Deck 13: Health, Stress, and Coping

Question 1

The psychological defense known as denial refers to the natural tendency to explain or justify one's actions. T or F?

Answer 1

Psychological defense mechanism is a mental process which is used to deny, avoid or distort the sources of anxiety. The process is especially used to threat one's image. These various types of defenses were identified by Sigmund Freund. He assumed that these mechanisms operated unconsciously.
The process that manipulates the distortion of reality includes repression (painful feeling buried), identification (incorporating thought into oneself) and rationalization (justification and motivation of one's behavior).
The basic mechanism of defense is the denial mechanism. It means protecting an individual from any unpleasing reality. It counters it by refusing to believe or accept it. For example, deny in illness, death or any threatening events.
So, the given statement is .

Question 2

Adjustment to chronic illness and the control of pain are topics that would more likely be of interest to a specialist in ______________________ rather than a health psychologist.

Answer 2

Health is priceless and is very important for ones well being. The health psychology therefore, aims to prevent the illness and death by using the behavioral principles. The prevention further promotes health.
The health psychology includes the control of pain and helps an individual to cope up with the chronic illness. The diseases related to stress are also coped up and also the self screening is performed related to the particular disease.
There are various behavioral risk factors because of which people are affected by them. One of the factors is the lifestyle of people. Nowadays, the disease related to lifestyle causes various problems like the strokes, heart attacks, cancers of lungs, AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency disease) and many more.
The adjustment to the chronic illness and the pain control are certain topics. They would be of the interest to specialist in behavioral medicine rather than health psychologist. The field of behavioral medicine applies the psychology to deal with problems like asthma and diabetes.
So, the given blank can be filled with .

Question 3

The first signs of psychosomatic disorders begin to appear during the stage of

A) alarm
B) exhaustion
C) resistance
D) Appraisal

Answer 3

Stress is the behavioral factor. It is the physical and mental condition which occurs when we are able to adapt to the environment. It includes various events like pressures of the work, problems related to marriage or any financial stress and many more.
The long term stress could be examined by the mechanism of the body. It could be understood by a pattern known as GAS (general adaptation syndrome).
The psychosomatic disorders that comprises of the GAS pattern, initially does not comprise to the stage of alarm. In this, the body copes up with added stress to mobilize with the resources. The disorder, further do not comprise of exhaustion (resources of the body are drained) and appraisal.
Hence, the options a, b and d are incorrect.
Psychosomatic disorders are the disorders which are triggered by the psychological factors. The initial or first sign of the psychosomatic disorders begins to appear during the stage of resistance. In this, the body is adjusted to certain stressful conditions.
Hence, the correct answer is option .

Question 4

Ratings on the SRRS are based on the total number of ___________ a person experienced in the preceding year.

A) hassles
B) LCUs
C) STDs
D) psychosomatic illnesses

Question 5

Exercise, meditation, and progressive relaxation are considered effective ways of countering negative self-statements. T or F?

Question 6

Fulfilling frustrated desires in imaginary achievements or activities defines the defense mechanism of

A) compensation
B) isolation
C) fantasy
D) sublimation

Question 7

With respect to health, which of the following is not a major behavioral risk factor?

A) overexercise
B) cigarette smoking
C) stress
D) high blood pressure

Question 8

Students taking stressful final exams are more susceptible to the cold virus, a pattern best explained by the concept of

A) the disease-prone personality
B) psychoneuroimmunology
C) emotion-focused coping
D) reaction formation

Question 9

The SRRS appears to predict long-range changes in health, whereas the frequency and severity of daily microstressors is closely related to immediate ratings of health. T or F?

Question 10

A person using progressive relaxation for stress management is most likely trying to control which component of stress?

A) bodily reactions
B) upsetting thoughts
C) ineffective behavior
D) the primary appraisal

Question 11

In compensation, one's own undesirable characteristics or motives are attributed to others. T or F?

Question 12

Lifestyle diseases related to just six behaviors account for 70 percent of all medical costs. The behaviors are smoking, alcohol abuse, drug abuse, poor diet, insufficient exercise, and

A) driving too fast
B) excessive sun exposure
C) unsafe sex
D) exposure to toxins

Question 13

Whereas stressful incidents suppress the immune system, stress management techniques have almost no effect on immune system functioning. T or F?

Question 14

Ulcers, migraine headaches, and hypochondria are all frequently psychosomatic disorders. T or F?

Question 15

Research shows that social support from family and friends has little effect on the health consequences of stress. T or F?

Question 16

Of the defense mechanisms, two that are considered relatively constructive are

A) compensation
B) denial
C) isolation
D) projection
E) regression
F) rationalization
G) sublimation

Question 17

Health-promoting behaviors that combat hypertension include the following: lose weight, consume less sodium, use alcohol sparingly, and get more

A) sleep
B) exercise
C) carbohydrates
D) cholesterol

Question 18

Emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced accomplishment are characteristics of job___________________

Question 19

Which of the following is not classified as a psychosomatic disorder?

A) hypertension
B) colitis
C) eczema
D) thymus

Question 20

While taking a stressful classroom test you say to yourself, "Stay organized, focus on the task." It's obvious that you are using

A) guided imagery
B) coping statements
C) LCUs
D) guided relaxation

Question 21

Depression in humans is similar to __________ ___________ observed in animal experiments.

Question 22

Health psychologists tend to prefer ___________ rather than modifying habits (like smoking) that become difficult to break once they are established.

Question 23

Two major elements of biofeedback training appear to be relaxation and self-regulation. T or F?

Question 24

Learned helplessness tends to occur when events appear to be

A) frustrating
B) in conflict
C) uncontrollable
D) problem-focused

Question 25

The disease-prone personality is marked by ___________ ___________ anxiety, and hostility.

Question 26

According to Richard Lazarus, choosing a way to meet a threat or challenge takes place during the
a. primary stress reaction
b. secondary stress reaction
c. primary appraisal
d. secondary appraisal

Question 27

Anger, hostility, and mistrust appear to be the core lethal factors in

A) hypochondria
B) learned helplessness
C) the GAS
D) Type A behavior

Question 28

College students suffering from depression have lower grades than nondepressed students. T or F?

Question 29

Which of the following is not a common reaction to frustration?

A) ambivalence
B) aggression
C) displace aggression
D) persistence

Question 30

A sense of commitment, challenge, and control characterizes the hardy personality. T or F?

Question 31

Frequent self-criticism and self-blame are a natural consequence of doing college work. T or F?

Question 32

Displaced aggression is closely related to the pattern of behavior known as

A) scapegoating
B) leaving the field
C) stereotyped responding
D) burnout

Question 33

You would be most likely to experience vacillation if you found yourself in

A) an approach-approach conflict
B) an avoidance-avoidance conflict
C) a double approach-avoidance conflict
D) the condition called emotion-focused coping