Deck 24: Emergency First Aid Nursing

Question 1

When the nurse is assessing victims in an emergency situation,the first priority is to assess for:

A) hemorrhage.
B) fractures.
C) mobility.
D) abnormal breathing.

Answer 1

abnormal breathing.

Question 2

The nurse is attempting to control bleeding in a patient with a profusely bleeding scalp wound.The most effective initial treatment of bleeding is to:

A) elevate the head.
B) apply direct pressure.
C) apply an ice pack.
D) apply indirect pressure.

Answer 2

apply direct pressure.

Question 3

A patient with multiple serious injuries sustained in a motorcycle accident is lying beside his wrecked motorcycle unconscious and bleeding when the rescuer arrives at the scene.The rescuer's priority action would be:

A) assessing blood loss.
B) assessing respiratory status.
C) obtaining vital signs.
D) organizing laypeople at the scene.

Answer 3

assessing respiratory status.

Question 4

A farm worker who has been kicked in the stomach by a mule passes a foul,black,tarry stool.The nurse suspects:

A) loose stool.
B) melena.
C) hematuria.
D) hemoptysis.

Question 5

The patient arrived at the emergency department in pain and bleeding profusely with the following vital signs: BP 80/54,P 102,RR 22.The nurse recognizes these symptoms as indicative of:

A) inadequate perfusion.
B) circulatory shock.
C) massive vasodilation.
D) heart failure.

Question 6

The patient's lower chest has been punctured with a knife that is still in place.The nurse should initially:

A) remove the knife.
B) apply an airtight dressing over the wound.
C) place the patient in a modified Trendelenburg position.
D) immobilize the knife with dressings and tape.

Question 7

When administering first aid in emergency situations,the nurse must first survey victims for severity of injuries.This is called:

A) the Good Samaritan Law.
B) an emergency interview.
C) triage.
D) taking vital signs.

Question 8

Once CPR has been initiated at the accident site,it can only be terminated when the:

A) victim is clinically dead.
B) victim is brain dead.
C) paramedics arrive.
D) rescuer perceives CPR is futile.

Question 9

When assessing the adult victim for pulselessness,the CPR rescuer should palpate the most reliable and accessible pulse,which is the:

A) radial.
B) brachial.
C) carotid.
D) femoral.

Question 10

When the worried mother of an accident victim asks the nurse how much circulating blood an average adult male is supposed to have,the nurse replies:

A) 8 pints.
B) 10 pints.
C) 12 pints.
D) 14 pints.

Question 11

A machinist visits the industrial nurse's clinic with a deep laceration of the thigh.The nurse should initially:

A) splint the thigh and apply tape to approximate the edges.
B) apply ice and a pressure dressing to the thigh.
C) give a tetanus booster injection.
D) wash the laceration with an antiseptic.

Question 12

The nurse determines clinical death and initiates CPR immediately because resuscitation is possible if cardiopulmonary arrest has existed for no more than:

A) 2 minutes.
B) 3 minutes.
C) 4 minutes.
D) 5 minutes.

Question 13

When a patient arrives in the emergency department with a sucking wound to the left chest,the nurse should:

A) place several layers of gauze dressing over the wound.
B) place the patient in a supine position.
C) cover the wound with an airtight dressing taped on three sides.
D) turn the patient to the left side.

Question 14

When assessing a patient who is severely bleeding and at risk for hypovolemic shock,the nurse anticipates:

A) slow,labored breathing.
B) hot,flushed skin.
C) edematous extremities.
D) weak,thready pulse.

Question 15

When other methods have failed to stop the bleeding and the victim's life is in danger,the rescuer at the scene applies a tourniquet to a young woman's leg above the knee.It is essential that the rescuer:

A) never release the tourniquet.
B) wrap the tourniquet around the limb twice.
C) mark the patient with a "T."
D) leave the limb elevated.

Question 16

A nurse assesses an accident victim who has bright red blood spurting from a laceration on his right forearm.After applying direct pressure and elevating the limb,the nurse should apply pressure to the right:

A) subclavian artery.
B) radial artery.
C) ulnar artery.
D) brachial artery.

