Deck 11: Sexual Orientation

Question 1

Which of the following is true about same sex marriage?

A) Same sex marriage is legal in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
B) Same sex marriage is illegal in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
C) Same sex marriage does not grant nonheterosexual couples the same rights and privileges that heterosexual couples often take for granted.
D) Many gay and lesbian couples do not support same sex marriage.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Among the list of countries below,which country in 2001 extended gay couples the right to marry with all the rights first bestowed on heterosexual married couples?

A) The Netherlands
B) Canada
C) Spain
D) Brazil

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true about our understanding of sexual orientation?

A) Individuals of all sexual orientations experience similar attractions, emotions, and attitudes about love and relationships.
B) Both heterosexuals and homosexuals can learn to be bisexual.
C) Sexual orientation is about just one aspect of a person.
D) Homosexuals are rarely asked if their sexual orientation is a choice.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of these men is most clearly demonstrating that he has a homosexual orientation?

A) a man who is sexually attracted only to men, though he has not yet engaged in homosexual behavior
B) a man who has occasional fantasies about homosexual behaviors while having sexual intercourse with his female lover
C) a man who has sex with his wife twice a week, and occasionally allows other men to give him oral sex in public bathrooms
D) a man who has had sex with both men and women, but more times with men

Question 5

Erin is like most people in most cultures in the way she takes heterosexuality for granted and assumes all people are heterosexual.This is referred to as ________.

A) heterophobic
B) homophilic
C) homoerotic
D) heterocentric

Question 6

________ refers to the sex of the individuals to whom a person is primarily romantically,affectionately,and sexually attracted.

A) Gender identity
B) Sexual orientation
C) Gender
D) Self-concept

Question 7

A bisexual is a person who ________.

A) is really a homosexual who has not yet "come out of the closet"
B) has not formed a clear sexual orientation
C) can enjoy and engage in sexual activity with members of both sexes, or recognizes a desire to do so, without any clear preference
D) wants to have sex with two people (male and female) at the same time

Question 8

According to the American Psychological Association,sexual orientation is viewed as a(n)________.

A) continuum
B) bipolar model
C) either/or phenomenon
D) dichotomous model

Question 9

A "0" on Kinsey's sexual orientation rating scale would mean ________.

A) exclusively homosexual
B) exclusively heterosexual
C) someone who is not sure of their orientation
D) someone who has no sexual experiences

Question 10

Most historians trace the true beginning of the current,powerful gay rights movement to the ________.

A) civil rights marches on Washington, D.C.
B) first Gay Pride parade in Boston
C) Stonewall riot in New York City
D) bath house raids in San Francisco

Question 11

Sam has been given a copy of the Heterosexual Questionnaire.This handout would include which of the following questions?

A) Why do gay people feel they need to flaunt it?
B) Is homosexuality a sin?
C) Why do homosexuals place so much emphasis on sex?
D) When did you first decide you were a heterosexual?

Question 12

All of the following is true about the Defense of Marriage Act except that it ________.

A) exists in 39 states
B) defines marriage as a union of a man and a woman
C) allows gay marriages from other states to be recognized on a limited basis
D) allows states not to recognize gay marriages that may have formed in other states.

Question 13

Bethany lives in a state that has legalized marriage for same sex couples.According to the text,if she chooses to marry her partner,which of the following statements would be true?

A) She can receive insurance coverage from her partner's employer.
B) She must be married in both a religious and civil ceremony.
C) She will have less rights than couples in civil unions.
D) She will be subjected to background checks from the state during the first year of marriage.

Question 14

Bethany lives in a state that has legalized marriage for same-sex couples; she lives in ________.

A) Massachusetts
B) Alabama
C) North Dakota
D) Missouri

Question 15

The presumption of heterosexuality is known as ________.

A) homophobia
B) heterophobia
C) heterocentrism
D) homophilia

Question 16

What percentage is commonly used as a convenience statistic to estimate the percentage of the American population who are gay,lesbian or bisexual?

