Deck 7: Policing Organizations and Practices

Question 1

Data indicate that ______ are more likely to be subjects of stop-and-frisk policies.

A)people of color
B)people who are educated
C)people who identify as male
D)people who live in rural areas

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Sir Robert Peel is responsible for the formation of ______.

A)Lincolnshire Metropolitan Police Force
B)London Metropolitan Police Force
C)Los Angeles Metropolitan Police Force
D)Washington Metropolitan Police Force

Answer 2

B

Question 3

In terms of geographic jurisdiction, there are three levels of policing: federal, state, and ______.

A)local
B)county
C)tribal
D)international

Answer 3

A

Question 4

During the ______ police operations were generally conducted via foot patrols and officers engaged in both crime fighting and social services.

A)community service era
B)political era
C)reform era
D)information era

Question 5

Which of the following departments/agencies is considered to be the first federal law enforcement organization that was created by Congress?

A)the Secret Service
B)the Department of Homeland Security
C)the U.S.Marshals
D)the Department of Justice

Question 6

The ______ began with the emergence of professional police departments during the 1840s and continued throughout the early 20th century.

A)community service era
B)political era
C)reform era
D)information era

Question 7

Early police organizations in America were heavily influenced by ______.

A)the British
B)the Spanish
C)the Italians
D)the Irish

Question 8

August Vollmer advocated for the hiring of which of the following individuals?

A)college-educated officers
B)technologically savvy officers
C)military experienced officers
D)politicians

Question 9

The technological innovations that have altered the daily lives of officers on the street is a characteristics of the ______.

A)reform era
B)political era
C)information era
D)community problem-solving era

Question 10

Which of the following types of policies allow for police to use their discretion to briefly detain an individual if they believe that he or she may be engaging in illegal behavior and to pat down the individual's exterior clothing if they believe the individual may have a weapon?

A)three strikes
B)stand your ground
C)stop-and-frisk
D)random patrols

Question 11

The ______ is a time period in which the primary strategy involved the use of foot patrols to better connect with people.

A)reform era
B)political era
C)information era
D)community problem-solving era

Question 12

President Abraham Lincoln established the ______ on the day he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth.

A)Department of Homeland Security
B)Federal Bureau of Investigation
C)Secret Service
D)Department of Defense

Question 13

Foot patrols were eliminated during which of the following eras?

A)reform era
B)political era
C)information era
D)community problem-solving era

Question 14

Stop-and-frisk policies originated in which of the following states?

A)California
B)Texas
C)Ohio
D)New York

Question 15

Which of the following agencies falls under the Department of Justice?

A)U.S.Customs and Border Protection
B)Secret Service
C)Drug Enforcement Administration
D)Federal Emergency Management Agency

Question 16

Which of the following was identified as one of Robert Peel's principles of policing?

A)the ability of the police to perform their duties is dependent upon congressional approval of police actions
B)the test of police effectiveness is the visible evidence of police action in dealing with crime
C)police should always appear to usurp the powers of the judiciary
D)police must secure the willing cooperation of the public in voluntary observance of the law to be able to secure and maintain the respect of the public

Question 17

During the ______ agencies became large, bureaucratic organizations with several levels of management.

A)community problem-solving era
B)political era
C)reform era
D)information era

Question 18

Which era used law rather than politics as the foundation for modern policing?

A)community problem-solving era
B)political era
C)reform era
D)information era

Question 19

______ determines when and how the criminal justice can respond.

A)Discretion
B)Hot-spot
C)Jurisdiction
D)Chain of command

Question 20

The test of police ______ is the absence of crime and disorder, not the visible evidence of police action in dealing with it.

A)quality
B)brutality
C)service
D)efficiency

Question 21

Which of the following statements regarding women in policing is true?

A)Women are more likely to be employed in larger jurisdictions.
B)Many women have navigated their way to the top position of police chief.
C)Women are not generally passed over for promotions.
D)Sexual harassment in policing is unheard of.

Question 22

The first female police officer was hired by the ______.

A)Los Angeles Police Department
B)Chicago Police Department
C)New York Police Department
D)Dallas Police Department

Question 23

Which agency handles investigations related to crimes such as illegal immigration, human trafficking, child exploitation, fraud, and financial crimes?

A)U.S.Immigration and Customs Enforcement
B)Homeland Security
C)Federal Bureau of Investigations
D)U.S.Secret Service

Question 24

County sheriffs are responsible for which of the following?

