Deck 7: The Roman Empire

Question 1

The Emperor Trajan commissioned which of the following?

A) the Colosseum
B) an Arch of Triumph now in Paris
C) the Ara Pacis
D) the column depicting his victories

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following best describes and distinguishes the "Fourth Style" of Roman painting?

A) Masonry
B) Linear Fantasies
C) Dissolution of confining walls
D) Architectural Illusionism

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following describes the Temple of "Fortuna Virilis" (Temple of Portunus),Rome?

A) pseudo-peripteral
B) peripteral
C) marble façade
D) placed on a stylobate

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following best describes and distinguishes the "First Style" of Roman painting?

A) Architectural
B) Intricate
C) Masonry
D) Ornate

Question 5

Pompeian wall paintings of the Second Style are characterized by which of the following?

A) fantastic architecture based on the theater
B) painted copies of inlaid stonework
C) various sections, some painted decoratively
D) the wall seemingly opening up into an illusionistic landscape

Question 6

Which of the following is uniquely Greek in style and was imported to Rome in the first century BCE?

A) rectangular shaped temples
B) tholos style temples
C) cement facades
D) Tuscan columns

Question 7

Where would an oculus be found?

A) at the center of a dome
B) in the wall of a temple
C) as part of a Roman peristyle
D) in the apse of a basilica

Question 8

The Republican portraits are usually of older men.Which of the following explains the life-like veritism of these portraits?

A) the Hellenistic tradition of portraiture
B) the Etruscan tradition of funereal sculpture
C) the tradition of the treasured household imagines
D) the new Republican tradition of portraiture

Question 9

Freed slaves often ordered portrait reliefs for their tombs.Which of the following is the best reason for this?

A) celebrate their new status as free
B) reminder of their former status as slaves
C) commemorate their status as Roman citizens
D) celebrate their immortality via portraiture

Question 10

The most pronounced influence of Greek Classical art on Roman art could be seen in work done for which of the following?

A) the Roman Republic
B) the Emperor Augustus
C) Trajan
D) Constantine

Question 11

Which of the following structural materials allowed the architect of the Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia to raise such a grand and eloquent expression of Roman power?

A) concrete
B) marble
C) bronze rebar
D) metal armatures

Question 12

Which of the following would describe the "baroque" style of the 2nd century CE tomb nicknamed Al-Khazneh,the Treasury,located at Petra?

A) studied disregard for classical rules
B) studied regard for classical rules
C) experimentation with new architectural rules
D) standard use of forms and motifs to reflect Middle Eastern funerary architecture

Question 13

The Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia was characterized by which of the following?

A) monumental concrete barrel vaults
B) pseudo-peripteral style
C) use of bucrania
D) religious frescoes

Question 14

Flavian portraits,unlike Republican portraits,showed people of all ages and both sexes.Which of the following was one of the purposes of the portrait bust of the Flavian Woman (probably a Flavian princess)?

A) show Republican virtue
B) show divinity of the woman
C) show her Greek ancestry
D) show idealized beauty

Question 15

Which of the following was the first to break with tradition and use his portrait on Roman coinage?

A) Caesar Augustus
B) Pompey
C) Julius Caesar
D) Tiberius

Question 16

Roman temple design during the Republican period reflected the colossal design of the Greek Hellenistic style.This can be seen in which of the following temples?

A) Temple of "Fortuna Virilis" (Portunus), Rome
B) Temple of Vesta, Tivoli
C) Pantheon, Rome
D) Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, Palestrina

Question 17

The Arch of Titus shows the military triumphs of Titus,returning after the successful conclusion of the Jewish Wars in 70 CE.Which of the following was also included in the sculptural program for the Arch of Titus?

A) celebration of imperial virtues
B) celebration of the ancestry of Titus
C) celebration of the birthplace of Titus
D) celebration of the reign of Nero

Question 18

The Pantheon was one of the most influential designs in the history of architecture.It brought new meaning to the concept of "architectural space." Which of the following descriptions characterize this influential work?

A) the design is based on the intersection of two squares
B) the design is based on the intersection of two circles
C) the design is based on the intersection of two rectangles
D) the design is based on the trapezoid

Question 19

A large palace/fort was built at Split in Yugoslavia by _______________.