A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 10%
D) 20%

Question 17

The quote by Malcolm Boyd,a gay man and chaplain,was used to demonstrate that ________.

A) individuals of all sexual orientations experience similar attractions, emotions, and attitudes about love and relationships
B) gay men have a greater emphasis on the sexual component of their relationships
C) both heterosexuals and homosexuals can learn to be bisexual
D) discrimination has had both a positive and negative effect on gay relationships

Question 18

Which of the following are true about bisexuality: Bisexuals are ________.

A) trying to hide that they are actually gay or lesbian
B) confused about their sexual orientation
C) more promiscuous than any other group of people
D) subject to the same prejudice and discrimination by the heterosexual majority, but they encounter it in the gay world, too

Question 19

John and Mark live in a state with civil union laws.This means that _________.

A) they can legally marry
B) they can enter into a legal contract that has all or some of the rights and privileges that come with marriage
C) they cannot live together as a same sex couple
D) they can legally participate in a union that is exactly the same as heterosexual marriage

Question 20

Which of these terms is most different in meaning from the others?

A) homosexual
B) lesbian
C) transsexual
D) gay

Question 21

According to the text,at this time about ________ of sexual orientation can be explained by genetic influences.

A) 10%-20%
B) 25%-35%
C) 40%-50%
D) 75%-85%

Question 22

The research on the index/ring finger "ratio" has found ________.

A) the difference in index and ring finger length is greater in gay men than women
B) the index/ring finger ratio in lesbian women is more similar to that of men than straight women
C) there is no difference for lesbian women and gay men
D) gay men have a longer ring finger than heterosexual men

Question 23

Anthony learns that the suggestion that sexual orientation may have a biological basis can be seen in studies that show which of the following?

A) Heterosexual men are more likely to be over 6 feet tall.
B) Heterosexuals and homosexuals are likely to have differences in shoe size.
C) Homosexuals are more likely to be colorblind.
D) Lesbians and gays are more likely to be left-handed.

Question 24

Comparing MRI and PET scans of brains of homosexual and heterosexual individuals,researchers have found the brains of gay men to be ________.

A) similar to straight women
B) similar to lesbian women
C) similar to straight men
D) no different

Question 25

When looking at research comparing the relationships of gay and lesbian couples to heterosexual couples,which of these statements is FALSE?

A) Gay and lesbian couples use more humor and withdraw affection less.
B) Heterosexual couples tend to be less hostile and controlling toward one another.
C) Gay and lesbian couples establish an equal balance of relationship power.
D) Heterosexual couples are less able to calm down, soothe each other, and move past a problem as quickly as a gay or lesbian couple.

Question 26

Researchers have discovered a possible biological basis for sexual orientation that has become known as "the older brother effect," meaning ________.

A) as the number of older brothers a man has decreases, his chances of being gay increases
B) as the number of older brothers a woman has increases, so do her chances of being lesbian
C) as the number of older brothers a man has increases, so do his chances of being gay
D) the oldest brother is more likely to be gay

Question 27

Juan and George are a gay couple and would like to adopt a child.All of the following statements would be true of their experiences in the United States expect for which one?

A) There are many states in the U.S. where adoption is an option for gay couples.
B) They should use an attorney to be sure their rights are protected.
C) Because they are both men, they will only be allowed to adopt a male child.
D) Laws affecting nonheterosexual adoption vary from state to state, so they should be sure to fully understand their state laws.

Question 28

In ________ states,adoption for nonheterosexual couples is an option.

A) a few
B) a couple of
C) many
D) all

Question 29

Simon LeVay's research on the brain differences of a small group of heterosexual and homosexual men ________.

A) proves brain differences cause sexual orientation
B) suggests a correlation between brain differences and sexual orientation
C) found no difference in heterosexual and homosexual men's brains
D) discovered the third interstitial nucleus was larger in men who were homosexual

Question 30

Research using identical twins indicates that ________.