A)providing investigative and emergency assistance
B)providing patrol services along interstate highways
C)protecting noted political dignitaries
D)providing patrol services to unincorporated areas

Question 25

The ______ is considered to be the largest law enforcement agency within the Department of Justice.

A)Central Intelligence Agency
B)Drug Enforcement Administration
C)Federal Bureau of Investigation
C)Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives

Question 26

Highway patrols are considered to be ______.

A)local law enforcement
B)state law enforcement
C)federal law enforcement
D)tribal law enforcement

Question 27

The U.S.Secret Service is known for investigating which of the following types of crimes?

A)arson
B)financial crimes
C)terrorism
D)human trafficking

Question 28

Which of the following was identified as a significant barrier that women faced in the field of policing?

A)lack of appropriately sized uniforms
B)unlimited promotion opportunities
C)lack of family-friendly policies
D)lack of collegiality amongst male officers

Question 29

Which survey collects data on state and local law enforcement agencies?

A)U.S.Labor and Statistics
B)Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics
C)Federal Law Enforcement Equality Statistics
D)Uniform Crime Report

Question 30

Today, the largest state agency is ______.

A)New York State Police
B)North Dakota
C)California Highway Patrol
D)Nevada Highway Patrol

Question 31

Local-level police departments that have geographic jurisdiction limited to a specific city or region are referred to as ______.

A)highway patrols
B)county sheriffs
C)municipal police
D)federal agents

Question 32

Who was the first African-American appointed to Chief of Police in 1992?

A)Samuel Battle
B)Robert W.Stewart
C)Wiley G.Overton
D)Willie L.Williams

Question 33

Which of the following agencies/departments provides security and transportation for federal inmates while they are awaiting trial?

A)U.S.Marshals
B)Drug Enforcement Administration
C)Federal Bureau of Investigation
C)Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives

Question 34

The Federal Bureau of Investigations works towards which of the following goals?

A)preventing terrorism and promoting the nation's security consistent with the rule of law
B)proving investigative and emergency assistance to local agencies
C)protecting the nation's borders and preventing acts of terrorism
D)streamlining resources and improving communications among federal agencies

Question 35

The smallest police agency is located in ______.

A)New York State Police
B)North Dakota
C)California Highway Patrol
D)Nevada Highway Patrol

Question 36

The majority of special law enforcement officers serve for ______.

A)university police agencies
B)public school districts
C)port authorities
D)airport police

Question 37

Which is the smallest law enforcement agency under the Department of Homeland Security?

A)U.S.Immigration and Customs Enforcement
B)U.S.Customs and Border Protection
C)Federal Emergency Management Agency
D)U.S.Secret Service

Question 38

Research indicates that policewomen have been particularly successful within models of community policing due to enhanced ______.

A)problem-solving skills through correlation
B)interrogations skills through communication
C)problem-solving skills through communication
D)investigative skills through correlation

Question 39

The typical role of women hired by police agencies in the twentieth century included ______.

A)correctional
B)investigative
C)clerical
D)social work

Question 40

Which of the following agencies is generally known as the protective detail of noticed political dignitaries, including the president of the United States?

A)U.S.Immigration and Customs Enforcement
B)U.S.Customs and Border Protection
C)Federal Emergency Management Agency
D)U.S.Secret Service

Question 41

______ is "a philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear of crime."

A)Order maintenance policing
B)Hot-spot policing
C)Community policing
D)Directed patrol policing

Question 42

Which of the following was identified as a barrier to diversity for police organizations?

A)education
B)funding
C)retention
D)training

Question 43

______ is a type of directed patrol that uses crime-mapping technologies.

A)Random
B)Indirect
C)Hot-spot
D)Foot

Question 44

The police chief is appointed by ______.

A)the mayor
B)the commissioner
C)the county judge
D)the people

Question 45

The limited number of minorities in upper management can _____.

A)encourage citizens to apply to the police force
B)encourage officers to seek upper management positions
C)impact retention of qualified minority candidates
D)impact the morale of the department

Question 46

The ______ found that increasing (or decreasing) the level of police presence in a region did not have a significant effect on crimes such as burglary, theft, robbery, or vandalism.Such changes in patrol patterns also did not impact citizen satisfaction levels with their police or their fear about crime.

A)Kentucky Preventative Patrol Experiment
B)Las Vegas Preventative Patrol Experiment
C)Kansas City Preventative Patrol Experiment
D)New York City Preventative Patrol Experiment

Question 47

______ encourages police officers not just to look at individual crimes or issues but rather to understand the root causes of crime.

