Deck 11: Diet and Health

Question 1

A chronic state of inflammation can be harmful to the tissues.

Answer 1

In inflammation, at the infected area blood flow increases, the blood vessels become more permeable, allowing the immune system's white blood cells to move to the infected site. Chronic inflammation is abnormal and does not benefit the body. Chronic inflammation is involved in a number of disease states. In state of chronic inflammation, Cells of inflamed tissues produce hormone-like communication molecules, free radicals, blood clotting factors, and other bioactive chemicals that alter functioning and sustain the inflammatory response. Hence, the given statement is .

Question 2

Sufficient intakes of calcium-rich foods may increase the risk of colon cancer.

Answer 2

Calcium soaps are insoluble complexes of fatty acids and bile acids along with calcium ions. These insoluble complexes are involved in the reduction of damage of the colon by the acids and also involved in the damaged cell repairing.
Calcium also acts directly to reduce cell proliferation and cause proliferating colon cells to undergo differentiation. Calcium also improves signaling within cells and make cancer cells to differentiate and/or die. Hence, the given statement is .

Question 3

For safety, a person seeking medical help should inform their physician about use of herbs or other alternative medicines.

Answer 3

For safety, a person seeking medical help should inform their physician about use of herbs or other alternative medicines. Physician has complete information about the herb or medicine. When people does not have any medical knowledge and take medicine without the prescription or concern of physician then it will cause some harmful side-effect and create a severe condition. Hence, the statement is .

Question 4

The DASH diet is designed for athletes who compete in sprinting events.

Question 5

A healthy digestive system defends against invading microbes because

A) its linings are absorptive.
B) its linings are heavily laced with immune tissues.
C) its linings are permeable.
D) its linings are warm and moist.

Question 6

The DASH diet is characterized by increased intakes of____________.

A) fruits and vegetables
B) whole grains
C) artificial fats
D) a and b

Question 7

Chronic diseases have distinct causes, known as risk factors.

Question 8

Currently, for the best chance of consuming adequate nutrients and staying healthy, people should obtain an evaluation of their genetic profile.

Question 9

Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease

A) high blood HDL cholesterol
B) low blood pressure
C) low blood LDL cholesterol
D) diabetes

Question 10

By what age do most people have well-developed plaques in their arteries

A) 20 years
B) 30 years
C) 40 years
D) 50 years

Question 11

Atherosclerosis is simply the accumulation of lipids within the artery wall.

Question 12

An "atherogenic diet" is high in all of the following except __________.

A) fiber
B) cholesterol
C) saturated fats
D) trans fats

Question 13

Men suffer more often from heart attacks than women do, making CVD a man's disease.

Question 14

Smoking powerfully raises the risk for CVD in men and women in all of the following ways except

A) decreasing the heart's workload.
B) making blood clots more likely.
C) directly damaging the heart with toxins.
D) raising the blood pressure.

Question 15

Which of the following minerals may help to regulate blood pressure

A) phosphorus
B) iron
C) potassium
D) zinc

Question 16

Define the status of nutritional genomics research. Provide two examples of where this type of research is leading us.

Question 17

The most important step that a person can take to protect against hypertension is to be tested for it.

Question 18

Complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) warrant a cautious approach; these treatments often lack evidence for safety or effectiveness.

Question 19

Hypertension is more severe and occurs earlier in life among people of European or Asian descent than among African Americans.

Question 20

All of the following are examples of how diseases might worsen malnutrition except

A) disease impairs appetite.
B) disease interferes with digestion and absorption.
C) disease decreases nutrient excretion.
D) disease alters metabolism

Question 21

For the great majority of cancers, lifestyle factors and environmental exposures are the major risk factors.

Question 22

Explain how SNPs may cause disease.

Question 23

Which of the following have been associated with an increase in cancer risk

A) alcohol intake
B) high intakes of red meat
C) high intakes of processed meats
D) all of the above

Question 24

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) promotes laetrile therapy.

Question 25

When calorie intakes rise, cancer rates also increase.