A) sexual orientation is not genetically determined
B) there is nearly a 100% match-when one twin is gay or lesbian, so is his or her twin
C) when one member of a pair of identical twins is gay or lesbian, the chances are higher that the other twin will share that same sexual orientation
D) the environment plays an equal role to genetics

Question 31

Jeff is conducting a literature review on the research on genetics and sexual orientation.He would find which of the following statements are supported by research?

A) Most influential genetic studies of sexual orientation involve pairs of non-identical twins.
B) Only 4% to 5% of the variation in sexual orientation can be explained by genetic influences.
C) Over the past 30 years, research methods have become more sophisticated, allowing researchers to tease apart the forces of environment and genes.
D) Scientists have uncovered a "gay gene" that causes sexual orientation.

Question 32

Irene is excited to learn about the link between sexual orientation and siblings.The studies she has reviewed have found that,on average,gay men have a greater number of ________.

A) younger brothers
B) younger sisters
C) older brothers
D) older sisters

Question 33

Irene is investigating daughters whose mothers were given the drug diethylstilbestrol (DES)while pregnant.Based on the previous research,which of the following findings is she most likely to learn?

A) DES prevented miscarriage in both the mothers and their daughters.
B) Daughter exposed to DES in the womb were more likely to be heterosexual as adults.
C) Daughters exposed to DES in the womb are significantly more likely to be gay or bisexual as adults.
D) DES led to a decreased risk of cancer for both the mothers and their daughters.

Question 34

Which of the following statements is true of the exotic becomes erotic (EBE)theory of sexual orientation developed by Daryl Bem?

A) It considers only biological factors.
B) It is designed to explain only homosexuality.
C) It suggests that those who have gender-conforming behavior are more likely to develop erotic feelings for the same sex.
D) It suggests that gay men and lesbians are more likely to have gender-nonconforming behaviors in childhood.

Question 35

Which of the following reflects myths and misconceptions about gay and lesbian relationships?

A) Most gay and lesbians want close, enduring romantic relationships.
B) The overall relationship satisfaction and quality are about the same for gay and lesbian relationships as for heterosexual relationships.
C) Most lesbians and gays have meaningful social support networks.
D) Gay and lesbian relationships are more likely to be unhappy and dysfunctional than heterosexual relationships.

Question 36

Rodney is studying the link between hormones and one's orientation.The research suggests that hormones probably affect one's sexual orientation ________.

A) while the fetus is in the uterus
B) during puberty
C) during adulthood
D) during the phallic stage of psychosexual development

Question 37

Jen and Laurie are a lesbian couple.If they want to become pregnant,what is one method they may engage in in order to have a child?

A) there is no way they can have children as a lesbian couple
B) using HCG
C) praying for a child
D) do-it-yourself artificial techniques carried out at home

Question 38

Today,widespread scientific support exists about the origins of sexual orientation that shows ________.

A) how one is raised is the most important role in sexual orientation
B) genes play an important role in sexual orientation
C) environment plays the most important role in sexual orientation
D) being the oldest increases your chances of being gay

Question 39

Children who are raised by gay parents ________.

A) are more likely to be gay themselves
B) grow up less likely to marry
C) grow up as well-adjusted as those raised by heterosexual couples
D) are less tolerant of differences in relationships

Question 40

Studies cited in the text that were looking at the possible hormonal explanations for gay,lesbian,and bisexual orientations focused on which of the following?

A) spinal column length
B) the older sister effect
C) exposure to alcohol in the fetus
D) index/ring finger ratio

Question 41

Compare Jon,who is gay,to his teenage classmate Sid,who is not gay.What we know from the research is that Jon has a ________ rate of psychological adjustment problems including depressions,drug abuse,eating disorders,and homelessness as compared to Sid.

A) lower rate
B) similar
C) higher rate
D) unknown

Question 42

One study found that nearly ________ of gay or bisexual male teens had attempted suicide.

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 60%

Question 43

Worldwide,the vast majority of HIV infections are due to ________.

