Question 1

A father remembers how large he must look to his 3-year-old son. The father's awareness illustrates&#10;A) a comparative approach&#10;B) a differential approach&#10;C) a phenomenological approach&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

The father's awareness of how his son perceives him is an example of the phenomenological approach, which focuses on how individuals experience and interpret their own reality. It is not a comparative or differential approach, as those approaches involve comparing or contrasting different individuals or groups.

Question 2

The old Wintu woman who said the earth feels sore where the white men have abused it illustrates Werner's concept of&#10;A) physiognomic perception&#10;B) synesthesia&#10;C) multilinear development&#10;D) eidetic imagery

Accepted Answer

The old Wintu woman's comment reflects Werner's concept of physiognomic perception, which refers to perceiving the environment as if it were a living organism with its own feelings and reactions to human activities.

Question 3

An example of synesthesia is&#10;A) hearing a sound as yellow&#10;B) remembering dreams in vivid detail&#10;C) viewing a triangle as alive&#10;D) remembering a scene in precise detail

Accepted Answer

Synesthesia is a condition in which one sense is simultaneously perceived as if by one or more additional senses, such as hearing colors or seeing sounds. Hearing a sound as a color is an example of synesthesia.

Question 4

A 7-year-old girl no longer just hammers and nails, but first forms an image of what she wants to build, and this image now guides her actions. In Werner's terms, her new approach illustrates&#10;A) microgenesis&#10;B) hierarchic integration&#10;C) conceptual reasoning&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Hierarchic integration refers to the process where children's cognitive abilities develop in such a way that they can integrate previous, simpler skills into higher-order, more complex frameworks of understanding. In this case, the girl's ability to form a mental image of what she wants to build before acting represents a more complex cognitive skill that integrates her previous, simpler skills of hammering and nailing into a more sophisticated, planned approach to building.

Question 5

The text criticizes Werner for&#10;A) being unclear on the discontinuity issue&#10;B) not taking clear stands&#10;C) overvaluing artistic development&#10;D) being too phenomenological

Accepted Answer

The text states that Werner's "reluctance to take a clear philosophical stand" is criticized, indicating that he is not taking clear stands.

Question 6

Microgenesis means&#10;A) the micro-analysis of development in diverse areas&#10;B) the same principles apply to microorganisms as to higher species&#10;C) each thought or perception undergoes development&#10;D) small, discrete behavior generates into broader forms

Accepted Answer

Microgenesis refers to the development of each thought or perception, from small and discrete to broader and more complex forms.

Question 7

In Werner's Organismic Theory&#10;A) perception is initially fused with actions and feelings&#10;B) the goal is to study psychological processes as separate functions&#10;C) the organism thinks abstractly from early infancy&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Werner's Organismic Theory emphasizes the integration of perception, action, and emotion in early development, which suggests that they are initially fused together. The theory does not propose the separation of functions or abstract thinking from infancy.

Question 8

Werner tried to&#10;A) refute Piaget&#10;B) advance behaviorism&#10;C) tie thinking to the whole organism&#10;D) make a strong case that Rousseau was correct

Accepted Answer

Werner's theory emphasized the importance of understanding cognition as a dynamic process that involves the whole organism, not just the mind. He rejected the idea that cognitive development involves purely mental processes and instead suggested that it is shaped by interactions between the mind and the body. Werner did not attempt to refute Piaget's theory or to advance behaviorism, nor did he argue that Rousseau was correct.

Question 9

Werner said discontinuity refers to&#10;A) only qualitative change&#10;B) both qualitative and quantitative changes that are sudden or abrupt&#10;C) only qualitative changes that are sudden or abrupt&#10;D) both quantitative and quantitative changes, regardless of their abruptness

Accepted Answer

The answer of Werner said discontinuity refers to&#10;A) only qualitative...

Question 10

In Werner's terminology, a person who sees a room as cold and rejecting illustrates&#10;A) differentiation&#10;B) hierarchic integration&#10;C) physiognomic perception&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Physiognomic perception refers to the tendency to perceive inanimate objects or physical spaces as having humanlike qualities or emotions. In this case, the person is attributing emotions (cold and rejecting) to the room, which is an example of physiognomic perception. Differentiation and hierarchic integration refer to cognitive development and are not directly related to this scenario.

Question 11

In their book, Symbol Formation, Werner and Kaplan argued that words&#10;A) retain their physical feeling tones in adults&#10;B) are tied to objects in conventional and arbitrary ways&#10;C) are mastered at a rapid pace in childhood&#10;D) can best be understood by referring to Chomsky

Accepted Answer

The answer of In their book, Symbol Formation, Werner and...

Question 12

According to the text, Werner's orientation&#10;A) suggests the importance of early formal education&#10;B) suggests how literacy emerges out of other activities&#10;C) demonstrates that the best thinking is precise and abstract&#10;D) neglected the artistic side of child development

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the text, Werner's orientation&#10;A) suggests...

Question 13

Werner said that eidetic imagery&#10;A) should be distinguished from what is commonly called &#34;photographic memory&#34;&#10;B) is an example of physiognomic perception&#10;C) is an example of synesthesia&#10;D) is more common in children than in adults

Accepted Answer

The answer of Werner said that eidetic imagery&#10;A) should be...

Question 14

Werner believed that physiognomic perception is dominant in&#10;A) children&#10;B) artists&#10;C) schizophrenic patients&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Werner believed that physiognomic perception is dominant...

Question 15

Werner said creative thinking&#10;A) involves microgenetic mobility&#10;B) utilizes primitive as well as advanced modes of thinking&#10;C) begins with undifferentiated impressions and images&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Werner said creative thinking&#10;A) involves microgenetic mobility&#10;B)...

Question 16

The text says Werner is valuable today&#10;A) because he formulated the concept of formal operations&#10;B) because he pointed to the flaws in Rousseau's character&#10;C) his concepts shed light on our primordial connections to nature&#10;D) his three levels of development are the focus on enormous research

Accepted Answer

The answer of The text says Werner is valuable today&#10;A)...

Deck 5: Werners Organismic and Comparative Theory