Deck 3: Human Energy

Question 1

Which of the following statements relative to exercise and metabolic rate is false?

A) The intensity of the exercise is the most important factor to increase the metabolic rate.
B) Increased efficiency for swimming a set distance will decrease the energy cost.
C) The heavier person will burn more Calories running a mile than a lighter person.
D) Oxygen consumption and heart rate are two ways to monitor the metabolic rate.
E) Walking a mile slowly or jogging a mile cost the same amount of Calories.

Answer 1

The basal metabolic rate (BMR) or metabolic rate is the rate at which the energy sources (glucose, lipids and fats) are metabolized to generate energy over a period of time to carry out the regular physiological activities.
Some of the facts about metabolic rate re given below:
1. The metabolic rate increases during exercise, or any physical activity
2. With increase in the exercise intensity, the metabolic rate increases proportionally
3. People with more body weight burn more calories than the people with light body weight because the energy requirement increases with increase in body weight
4. Metabolic rate can be monitored by measuring the oxygen consumption and heart rate
Thus, the options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.
Walking a mile slowly is a mild aerobic exercise, which burns around 2.5 calories per minute. Jogging can burn more than 8 calories per minute. This is because, jogging is more intense than slow walking, so the calories burned is also higher in jogging.
Thus, the correct option is,

Question 2

Which energy system has the greatest capacity for energy production, (i.e., endurance?)

A) ATP-PCr
B) lactic acid
C) anaerobic glycolysis
D) oxygen
E) phosphagens

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is not needed to calculate the estimated energy requirement (EER)?

A) body fat percentage
B) age
C) height
D) weight
E) physical activity level (PAL)

Answer 3

Estimated energy requirements (EER) can be calculated based on the following five factors.
1) Age in years (AGE)
2) Physical activity (PA)
3) Height (HT in meters)
4) Weight (WT in kilograms)
5) Gender
The formula used to calculate the EER for men is given below. The formula used to calculate the EER for women is given below: Thus, the options (b), (c), (d) and (e) are incorrect.
The term "body fat percentage" refers to the percent fat corresponding to the total body mass. The body mass excluding the fat percent refers to the lean body mass. The body fat percentage is not used in the calculation of EER.
Thus, the correct option is,

Question 4

If an individual performed 5,000 footpounds of work in one minute, how many kilojoules of work were accomplished?

Question 5

Which energy system would predominate in an all-out, high-intensity, 400-meter dash in track?

A) ATP-PCr
B) lactic acid
C) oxygen-carbohydrate
D) oxygen-fat
E) oxygen-protein

Question 6

Name the sources of energy stored in the human body and discuss their role in the three human energy systems.

Question 7

If a 50-kilogram body-weight athlete was exercising at an oxygen consumption level of 2.45 liters (2,450 ml) per minute, approximately how many METS would she be attaining?

A) 8
B) 10
C) 11
D) 12
E) 14
F) insufficient data to calculate the answer

Question 8

Differentiate between BMR, RMR, BEE, REE, TEF, TEE, EER, and TDEE as defined in this text.

Question 9

Which of the following classifications of physical activity is rated as light, mild aerobic exercise-because it is likely to burn less than 7 Calories per minute?

A) competitive racquetball
B) running at a speed of 7 miles per hour
C) walking at a speed of 2.0 miles per hour
D) competitive singles tennis
E) bicycling at a speed of 12 miles per hour

Question 10

Explain the role of the three energy systems during exercise and provide an example using track running events. Which muscle fiber types are the major source of energy production during these track events?

Question 11

Which of the following statements relative to the basal metabolic rate or resting metabolic rate is false?

A) The BMR is high in infancy but declines throughout adolescence and adulthood.
B) The BMR is higher in women than in men due to the generally higher levels of body fat in women.
C) The resting metabolic rate is the equivalent of one MET.
D) The resting metabolic rate is higher than the BMR.
E) Dietary-induced thermogenesis raises the resting metabolic rate.

Question 12

List the major causes of fatigue during exercise and indicate how various nutritional interventions may help prevent premature fatigue.

Question 13

Which of the following is not likely to be a cause of fatigue?

A) depletion of PCr in fast-twitch fibers in a 200-meter dash
B) depletion of muscle glycogen in fast-twitch fibers in a 400-meter dash
C) depletion of adipose cell fatty acids in a marathon
D) depletion of muscle glycogen in a marathon
E) accumulation of hydrogen ions in a 400-meter dash

Question 14

Of the following statements concerning the interrelationships between various forms of energy, which one is false?

A) A kilojoule is greater than a kilocalorie.
B) A kilogram-meter is equal to 7.23 footpounds.
C) A gram of fat has more Calories than a gram of carbohydrate.
D) A gram of fat has more Calories than a gram of protein.
E) A liter of oxygen can release more than one kilocalorie when metabolizing carbohydrate.

Question 15

Approximately how many Calories will a 200-pound individual use while jogging a mile?

A) 70
B) 145
C) 200
D) 255
E) 440