Deck 10: Intravenous Dosages

Question 1

Answer the following questions.
Before combining any medication with an IV solution, what must be verified first?

Answer 1

Sometimes on adding them to the IV, the solution might turn cloudy. This indicates that the solutions are incompatible and cannot be administered in combination.
Prior to combining any medication with the IV, the compatibility chart must be referred to check if the substances are compatible with each other.

Question 2

Answer the following questions.
If the order is 1000 mL to infuse over 12 hours (10 gtt/mL tubing), calculate the flow rate.

Answer 2

In the given problem, we will find the flow rate using the relation: Also, we need to convert the duration of infusion from hours to minutes.
Step 1: Find the duration of infusion in minutes.
Duration of infusion = 12 h
We know: Assuming x min are equivalent to 12 h, we can write: Equating the above relations, we get: Isolating x , we get the required minutes as below: Duration of infusion = 720 min
Step 2: Substitute the values and find flow rate in gtt/min.
Given:
Volume of D5W to be infused = 1000 mL
Drop factor = 10 gtt/mL
From step 1:
Duration of infusion = 720 min Answer: Flow rate is .

Question 3

Answer the following questions.
At the end of 4 hours, what is the total volume infused for an IV infusing at 20 drops per minute (10 gtt/mL tubing)?

Answer 3

In the given problem, we will find the flow rate using the relation: Step 1: Find the time of infusion in minutes.
From step 2:
Total time for infusion = 4 h
We know, the standard relation: Assuming x min are equivalent to 4 h, we can write: Equating the above relations, we get: Isolating x , we get the required minutes as below: Time of infusion is 240 min.
Step 2: Find the total volume infused in 4 hours.
Given:
Flow rate = 20 gtt/min
Time of infusion = 240 min
Drop factor of microdrip = 10 gtt/mL The total volume infused in 4 h is 480 mL.
Answer: The total volume infused in 4 h is .

Question 4

In Exercises 33, find the total volume to administer.
NS at 125 mL/h over 7 h 30 min

Question 5

In Exercises 15-16, find when the infusion will be completed.
15. 750 mL NS at 24 gtt/min (10 gtt/mL tubing) starting at 1930

Question 6

Provide a brief response to each of the following questions.
How might you recognize infiltration?

Question 7

In Exercises 12, calculate the flow rate for manually regulated IVs.
Ordered: 400 mL RL over 8 h, tubing is 10 gtt/mL

Question 8

For Exercises 28, you must manually check the IV infusion rate. Calculate the rate in drops per minute.
Electronic pump set at 150 mL/h, tubing 15 gtt/mL

Question 9

In Exercises 14, find the total volume to administer.
An antibiotic solution infused over 2 h at 75 mL/h

Question 10

Match the following. Write the answer in the space provided.
___ Phlebitis
a. type of fluid given to a patient with a severe burn
b. type of fluid given to a patient who is dehydrated
c. the patient is in charge of delivering his or her own pain medications
d. provide access to the vascular system for emergency situations
e. redness, swelling, and pain at an IV site
f. applies pressure to administer an IV fluid
g. used to control the rate of an IV infusion

Question 11

In Exercises 11, calculate the flow rate for orders to be administered by an infusion pump.
250 mL NS IV q4h

Question 12

In Exercises 19, find the flow rate for the orders, rounded to the nearest drop.
300 mL D5/Ringer's IV q6h (microdrip tubing)

Question 13

In Exercises 34, find the total volume to administer.
D5W at 80 mL/h over 8 h 20 min

Question 14

900 mL RL at 72 gtt/min (microdrip tubing) starting at 0900

Question 15

Provide a brief response to each of the following questions.
What are three possible causes of phlebitis?

Question 16

In Exercises 13, calculate the flow rate for manually regulated IVs.
Ordered: 1500 mL 0.45% S over 12 h, tubing is 15 gtt/mL

Question 17

For Exercises 29, you must manually check the IV infusion rate. Calculate the rate in drops per minute.
Pediatric infusion set at 75 mL/h, tubing 60 gtt/mL

Question 18

For Exercises 1, refer to labels A and B.
Figure 10-19 Heparin and saline lock flush.
Which would be used to flush a saline lock?

Question 19

The physician has ordered an adult patient with pneumonia to have clindamycin 500 mg IV q8h. On hand: See clindamycin label and package insert (Figure 10-22)
Figure 10-22 Clindamycin label and package insert.
The medication cannot be administered immediately because the patient is having a diagnostic test. What should you do?

Question 20

Answer the following questions.
If the order is 50 mL to infuse over 90 minutes (microdrip tubing), calculate the flow rate.

Question 21

Answer the following questions.
If the order is 500 mL over 4 hours (10 gtt/mL tubing), after one hour there should be how much remaining the bag?

Question 22

In Exercises 1-10, calculate the flow rate.
1. 1000 mL 0.45% NS q8h (infusion pump)

Question 23

In Exercises 17-20, find the total volume to administer.
17. NS at 36 gtt/min over 9 h via 15 gtt/mL tubing

Question 24

Provide a brief response to each of the following questions.
How high should the IV bag be hung?