Question 17

The Good Samaritan Law will protect all people who offer assistance if:

A) they are licensed.
B) the person acts prudently.
C) there is licensed supervision.
D) the patient improves.

Question 18

When a patient suddenly experiences respiratory difficulty in the cafeteria,the nurse begins assessment for foreign body airway obstruction.The most appropriate question to the victim is:

A) "What did you swallow?"
B) "Are you choking?"
C) "Are you OK?"
D) "Can I help you?"

Question 19

After CPR has been initiated on an adult patient,the nurse assesses the effectiveness of CPR by confirming:

A) an EKG pattern with each compression.
B) a palpable carotid pulse during each compression.
C) a compression depth of 1 1/2 to 2 inches.
D) pupils that change from pinpoint to dilated.

Question 20

The nurse teaches a patient with epistaxis that the best way to control bleeding is to:

A) place ice on the nose and pinch the nostrils.
B) maintain a flat position.
C) pack nostrils with cotton.
D) lean backward.

Question 21

When assessing a patient who has suffered a burn injury,the nurse classifies the burn as a deep partial-thickness burn based on the observation of:

A) painful reddened skin.
B) charred skin with milky-white areas.
C) erythema and blisters.
D) erythema,pain,and swelling.

Question 22

The patient is brought to the emergency department after having fractured his arm 12 hours ago.The arm is very edematous from the fingers to the elbow,and the patient cannot move it.Initially the nurse should:

A) test range of motion.
B) take the vital signs.
C) place ice packs on the arm.
D) check fingers for capillary refill.

Question 23

The patient with heat stroke has been undressed and treated with cold packs and a fan.The patient's temperature is now down to 101.2° F.When the patient starts to shiver,the emergency department nurse should:

A) raise the head of the bed.
B) offer warm liquids.
C) remove cold packs and fan.
D) continue with cooling interventions.

Question 24

A patient who was admitted after receiving a blow to the head begins to show signs of shock.How should the patient be positioned?

A) With the head lower than the body
B) Flat with the legs elevated
C) Flat on the back
D) In a side-lying position

Question 25

The nurse is assisting a victim of an accident who requires bandaging of the right lower extremity.When applying the bandage,the nurse should:

A) use sterile material.
B) leave the toes exposed.
C) bandage the extremity tightly.
D) bend the knee after bandaging.

Question 26

A patient has been stung by a bee and is brought to the emergency department.The nurse observes the sting site and identifies that the stinger is still in the skin.The nurse should:

A) remove it with sterile tweezers.
B) soak the area with a cold compress.
C) scrape the stinger with the side of a knife.
D) squeeze the surrounding tissue to expel the stinger.

Question 27

A patient who had taken a poisonous substance was brought to the emergency department.The nurse should first:

A) give syrup of ipecac.
B) contact the poison control center.
C) give milk to coat the stomach.
D) observe for symptoms.

Question 28

If a spinal injury is suspected,before the rescuer starts CPR,the trachea should be opened with a _______ _______ maneuver.

Question 29

The patient is admitted to the emergency department,having suffered frostbite to the hands,which are grayish-white in color.When attempting to warm the hands,the nurse should:

A) have the patient rub the hands together briskly.
B) wipe the hands vigorously with a warm towel.
C) run tepid water over the hands to warm slowly.
D) wrap the hands in hot,moist towels.

Question 30

When performing CPR on an infant,the breastbone is depressed approximately ____ to ____ inch(es).

Question 31

When two nurses perform two-person CPR,there should be _____ slow breaths for every _____ compressions.

Question 32

When the nurse arrives on the scene of a fire,the first thing to do for a burn victim is to:

A) apply dressings.
B) cover with a blanket.
C) cool the burn immediately.
D) apply topical ointment.

Question 33

A visitor in the hospital slips and falls.The arm appears dislocated and the visitor is unable to move it.The nurse's first action is to:

A) apply cold packs.
B) check range of motion.
C) splint the arm.
D) apply an Ace bandage.

Question 34

A burn patient is brought into the emergency department with the following burns: half of the front torso,entire left arm,front of left leg.The nurse should record that the patient has a ______% burn.

Question 35

The acronym RICE directs the nurse in the care of a sprain.The "C" in the acronym stands for ________.