.

A)mechanistic
B)organic
C)matrix
D)multidomestic

Question 10

Which of the following is a difference between exploration and exploitation?

A)Exploration extends the search for commercialization of new products beyond the boundaries of an organization, while exploitation limits itself to the boundary of an organization.
B)Exploration involves adoption of a management practice, while exploitation involves implementation of a management practice.
C)Exploration encourages creativity and developing new ideas, while exploitation implements those ideas to produce routine products.
D)Exploration generates ideas that may meet perceived needs, while exploitation generates ideas that respond to opportunities.

Question 11

_____ means an organization creates an organic structure when such a structure is needed for the initiation of new ideas.

A)Switching structures
B)Spanning structures
C)Opening structures
D)Moving structures

Question 12

_____ pertain to the administrative domain in an organization.

A)Technology innovations
B)Strategy and structure innovations
C)Culture innovations
D)Product and service innovations

Question 13

_____ refer to changes in the values,attitudes,expectations,beliefs,abilities,and behavior of employees.

A)Technology innovations
B)Strategy and structure innovations
C)Culture innovations
D)Product and service innovations

Question 14

Which of the following approaches is used to incorporate structures and management processes that are appropriate to both the creation and the implementation of innovation?

A)Dual-core approach
B)Top-down approach
C)Bottom-up approach
D)Ambidextrous approach

Question 15

_____ refers to innovations in products or services that typically start small and end up completely replacing an existing product or service technology for producers and consumers.

A)Disruptive innovation
B)Organizational innovation
C)Open innovation
D)Culture innovation

Question 16

_____ is the adoption of an idea or behavior that is new to an organization's industry,market,or general environment.

A)Organizational environment
B)Organizational innovation
C)Organizational change
D)Organizational behavior

Question 17

The Research and Development Unit of Blue Lagoon,a multinational electronic brand,has released another update to Lagoon X4848i,a smartphone.This latest update is their fourth within a year.This adaptation to environmental shift is an example of the company's response to _____.

A)disruptive change
B)continuous change
C)episodic change
D)annual change

Question 18

_____ is the generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities.

A)Implementation
B)Innovation
C)Creativity
D)Sustainability

Question 19

Which of the following is a difference between episodic change and continuous change?

A)Episodic change occurs occasionally, while continuous change occurs frequently.
B)Episodic change occurs with fewer and shorter periods of stability, while continuous change occurs with frequent and longer periods of stability.
C)Episodic change requires complete replacement of an existing product, while continuous change requires partial replacement of an existing product.
D)Episodic change enables distinctive competence, while continuous change disables distinctive competence.

Question 20

_____ occurs occasionally,with periods of relative stability,and managers can respond with technical,product,or structural innovations as needed.

A)Disruptive change
B)Episodic change
C)Structural change
D)Continuous change

Question 21

Departments that use innovations developed by creative departments tend to have an organic structure more suitable for efficient production.

Question 22

A mechanistic structure stifles innovation with its emphasis on rules and regulations.

Question 23

When an organization development consultant brings together a group to discuss and solve problems such as conflicts,goals,decision making,or communication,the intervention technique is called:

A)crowdsourcing.
B)team building.
C)culture management.
D)technical training.

Question 24

Implementation occurs when managers or other decision makers choose to go ahead with a proposed idea.

Question 25

_____ focuses on the human and social aspects of an organization as a way to improve an organization's ability to adapt and solve problems.

A)Organizational innovation
B)Organizational change
C)Organization development
D)Organization behavior

Question 26

Organic organizations encourage a top-down innovation process.

Question 27

A(n)_____ is a separate,small,informal,highly autonomous,and often secretive group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business.

A)creative department
B)idea incubator
C)new-venture fund
D)skunkworks

Question 28

Which of the following is not a technique for implementing change?

A)Establishing a sense of urgency for change.
B)Establishing a coalition to guide the change.
C)Restraining idea champions.
D)Finding an idea that fits the need.

Question 29

The _____ brings together participants from all parts of an organization-often including key stakeholders from outside the organization as well-in an off-site setting to discuss problems or opportunities and plan for change.

A)ambidextrous approach
B)large group intervention approach
C)dual-core approach
D)closed innovation approach

Question 30

_____ means that technical,marketing,and production people share ideas and information.

A)Horizontal coordination
B)Boundary spanning
C)Open innovation
D)Management innovation

Question 31

The point of the _____ is that many organizations must adopt frequent management changes and need to be structured differently from organizations that rely on frequent technical and product changes for competitive advantage.

A)horizontal coordination approach
B)top-down approach
C)ambidextrous approach
D)dual-core approach

Question 32

Product and service innovations are designed to make production more efficient or to produce greater volume.

Question 33

Idea incubator is a popular way to facilitate the development of new ideas within an organization.

Question 34

_____ means extending the search for and commercialization of new products beyond the boundaries of an organization and even beyond the boundaries of an industry.

A)Horizontal coordination
B)Boundary spanning
C)Open innovation
D)Management innovation

Question 35

_____ refers to the adoption and implementation of a management practice,process,structure,strategy,or technique that is new to an organization and is intended to further organizational goals.

A)Horizontal coordination
B)Management spanning
C)Open innovation
D)Management innovation

Question 36

Companies that want to support innovation implement a variety of mechanisms that encourage a top-down flow of ideas.

Question 37

Organizational innovation is considered the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.

Question 38

_____ means that each department involved with new products has excellent linkage with relevant sectors in the external environment.

A)Horizontal coordination
B)Boundary spanning
C)Open innovation
D)Management innovation

Question 39

Technology innovations are designed to make production less efficient or to produce lesser volume.

Question 40

An innovative organization is characterized by flexibility and empowered employees and the absence of rigid work rules.

Question 41

Corporate entrepreneurship attempts to release the creative energy of all employees in an organization.

Question 42

Horizontal coordination decreases both the amount and the variety of information for new product development.

Question 43

What is management innovation?

Question 44

Why do organizations employ ambidextrous approach?

Question 45

Idea champions fight to overcome natural resistance to change and to convince others of the merit of a new idea.

Question 46

Companies encourage idea champions by providing freedom and slack time to creative people.

Question 47

What is disruptive innovation?

Question 48

What is open innovation?

Question 49

If an organization has an organic structure,lower-level employees have less freedom and autonomy.

Question 50

Organizations that successfully adopt many management changes often have a smaller administrative ratio.

Question 51

Corporate entrepreneurship attempts to develop an internal entrepreneurial spirit,philosophy,and structure that will produce a lower-than-average number of innovations.

Question 52

Open innovation means limiting the search for and commercialization of new products within the boundaries of an organization.

Question 53

Organizations that have an organic technical core readily adopt management changes.

Question 54

Psychological safety means that people feel a sense of confidence that they will not be embarrassed or rejected by others in an organization.

Question 55

The management core is concerned with the transformation of raw materials into organizational products and services.

Question 56

Organization development is a step-by-step process to solve a specific problem.

Question 57

Organizations that must adopt frequent management changes tend to use a top-down process and a mechanistic structure.

Question 58

Team building promotes the idea that people who work together can work as a team.

Question 59

Discuss in detail the required elements of successful change in an organization.

Question 60

Organization development focuses on the human and social aspects of an organization as a way to improve the organization's ability to adapt and solve problems.

Question 61

Discuss the large group intervention approach.

Question 62

Discuss in detail the techniques employed by managers to overcome resistance.

Question 63

Discuss in detail the techniques that can be used to successfully implement change.

Question 64

Discuss the dual-core approach.

Question 65

What is organizational development?