Deck 5: Origins and Causes of Ethnic Inequality

Question 1

Segregation becomes most intense under which system of race relations?

A) Paternalistic
B) Rigid competitive
C) Fluid competitive
D) Caste

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A caste system is one in which:

A) There are rigidly defined unequal groups in which membership is passed from generation to generation.
B) There is inequality, but one's status is not determined by birth
C) Achieved status is emphasized
D) A marriage partner may be chosen from any group

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The paternalistic system characteristically occurs:

A) In rural, agricultural societies
B) Where stratification is linked to class rather than race
C) When the subordinated group is the numerical minority
D) When the division of labor is highly complex

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is regarded as an important cause of black slavery in the United States?

A) Indians were not racially identifiable
B) White indentured servants could run away and join their tribal groups
C) Blacks were in a strange land involuntarily
D) Indians were not used to the heat of the south and were more susceptible to illnesses from mosquitoes

Question 5

The _________ system is associated with early stages of urbanization and industrialization.

A) Paternalistic
B) Rigid competitive
C) Fluid competitive
D) Industrial

Question 6

According to Noel (1968),three conditions must be present for intergroup contact to lead to ethnic stratification.They are:

A) A large majority group, industrialization, and open mobility
B) Ethnocentrism, competition, and unequal power
C) Conflict, large majority group, and ethnocentrism
D) Cooperation, harmony and respect

Question 7

Slavery in the south changed drastically within two or three generations from its earliest introduction in the United States.Slaves became property and therefore had no legal rights and became a status from which one could not escape.This was due to:

A) The expansion of industry and its need for labor
B) The economic predominance of small farms and its need for labor
C) The economic predominance of the plantation system and its need for labor
D) Changes in the religious values of southerners

Question 8

The race system under which formalized discrimination has been largely eliminated-perhaps even outlawed is:

A) Paternalistic
B) Rigid competitive
C) Fluid competitive
D) Caste

Question 9

Which of the following is a reason there were so few slave revolts in the United States compared with Latin America?

A) There was virtually no opportunity for revolt
B) Blacks accepted the status of slaves
C) Blacks were the numerical majority
D) Families and linguistic groups were kept together

Question 10

Which of the following is true about life under slavery according to the article in the textbook called "The Peculiar Institution of Slavery in the Antebellum South?

A) Slaves worked very few hours of the day
B) Slaves were taught to awe white people
C) Slave masters believed that Negroes were natural-born slaves
D) Slaves were encouraged to be independent of their masters

Question 11

When people of different races carry different job titles and get paid different amounts but do similar kinds of work,they are most likely living under which system of race relations?

A) Paternalistic
B) Rigid competitive
C) Fluid competitive
D) Caste

Question 12

When one group migrates into an area where another group is present and conquers and subordinates that indigenous group it is called:

A) Annexation
B) Immigration
C) Competition
D) Colonization

Question 13

The paternalistic system of race relations is characterized by:

A) A system in which majority and minority group members compete in some important areas
B) A system is which race pretty well determines one's status in life
C) The fact that open and formalized discrimination has been outlawed
D) A tendency toward conflict between the majority and minority groups

Question 14

When one group expands its territory to take over control of an area formerly under the control of another group it's called:

A) Annexation
B) Immigration
C) Competition
D) Colonization

Question 15

When the group into which one is born,totally determines one's opportunities throughout life,this status is called:

A) Ascribed
B) Achieved
C) Mandated
D) Social

Question 16

The main difference between paternalistic and competitive race relations is:

A) That paternalistic race relations are better
B) There is visible race conflict and competition in competitive race systems
C) Paternalistic race relations are more benevolent
D) Competitive race relations systems have less violence and conflict than paternalistic

Question 17

The belief that blacks were innately inferior to whites developed around the time that slavery became institutionalized.Research suggests that:

A) These beliefs led to slavery becoming institutionalized
B) These beliefs developed as a result of the institutionalization of slavery for whites to rationalize what they were doing to blacks
C) These beliefs were also associated with many other immigrant groups who were entering the country at that time
D) Beliefs and the institutionalization of slavery developed independent of each other

Question 18

In a _____________ system of race relations it is frequently claimed that members of the subordinate group are childlike and helpless,so that dominant group members are doing them a great favor by providing them with shelter and work and teaching the ways of civilization.
A) Paternalistic

A) Rigid competitive
B) Fluid competitive
C) Controlled

Question 19

Ethnic stratification tends to be greater when:

A) The two groups don't share the same language
B) Initial contact is involuntary for the group who becomes subordinate
C) The two groups differ in terms of race
D) The two groups differ in terms of religion

Question 20

The pattern of race relations in the United States today is best characterized as:

A) Paternalistic
B) Rigid competitive
C) Fluid competitive
D) Caste

Question 21

4.There is a greater tendency for stratification to exist when contact originally occurred through annexation.