Question 25

In Exercises 14, calculate the flow rate for manually regulated IVs.
Ordered: 250 mL D5W over 3 h, tubing is 10 gtt/mL

Question 26

For Exercises 30, you must manually check the IV infusion rate. Calculate the rate in drops per minute.
Rate controller set at 100 mL/h, tubing 10 gtt/mL

Question 27

For Exercises 2, refer to labels A and B.
Figure 10-19 Heparin and saline lock flush.
Which would be used to flush a heparin lock?

Question 28

Answer the following questions.
List three parts of a primary IV line.

Question 29

In Exercises 12, calculate the flow rate for orders to be administered by an infusion pump.
1 g Claforan in 100 mL D5W IV over 90 min

Question 30

In Exercises 20, calculate the original flow rate. Then determine if an adjustment is necessary and calculate the adjusted flow rate. Determine if the rate can be adjusted safely.
Ordered: 1000 mL RL over 8 h (15 gtt/mL tubing) After 2 h, 125 mL has infused.

Question 31

500 mL NS q6h (infusion pump)

Question 32

D5W at 110 mL/h over 7 h 30 min via infusion pump

Question 33

Provide a brief response to each of the following questions.
What four electronic devices can be used to regulate the flow of IV infusions?

Question 34

In Exercises 15, calculate the flow rate for manually regulated IVs.
Ordered: 40 meq KCl in 100 mL NS over 40 min, tubing is 20 gtt/mL

Question 35

In Exercises 1, find the total time to infuse.
Ordered: 1000 mL NS at 83 mL/h using an infusion pump

Question 36

For Exercises 3, refer to labels A and B.
Figure 10-19 Heparin and saline lock flush.
Standing order reads 3 mL saline lock flush q8h. Calculate the amount to administer.

Question 37

A patient has a PCA pump with morphine sulfate 50 mg in 500 mL D5W. Hospital policy requires you to document the dose of morphine administered during your shift. When you came on duty, the pump showed that 227 mL had infused. At the end of your shift the pump shows that 272 mL has infused. How much morphine did the patient receive during your shift?

Question 38

Match the following. Write the answer in the space provided.
___ PCA
a. type of fluid given to a patient with a severe burn
b. type of fluid given to a patient who is dehydrated
c. the patient is in charge of delivering his or her own pain medications
d. provide access to the vascular system for emergency situations
e. redness, swelling, and pain at an IV site
f. applies pressure to administer an IV fluid
g. used to control the rate of an IV infusion

Question 39

Answer the following questions.
If the order is 500 mL to infuse at 150 mL/hour (10 gtt/mL tubing), how long will it take to infuse?

Question 40

In Exercises 21, calculate the original flow rate. Then determine if an adjustment is necessary and calculate the adjusted flow rate. Determine if the rate can be adjusted safely.
Ordered: 2500 mL NS over 24 h (10 gtt/mL tubing) After 3 h, 200 mL has infused.

Question 41

2500 mL D5W q24h (20 gtt/mL tubing)

Question 42

Lactated Ringers at 45 gtt/min over 6 hours with 10 gtt/mL tubing

Question 43

Provide a brief response to each of the following questions.
When is an injection port used?

Question 44

In Exercises 16, calculate the flow rate for manually regulated IVs.
Ordered: 500 mL NS over 8 h, tubing is 15 gtt/mL

Question 45

In Exercises 2, find the total time to infuse.
Ordered: 500 mL LR at 125 mL/h using microdrip tubing

Question 46

For Exercises 4, refer to labels A and B.
Figure 10-19 Heparin and saline lock flush.
Standing order reads Heparin lock flush 20 units q12h. Calculate the amount to administer.

Question 47

You are applying for a new job that will require you to work with IV fluids exclusively. To prepare for the position, you want to learn more about the types of fluids and when and how they are used. Additionally you would like to become familiar with IV equipment made by various companies. Research the Internet and learn more about fluids and IV equipment. You may want to make yourself a chart or table with pictures to use as a reference tool.

Question 48

The physician has ordered an adult patient with pneumonia to have clindamycin 500 mg IV q8h. On hand: See clindamycin label and package insert (Figure 10-22)
Figure 10-22 Clindamycin label and package insert.
Calculate the flow rate of the infusion.

Question 49

In Exercises 13, calculate the flow rate for orders to be administered by an infusion pump.
500 mg ampicillin in 50 mL D5W IV over 30 min

Question 50

In Exercises 22, calculate the original flow rate. Then determine if an adjustment is necessary and calculate the adjusted flow rate. Determine if the rate can be adjusted safely.
Ordered 500 mL NSS over 8 h (60 gtt/mL tubing) After 2 h, 450 mL is remaining in the IV bag

Question 51

1800 mL RL q12h (10 gtt/mL tubing)

Question 52

D 5 NS at 125 mL/h for 4 h 15 min via infusion pump

Question 53

In Exercises 1, find the flow rate in milliliters per hour.
Ordered: 1000 mL LR over 6 h

Question 54

In Exercises 17, calculate the flow rate for manually regulated IVs.
Ordered: 3000 mL NS over 24 h, refer to label A.
Figure 10-15 Look at the drop factor for IV tubing to calculate flow rates.

