Question 1

Where is most of the DNA found in the cell?&#10;A)nucleus&#10;B)mitochondria&#10;C)Golgi

Accepted Answer

The majority of DNA is found within the chromosomes of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. While mitochondria do contain a small amount of DNA, it is not the primary location for genetic material within the cell. The Golgi complex is primarily involved in protein transportation and modification, and does not contain DNA.

Question 2

Describe why eukaryotic cells being compartmentalized can make their metabolism more complex?&#10;A)different chemical reactions can occur in isolation of each other&#10;B)different chemical reactions can occur together more frequently&#10;C)only compartmentalized cells perform complex processes such as photosynthesis

Accepted Answer

Compartmentalization allows for different chemical reactions to occur in isolation of each other, which can increase the complexity of metabolic pathways. For example, enzymatic reactions can occur within organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, and lysosomes, which allows for efficient utilization of energy and nutrients. Additionally, different compartments can have different pH levels, ion concentrations, and other environmental factors, which can affect enzyme activity and lead to more complex metabolic interactions.

Question 3

Inside which organelle are secreted proteins often usually synthesized?&#10;A)nucleus&#10;B)Golgi body&#10;C)endoplasmic reticulum

Accepted Answer

Secreted proteins are often synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) before being transported to the Golgi body for modification, sorting, and secretion. The nucleus is not involved in protein synthesis or secretion.

Question 4

What property of the phospholipid bilayer allows proteins to move laterally in the membrane?&#10;A)proteins attract each other with opposite charges&#10;B)phospholipid molecules are not covalently bonded to each other&#10;C)phospholipids are attracted to each other by opposite charges

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid molecules in the bilayer are not covalently bonded to each other, allowing for lateral movement of proteins within the membrane. This property is known as fluidity. Choice A is incorrect because it refers to protein-protein interactions, which are not the main driving force for lateral movement. Choice C is incorrect because although phospholipids have polar head groups that can interact through electrostatic interactions, these interactions do not significantly contribute to lateral movement.

Question 5

Explain why phospholipids spontaneously form bilayer when mixed with water?&#10;A)because they have on end that is polar and another that is non-polar&#10;B)because the polar tails come together in the inside of the membrane&#10;C)because the polar head groups come together

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have one end that is polar (the head group) and another that is non-polar (the tail). When mixed with water, the polar head groups are attracted to water molecules while the non-polar tails are repelled by water molecules. This causes the phospholipids to spontaneously arrange themselves into a bilayer with the tails facing each other and the heads facing the water on either side of the bilayer.

Question 6

Which of the following does a prokaryotic cell shave that an animal cell does not?&#10;A)DNA&#10;B)ribosomes&#10;C)cell wall

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan, which animal cells do not have. Both prokaryotic and animal cells have DNA and ribosomes.

Question 7

What is the major component of the plant cell wall?&#10;A)starch&#10;B)glycogen&#10;C)cellulose

Accepted Answer

Cellulose is the major component of plant cell walls, providing structural support and protection to the cell. Starch and glycogen are both forms of glucose storage utilized by animals and some microorganisms, but they are not found in plant cell walls.

Question 8

Which type of microspore can be used to view cellular organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi?&#10;A)light microscope&#10;B)transmission electron microscope&#10;C)scanning electron microscope

Accepted Answer

The transmission electron microscope is the best choice for viewing cellular organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi because it uses electrons to create a high-resolution image and has a higher magnification than a light microscope or a scanning electron microscope.

Question 9

Why do charged molecules have difficulty crossing a phospholipid bilayer?&#10;A)they are too big&#10;B)they are too nonpolar&#10;C)they are too polar

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid bilayer is a hydrophobic membrane that only allows nonpolar molecules to diffuse or pass through it. Charged molecules (ions) are polar in nature and cannot cross the nonpolar interior of the bilayer due to their electrostatic interactions. Therefore, charged molecules have difficulty crossing a phospholipid bilayer.

Question 10

Stimulation of a cell by a molecule that the cell itself makes is called _____ stimulation.(Outcome #2)&#10;A)autocrine&#10;B)paracrine&#10;C)anacrine

Accepted Answer

Autocrine stimulation refers to the process of stimulation of a cell by a molecule that the cell itself produces. This self-stimulation process is common in various physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer.

Question 11

Which if the following are found in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?&#10;A)Golgi body&#10;B)DNA&#10;C)ribosomes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which if the following are found in...

Question 12

Which of the following carbohydrates is used to store energy in plant cells?&#10;A)starch&#10;B)glycogen&#10;C)cellulose

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following carbohydrates is used...

Question 13

The inside of a phospholipid bilayer is known as being:&#10;A)hydrophobic&#10;B)hypotonic&#10;C)hydrophilic

Accepted Answer

The answer of The inside of a phospholipid bilayer is...

Question 14

The study of DNA and inheritance is known as:&#10;A)physiology&#10;B)genetics&#10;C)anatomy

Accepted Answer

The answer of The study of DNA and inheritance is...

Question 15

Which of the following carbohydrates is used to store energy in animal cells? (Clone1)&#10;A)starch&#10;B)glycogen&#10;C)cellulose

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following carbohydrates is used...

Deck 3: Cell Structure and Function