Question 22

The paternalistic systems of Indian reservations and slave plantations differed in that:

A) Only on the plantation was status determined totally on the basis of race
B) Blacks were exploited for their labor while Indians were exploited for their land
C) The plantation was repressive while the reservation was not
D) Indians were free to move about while blacks were not

Question 23

2.The rigid competitive system of race relations is marked by extensive open conflict.

Question 24

3.When a numerical minority is dominant,race relations tend to be caste-like.

Question 25

Chicano farm workers experiences in this country have often seemed a mix of paternalistic and rigid competitive race relations.They experience all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Geographic mobility
B) Low pay and inferior working conditions
C) Often bound to employers to pay off debts incurred at company stores or for housing
D) Guaranteed the right to organize by the Federal government

Question 26

The view that the white man's supernaturally willed destiny was to rule and "civilize" all of North America,from coast to coast is called:

A) Manifest Destiny
B) Divide and Conquer
C) The Trail of Broken Treaties
D) The Divine Right of Kings

Question 27

6.The plantation system's need for cheap,dependable labor is one reason why slavery developed into the form it did in the United States.

Question 28

One of the main differences between British,French and Spanish colonizers was that:

A) The French were interested in settling the land
B) The British wanted to convert the Indians to Christianity
C) The British wanted to settle the land
D) The British were only interested in the fur trade

Question 29

7.Racist beliefs about blacks were very strong before the advent of slavery in the United States.

Question 30

8.Reservation land was often the most fertile and profitable land in a given area.

Question 31

5.Africans were brought to the United States involuntarily.

Question 32

Anti-Mexican prejudice and discrimination following the annexation of Texas resulted from:

A) The fact that most Mexicans had fought against independence from Mexico for Texas
B) A shift in the power balance in favor of Mexicans
C) Changes in the legal system that allowed Mexicans to take land from Anglos
D) The transfer of Southern anti-black prejudice onto Mexicans

Question 33

Canadians generally honored their treaties with Indians,gave them better land for their reservations,and moved them less often as compared to the United States.The reason for this was:

A) Canadians were less ethnocentric than Americans
B) The religious beliefs of Canadians were very different from Americans
C) White pressure for land in the United States was much greater
D) Canadians were not able to force Indians to do what they wanted

Question 34

Which of the following was a source of conflict between Anglos and Mexicans after the annexation of Texas to the United States?

A) Most of the Anglos in Texas had been federalists whereas most of the Mexicans had been Centralists
B) Many Anglo land grants were voided or ignored
C) An influx of Anglos led to an increased competition over land
D) The English/Spanish language barrier

Question 35

An American Indian protest campaign in the 1970s referred to itself as ________________,a fitting description of Indian-white relations from before the Revolutionary War until the end of the nineteenth century.

A) The American Indian Movement
B) The Trail of Tears
C) Promised lands
D) The Trail of Broken Treaties

Question 36

The treatment of Chicanos in the U.S.was unique from that of blacks and Indians in that they were:

A) Largely exploited for their land
B) Largely exploited for their labor
C) They were never exploited
D) Exploited for both their labor and land

Question 37

9.Even those who sought to help Indian people ended up exercising social control over them instead.

Question 38

New Mexico's Hispanic population had a very different experience than Hispanics in other parts of the Southwest.Even today there is a large and powerful Hispanic elite in the state.This is due to:

A) The fact that New Mexico's white population was less ethnocentric
B) The power of the Catholic church in the state
C) The fact that Hispanics were the majority in the region and continued to have significant wealth and a larger number were able to maintain control of their land
D) The fact that so many whites moved into the state

Question 39

The "allotment" policy initiated in the late 1880s with respect to American Indians failed because:

A) It was applied to all tribes, regardless of whether they had a history of agriculture or not
B) There wasn't enough land to give to all the Native people
C) American Indians weren't used to the notion of commonly owned land
D) Women were expected to cultivate the land with the men and they had never done this before

Question 40

1.There are historical examples of pure caste and pure class systems.

Question 41

2.According to Noel,what three situations are necessary for ethnic stratification to occur? Pick one ethnic or racial group history in the United States and relate it to these three situations.

Question 42

3.How do competitive race relations systems differ from paternalistic? What can cause a change from paternalistic to competitive race relations?

Question 43

10.From the beginning the relationship between Mexicans and Anglos in the United States has been one of domination and subordination.

Question 44

1.How did the institution of slavery change over time? What two things caused this change? How did people's prejudice toward blacks change as slavery changed?