A) Julius Caesar
B) Trajan
C) Diocletian
D) Constantine

Question 20

Which of the following would be located in a forum and would house the law court for the city?

A) stoa
B) Capitolium
C) basilica
D) arena

Question 21

How does the equestrian portrait of Marcus Aurelius convey the power of the emperor?

Question 22

Who or what is Mithras?

Question 23

What are characteristics of concrete and what effect did it have upon building design?

Question 24

How does eclecticism describe the Republican Temple of Fortuna Virilis,Rome?

Question 25

Which famous Roman building included all of the following features: barrel vaults,groin vaults,and a central dome over an eight-sided room.

A) Pantheon.
B) Basilica Ulpia
C) Colosseum
D) Villa of Mysteries

Question 26

How did the Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia at Palestrina reflect Roman architectural design and expression?

Question 27

How does a vault differ from a post-and-lintel system?

Question 28

Coffering was a useful architectural device in that it performed what function?

A) helped expand interior space
B) helped lighten the weight of a dome or arch
C) supplied an accurate means of measurement for the Romans
D) enabled extensive road systems to be built

Question 29

The figures from the frieze of the Villa of Mysteries are thought to depict an initiation into which of the following?

A) cult of Demeter
B) cult of Persephone
C) cult of Dionysus
D) cult of Sol Invictus

Question 30

How did the Pax Augusta (Augustan Peace)or Pax Romana affect Roman construction in the Mediterranean?

Question 31

The reliefs on the Column of Trajan are not a reliable chronological account of the Dacian campaigns;however,they do present an accurate record of the general character of the campaigns.Which of the following also describes this narrative?

A) Dacians were depicted as insignificant with poor military skills
B) Dacians were never depicted, only Trajan was depicted
C) no active battles were depicted
D) Dacians were depicted respectfully and their skills as warriors were acknowledged

Question 32

In contrast to a Greek temple,Roman temples usually were _______________.
A) set on a stylobate

A) pseudo-peripteral
B) constructed on a hill
D) constructed of wood

Question 33

What is a groin vault?

Question 34

How did influences from Christianity and eastern religions affect Roman funerary practices?

Question 35

Christianity was recognized as the official religion of Rome in the early fourth century CE by which of the following?

A) Diocletian
B) Constantine
C) Marcus Aurelius
D) Trajan

Question 36

Which style of wall painting was least characteristic of Roman wall painting?

A) architectural frames
B) illusionism
C) mathematical linear perspective
D) eclecticism

Question 37

How do the portraits of Livia reflect Classical Greek sculpture?

Question 38

The palace at Tivoli was constructed for which of the following emperors?

A) Augustus
B) Nero
C) Constantine
D) Hadrian

Question 39

What is atmospheric perspective?

Question 40

How did Augustus change the purpose of portrait sculpture?

Question 41

Evaluate the role of Augustus as a patron of the arts.Use examples to support your essay.

Question 42

Compare and contrast the Arch of Titus with the Arch of Constantine.What are the similarities and differences? How does each monument represent the emperor and his century?

Question 43

Discuss the type of vaulting used in this building: How was it constructed and what effect did it have on the size of the building and the amount of interior light available?

Question 44

Contrast the verisist preferences in Republican portraiture with Imperial portraiture.Use examples to support your essay.

Question 45

Describe Roman painting styles;how did they evolve? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 46

Discuss the difference between art commissioned from the Imperial workshops and art produced for the working class.Use examples to support your essay.

Question 47

Explain the techniques used by Roman architects and describe the types of buildings they created.Use examples to support your essay.

Question 48

How does this image represent imperial virtues?

Question 49

How is the sculptural decoration significant on this monument?

Question 50

How does this work typify Roman architecture?

Question 51

How does this image represent the Roman middle-class and professional citizen?

Question 52

How did the political situation in third century CE Rome differ from that of the first century CE,and what effect did that have on art? Cite specific monuments to illustrate your discussion.

Question 53

How is this style innovative?

Question 54

Compare and contrast the Greek Parthenon with the Roman Pantheon.How does each represent its period and culture?

Question 55

Identify this object.What does it say about Antonine Rome?

Question 56

What does this figure represent?

Question 57

How does this image reflect the innovation of Roman architecture?

Question 58

Explain the contributions of Diocletian and how he impacted the Late Empire period.Use examples to support your essay.