Question 55

In Exercises 3, find the total time to infuse.
Ordered: 750 mL 0.45% NS at 31 mL/h

Question 56

For Exercises 5, determine the amount to administer and calculate the flow rate in milliliters per hour and drops per minute.
Ordered: Gemzar 150 mg in 500 mL NSS over 2 h
On hand: Refer to IV tubing packaging C, label D, and package insert E (Figure 10-20).
Figure 10 - 20 IV tubing packaging, Gemzar label, and package insert.
Figure 10 - 20 Concluded.Amount to administer: ____________________

Question 57

The physician has ordered an adult patient with pneumonia to have clindamycin 500 mg IV q8h. On hand: See clindamycin label and package insert (Figure 10-22)
Figure 10-22 Clindamycin label and package insert.
How would you prepare the medication?

Question 58

Answer the following questions.
List four types of electronic infusion devices.

Question 59

Answer the following questions.
The IV is infusing at 20 gtt/minute (20 gtt/mL) and the volume of the IV bag is 500 mL, how many hours will it take to infuse the IV?

Question 60

In Exercises 23, find the total time to infuse.
Ordered: 1000 mL D5/0.45% NS at 125 mL/h via infusion pump

Question 61

500 mL D 5 NS q6h via infusion pump

Question 62

In Exercises 1, identify the IV equipment that you would use in each instance.
Add a dose of medication to an existing line.

Question 63

In Exercises 2, find the flow rate in milliliters per hour.
Ordered: 300 mL NS over 2 h

Question 64

In Exercises 18, calculate the flow rate for manually regulated IVs.
Ordered: 50 mL penicillin IV over 1 h, refer to label B.
Figure 10-15 Look at the drop factor for IV tubing to calculate flow rates.

Question 65

In Exercises 4, find the total time to infuse.
Ordered: 1000 mL NS at 200 mL/h

Question 66

For Exercises 6, determine the amount to administer and calculate the flow rate in milliliters per hour and drops per minute.
Ordered: Gemzar 150 mg in 500 mL NSS over 2 h
On hand: Refer to IV tubing packaging C, label D, and package insert E (Figure 10-20).
Figure 10 - 20 IV tubing packaging, Gemzar label, and package insert.
Figure 10 - 20 Concluded.
Flow rate in milliliters per hour: ____________

Question 67

Answer the following questions.
List the four functional categories of IV solutions.

Question 68

Match the following. Write the answer in the space provided.
___ Infusion pump
a. type of fluid given to a patient with a severe burn
b. type of fluid given to a patient who is dehydrated
c. the patient is in charge of delivering his or her own pain medications
d. provide access to the vascular system for emergency situations
e. redness, swelling, and pain at an IV site
f. applies pressure to administer an IV fluid
g. used to control the rate of an IV infusion

Question 69

In Exercises 14, find the flow rate for the orders, rounded to the nearest drop.
2200 mL IV RL q24h (15 gtt/mL tubing)

Question 70

In Exercises 24, find the total time to infuse.
Ordered: 800 mL NS at 50 mL/h via rate controller

Question 71

250 mL NS with 1 gram Ancef over 30 minutes via 15 gtt/mL tubing

Question 72

In Exercises 2, identify the IV equipment that you would use in each instance.
Adjust the flow rate of an IV solution.

Question 73

In Exercises 3, find the flow rate in milliliters per hour.
Ordered: 3000 mL 0.45% NS q24h

Question 74

In Exercises 19, calculate the flow rate for manually regulated IVs.
Ordered: 750 mL 5%D NS over 5 h, refer to label C.
Figure 10-16 When calculating the gtt/min of an IV, always check the package to determine the calibration of the IV tubing you will be using.

Question 75

In Exercises 5, find the total time to infuse.
Ordered 250 mL D5W at 100 mL/h using an infusion pump

Question 76

For Exercises 7, determine the amount to administer and calculate the flow rate in milliliters per hour and drops per minute.
Ordered: Gemzar 150 mg in 500 mL NSS over 2 h
On hand: Refer to IV tubing packaging C, label D, and package insert E (Figure 10-20).
Figure 10 - 20 IV tubing packaging, Gemzar label, and package insert.
Figure 10 - 20 Concluded.
Flow rate in drops per minute: ______________

Question 77

Match the following. Write the answer in the space provided.
___ Roller clamp
a. type of fluid given to a patient with a severe burn
b. type of fluid given to a patient who is dehydrated
c. the patient is in charge of delivering his or her own pain medications
d. provide access to the vascular system for emergency situations
e. redness, swelling, and pain at an IV site
f. applies pressure to administer an IV fluid
g. used to control the rate of an IV infusion

Question 78

Answer the following questions.
Under what circumstances would a patient most likely need central line IV therapy?

Question 79

Answer the following questions.
An IV of 500 mL is begun at 11 a.m. and the flow rate is 15 gtt/minute (10 gtt/mL tubing). At what time will the infusion be complete?

Question 80

In Exercises 25, find the total time to infuse.
Ordered: 600 mL LR IV at 25 mL/h