Deck 13: Managing Your Fertility

Question 1

Explain the difference between theoretical- and use-effectiveness rates. Which one is always higher?

Answer 1

Contraception refers to any procedure or method that is used for preventing fertilization. There are various methods of contraception that are used by people depending upon their preference. Contraception is different from birth control because in birth control, the focus is at preventing the birth of a child and not at preventing fertilization.
There are two effectiveness rates for each type of contraceptive method. These are theoretical effectiveness and use effectiveness. The difference between these two effectiveness rates are explained below:
• Theoretical Effectiveness: It is the measure of the ability of a contraceptive method to prevent pregnancy when the used contraceptive method is used as per directions during each act of intercourse.
• Use Effectiveness: It refers to the effectiveness of a contraceptive method in prevention conception when used by general public. It considers factors that reduce effectiveness below that based on "perfect" use.
It has been found that there is great variation between the theoretical effectiveness and use effectiveness for different methods. However, the theoretical rate tends to be always higher than the use-effectiveness.

Question 2

Birth control and contraception mean the same thing. True or False?

Answer 2

Contraception refers to any procedure or method that is used for preventing fertilization. There are various methods of contraception that are used by people depending upon their preference. There are two effectiveness rates for each type of contraceptive method. These are theoretical effectiveness and use effectiveness.
The contraception and birth control are often used interchangeably; however, contraception is different from birth control because in birth control, the focus is at preventing the birth of a child and not at preventing fertilization. A couple can consider using either a contraceptive method or a birth control method for preventing pregnancy.
Hence, the given statement is .

Question 3

Identify some of the factors that should be given careful consideration when selecting a contraceptive method. Explain each factor.

Answer 3

Contraception refers to any procedure or method that is used for preventing fertilization. There are various methods of contraception that are used by people depending upon their preference. Contraception is different from birth control because in birth control, the focus is at preventing the birth of a child and not at preventing fertilization.
There are some factors that must be considered by an individual while selecting the type of contraceptive method. These are as follows:
• It should be safe, that is, the selected contraceptive method must not pose a significant risk to the health of any sexual partner.
• It should be effective, that is, the success rate of selected method should be high in preventing pregnancy.
• It should be reliable, that is, the selected method must be able to be used over and over again with consistent success.
• It should be reversible, that is, a contraceptive method that could be reverse should be considered by a couple as a family is always wanted at some stage of life.
• It should be affordable, that is, a couple must be able to afford the cost of a particular method.
• It should be easy to use, that is, the use of method should be effective and not complicated.
• It should not interfere with sexual expression, that is, it should be able to fit in the intimate sexual behaviour of a couple.

Question 4

In the United States, condoms are available in one size only. True or False?

Question 5

For each of the methods of birth control, explain how it works and its advantages and disadvantages.

Question 6

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are safe and effective for most women. True or False?

Question 7

How does the contraceptive patch differ from the contraceptive ring?

Question 8

Emergency contraception (Plan B) produces a medication abortion. True or False?

Question 9

What is emergency contraception?

Question 10

The acidic level in the vagina is destructive to sperm. True or False?

Question 11

How are tubal ligation and vasectomy accomplished?

Question 12

Typically, the first stage of labor is the longest stage. True or False?

Question 13

Identify and describe the different abortion procedures that are used during each trimester of pregnancy. What is a medication abortion?

Question 14

IVF-ET is the most frequently used assisted reproductive technology. True or False?

Question 15

What are some obstacles and aids to fertilization presented in this chapter? Can you think of others?

Question 16

Identify and describe the events that occur during each of the three stages of childbirth. Approximately how long is each stage?

Question 17

What can be done to reduce chances of infertility? Explain IVF-ET, GIFT, ZIFT, and ICSI procedures.