A) homosexual contact
B) needle exchanges
C) heterosexual contact
D) blood transfusions

Question 44

Which of the following life events reflects the fact that in a society that is largely rejecting at best and dangerously hostile at worst,nonheterosexuals typically spend a portion of their lives hiding their true sexual orientation from everyone?

A) coming out
B) leaving home
C) accommodation
D) assimilation

Question 45

One argument for opposing antidiscrimination laws regarding sexual orientation is the claim that the ________ Amendment of the U.S.Constitution forbids all discrimination against any group,including,by default,people of any sexual orientation.

A) Sixth
B) Tenth
C) Fourteenth
D) Eighteenth

Question 46

The term "coming out" is short for what phrase?

A) coming out of the house
B) coming out of one's sexual orientation
C) coming out of one's comfort zone
D) coming out of the closet

Question 47

Although HIV is not a "gay disease," gay people are discriminated against based on irrational and misinformed beliefs about the illness; this form of discrimination has become known as ________.

A) gay stigma
B) AIDS blame
C) gay pride
D) AIDS stigma

Question 48

Seth is an out gay male.Depending on the state he works in,he could be ________ based solely because he is gay.

A) denied housing
B) denied a job
C) fired from a job
D) all of the above

Question 49

The text highlighted several explanations as to why there has been slow passage of anti-discrimination laws regarding sexual orientation in the United States.Which of the following is an explanation?

A) Legally naming nonheterosexuals as a "protected class" of people in the same vein as members of a particular race or sex is a political hot potato and emotionally charged debate.
B) There is significant disagreement regarding the need for such laws for gay men and lesbian women.
C) The U.S. Supreme Court must rule on any discrimination laws and they have not taken up the case.
D) Gay men already are covered under anti-discrimination law.

Question 50

Jane identifies as a lesbian.If Jane's college experience is like that of many other gay,lesbian,and bisexual students,which of the following statements would be least likely to be true?

A) It is an easy transition and a big relief.
B) She may experience hostile campus environments.
C) Her college may have programs to reduce homophobic and anti-gay attitudes and discriminatory behaviors.
D) She may feel the need to hide her sexual orientation from other students, administrators, and campus health care providers.

Question 51

Which of the following statements is true about sexual orientation and protected classes in discrimination law?

A) Sexual orientation is considered a protected class in all 50 states.
B) Sexual orientation is considered a protected class for gay men and not lesbian women.
C) Sexual orientation is not a protected class in any U.S. state.
D) Sexual orientation is considered a protected class in approximately half of U.S. states.

Question 52

Two of the more widely accepted models of the coming out process reflect a gradual step-wise progression,including which of the following?

A) identity stress
B) identity feelings
C) identity acknowledgement
D) identity confusion

Question 53

Certain state and federal antidiscrimination laws specify characteristics of groups that are protected under these laws,such as race,religion,sex (male or female),age,or disability.These are referred to as ________.

A) protected classes
B) specialty groups
C) discriminated groups
D) hate crime groups

Question 54

Mike does not want to take an AIDS test because he is afraid that if he tests positive,he will face discrimination.According to your test,what concept does his behavior represent?

A) AIDS fear
B) HIV stereotypes
C) gay gene
D) AIDS stigma

Question 55

At the time of this textbook's publication,________ countries worldwide have passed national legislation forbidding discrimination based on sexual orientation.

A) less than 10%
B) 10%-20%
C) 25%
D) 33%

Question 56

According to the research on homosexuality and suicide,gay and lesbian teens consider,attempt and complete suicide in ________ proportion(s)to straight teens.

A) equal
B) lower
C) greater
D) double

Question 57

When gay people choose to live a life that is honest and open about their sexual orientation,which of the following has been found to be true?

A) They are unhappier and unhealthier.
B) They are tormented by friends and family.
C) They are more likely to increase the number of sexual partners.
D) They are better able to develop close and mutually satisfying friendships and romantic relationships.

Question 58

Some have suggested that the underpinnings of the search for the cause of sexual orientation are based on negative attitudes about homosexuality.These attitudes include the idea that homosexuality is ________.