A)Order maintenance policing
B)Predictive policing
C)Community policing
D)Problem-oriented policing

Question 48

Police departments that are smaller in size are more likely to have a large representation of ______ police officers.

A)White
B)Hispanic/Latino
C)Black
D)Asian

Question 49

Which president's Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice suggested that minority officers would not only have a greater understanding of the needs of these communities, but would also have greater credibility?

A)Lyndon B.Johnson
B)John F.Kennedy
C)Jimmy Carter
D)Harry S.Truman

Question 50

Which of the following statements regarding diversity in policing is true?

A)The size of the department can impact the racial and ethnic diversity of its officers.
B)The larger the department, the less racially and ethnically diverse are the sworn personnel.
C)The size of the department does not alter which racial and ethnic minorities are represented.
D)The race and ethnicity of the police chief is an indicator of the representation of minorities in departments.

Question 51

In 2018, the majority of the police officers in the Los Angeles Police Department identified as ______.

A)White
B)Hispanic/Latino
C)Black
D)Asian

Question 52

______ policing is influenced by the broken windows theory, which suggests that when lesser acts of disorder are left unattended in a neighborhood, there is an increased risk for serious crime to breed.

A)Order maintenance
B)Aggressive maintenance
C)Hot spot
D)Community

Question 53

The ______ is the first rank that carries supervisory duties.

A)assistant chief
B)captain
C)sergeant
D)lieutenant

Question 54

The ______ is responsible for a subdivision of the police department, such as community affairs, internal affairs, or intelligence.

A)assistant chief
B)captain
C)sergeant
D)lieutenant

Question 55

Which of the following is a part of the process of predictive policing?

A)follow-up
B)victim response
C)police operations
D)intervention

Question 56

______ targets a specific area of a city.

A)Foot patrol
B)Directed patrol
C)Random patrol
D)Preventive patrol

Question 57

______ are responsible for following a case throughout the investigation.

A)Police chiefs
B)Sergeants
C)Lieutenants
D)Detectives

Question 58

The ______ was established within the Department of Justice in 1994 as part of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act.

A)Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
B)Office of Order Maintenance Policing Services
C)Office of Violent Crime Policing Services
D)Office of Problem-Oriented Policing Services

Question 59

Which of the following are considered to be core components of CompStat?

A)effective information sharing
B)timely and accurate information or intelligence
C)relentless investigation
D)planned deployment of resources

Question 60

In the chain of command, which of these is the lowest level?

A)assistant chief
B)sergeant
C)captain
D)detective

Question 61

The mission of the Department of Homeland Security is centered on protecting our nation's borders and preventing acts of terrorism.

Question 62

The size of the department can impact the racial and ethnic diversity of its officers

Question 63

Which of the following statements is consistent with the argument that targeting policing is a good strategy?

A)Hot-spots policing has reduced crime in targeted areas.
B)The data can result in systemic over policing of various populations.
C)It can harm police-community relations.
D)It can damage democracy.

Question 64

There are 250 departments who are responsible for providing law enforcement for public school districts.

Question 65

There are also agencies that have jurisdiction over special areas, such as college campuses, transportation agencies, or special-subject enforcement agencies.

Question 66

Women officers are typically not involved in cases of police brutality and corruption.

Question 67

Research indicates that male officers are more than 8½ times more likely than female officers to be accused of excessive force.

Question 68

New York City does not have the greatest number of officers proportionate to the population.

Question 69

Sir Robert Peel said, "police seek and preserve public favor not by catering to the public opinion but by constantly demonstrating absolute impartial service to the law."

Question 70

Which of the following tools is used consistently by criminal justice street-level bureaucrats and is often at the center of controversies involving discriminatory, unfair, political, and abusive behavior?

A)honesty
B)duty
C)discretion
D)corruption

Question 71

Local law enforcement accounts for the majority of all law enforcement agencies.

Question 72

The information era is a time period in which the primary strategy involved the use of foot patrols to better connect with community members.

Question 73

State law enforcement agencies provide investigative emergency assistance to local agencies and federal agencies.

Question 74

The U.S.Marshals Service is the oldest law enforcement agency in the nation.

Question 75

The first Black police officer was Samuel Battle.

Question 76

Robert Peel's principles of police helped shape the modern system of policing.

Question 77

The reform era began in the 1920s as the foundation for modern policing.Agencies focused on controlling crime by apprehending offenders and deterring would-be violators.

Question 78

August Vollmer advocated for the hiring of politicians as police officers.

Question 79

The Secret Service was established by President George Washington on April 14, 1855.

Question 80

The political era is the second era in the evolution of American policing.