A) natural
B) genetically based
C) moral
D) sinful

Question 59

Because the first cases of AIDS in the U.S.were found among young gay men,the researchers originally referred to the illness as ________.

A) GMHC: gay men's health crisis
B) GRID: gay-related immune deficiency
C) GUMP: genital-urological medical problem
D) GARC: gay auto-regression crisis

Question 60

Aaron,like many gay people,recognizes that one of the dangers of coming out is ________.

A) the inability to gain citizenship in a new country
B) no longer being attracted to members of the same sex
C) no longer being accepted in the homosexual community
D) eviction or denial of housing

Question 61

Discuss what is known about bisexuality.

Question 62

Discuss what is known about homophobia and hate crimes toward gay people.

Question 63

What was decided in the 2003 U.S.Supreme Court's Lawrence v.Texas decision?

A) Nonheterosexuals were deemed a protected class in employment discrimination.
B) It upheld all sodomy laws in the remaining 14 states of the U.S.
C) It negated all sodomy laws in the remaining 14 states of the U.S.
D) It legally ensured access to fair housing to nonheterosexuals.

Question 64

Terrence is a "gay basher." Reaction formation suggests that people like this may be ________.

A) in deep denial that they themselves are closeted homosexuals
B) turned on by the thought of hurting a gay person
C) unable to control their sexual urges
D) fearing for their own safety

Question 65

Tim suffers from an extreme fear,discomfort,or hatred of gay and lesbian people.This is defined as ________.

A) heterocentrism
B) homophilia
C) homophobia
D) heterosexism

Question 66

Discuss the process known as "coming out," including the dangers,pitfalls,and joys associated with it.

Question 67

What was the Stonewall riot and why is it seen as important in the history of the gay rights movement?

Question 68

The 2003 U.S.Supreme Court decision which in effect negated all sodomy laws in the remaining 14 states was ________.

A) Harold v. Houston
B) Baird v. Connecticut
C) Lawrence v. Texas
D) ACLU v. Alabama

Question 69

________ laws have allowed for more stringent penalties for violent crimes that can be shown to have been motivated by bias or prejudice toward a protected class of people.

A) Discrimination
B) Hate crime
C) Gay-bashing
D) Anti-crime

Question 70

Nancy was watching the news one evening and saw a story about gay bashing.What type of news story did she most likely view?

A) a story about gay men and partying
B) a story about an extreme criminal and violent act against a gay person motivated by homophobia
C) a story about the differences between gay men and lesbian women
D) a story about politicians talking about gay rights

Question 71

The brutal abduction,beating,and killing of Wyoming college student ________ in 1998 brought the issue of violence directed at gays to a higher level of public awareness.

A) Matthew Shepard
B) Billy Jack Gathier
C) Charlie Howard
D) Sam Stoner

Question 72

In the past,all states in the U.S.enacted ________ laws,which prohibited people from engaging in certain sexual acts that were considered strange,deviant,or immoral.

A) antisex
B) sodomy
C) antigay
D) censorship

Question 73

One study described in the text to support reaction formation theory found that those men who scored highest on homophobia became ________.

A) turned off by viewing a gay male video
B) sexually aroused in response to a gay male video
C) unable to stop thinking about gay men
D) irritable and hostile

Question 74

Discuss what is known about the "older brother effect" on sexual orientation.

Question 75

According to the text,violent crimes against gay and lesbian individuals are the ________ most common category of hate crimes.

A) second
B) third
C) fifth
D) tenth

Question 76

Gary suffers from irrational anti-gay attitudes and behaviors.One motivation proposed to explain this is a psychological defense mechanism called a(n)________.

A) extreme homophobic
B) excessive fear of gayness
C) reaction formation
D) reaction disease

Question 77

Nancy is surprised to learn that hate crimes against gay and lesbian individuals are ________.

A) about the same as a decade ago
B) on the increase
C) rare
D) always reported