Deck 14: Forging the National Economy, 1790-1860

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Isaac Singer

Answer 1

​Student answers will vary.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Catharine Beecher

Answer 2

Student answers will vary.

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Cyrus McCormick

Answer 3

Student answers will vary.

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
rugged individualism

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​rendezvous system

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Carl Schurz

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
DeWitt Clinton

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Eli Whitney

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George Catlin

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Robert Fulton

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Kentucky bluegrass

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
ecological imperialism

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Ralph Waldo Emerson​

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Jacob Astor

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"No Irish Need Apply"

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Elias Howe

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Cyrus Field

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Samuel Slater

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Samuel F. B. Morse

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
homesteaders

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
domestic feminism

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
sewing machine

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"scabs" and "rats"

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
interchangeable parts

Question 25

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"Molly Maguires"

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Tammany Hall

Question 27

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
cult of domesticity

Question 28

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Patent Office

Question 29

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
cotton gin

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Know Nothing Party

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​nativists

Question 32

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Awful Disclosures

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
factory girls​

Question 34

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Ancient Order of Hibernians

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Industrial Revolution

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"twisting the British lion's tail"

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Commonwealth v. Hunt

Question 38

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
limited liability

Question 39

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​McCormick reaper

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
factory system

Question 41

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
state incorporation laws

Question 42

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
market revolution

Question 43

Locate the following places by reference number on the map: ​
​
Major Canals, Lakes, and Roads Linking the East and West, 1810-1860
​

____ Pennsylvania Canal

Question 44

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
transportation revolution

Question 45

All of the following gave rise to a more dynamic, market-oriented, national economy in early nineteenth-century America except

A)the push west in search of cheap land.
B)government regulation of all major economic activity.
C)a vast number of European immigrants settling in the cities.
D)newly invented machinery.
E)better roads, faster steamboats, further-reaching canals, and tentacle-stretching railroads.

Question 46

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
clipper ships

Question 47

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Erie Canal

Question 48

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Clermont

Question 49

Locate the following places by reference number on the map: ​
​
Major Canals, Lakes, and Roads Linking the East and West, 1810-1860
​

____ Erie Canal

Question 50

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Pony Express

Question 51

Pioneering Americans marooned by geography

A)never took the time to explore the beauty of the natural landscape.
B)grew to depend on other people for most of their basic needs.
C)abandoned the rugged individualism of colonial Americans.
D)never looked for any help beyond their immediate family.
E)were often ill informed, superstitious, provincial, and fiercely individualistic.

Question 52

Locate the following places by reference number on the map: ​
​
Major Canals, Lakes, and Roads Linking the East and West, 1810-1860
​

____ Cumberland Road

Question 53

In early-nineteenth-century America, the

A)annual population growth rate was much higher than in colonial days.
B)urban population was growing at an unprecedented rate.
C)birthrate was rapidly declining.
D)death rate was increasing.
E)United States had become the most populous nation in the western world.

Question 54

Locate the following places by reference number on the map: ​
​
Major Canals, Lakes, and Roads Linking the East and West, 1810-1860
​

____ Lake Huron

Question 55

Life on the frontier was

A)fairly comfortable for women but not for men.
B)downright grim for most pioneer families.
C)free of disease and premature death.
D)rarely portrayed in popular literature.
E)based on tight-knit communities.

Question 56

Locate the following places by reference number on the map: ​
​
Major Canals, Lakes, and Roads Linking the East and West, 1810-1860
​

____ Lake Ontario

Question 57

George Catlin advocated

A)placing Indians on reservations.
B)efforts to protect America's endangered species.
C)continuing the rendezvous system.
D)keeping white settlers out of the West.
E)the preservation of nature as a national policy.

Question 58

Locate the following places by reference number on the map: ​
​
Major Canals, Lakes, and Roads Linking the East and West, 1810-1860
​

____ Lake Michigan

Question 59

Locate the following places by reference number on the map: ​
​
Major Canals, Lakes, and Roads Linking the East and West, 1810-1860
​

____ Lake Erie

Question 60

Locate the following places by reference number on the map: ​
​
Major Canals, Lakes, and Roads Linking the East and West, 1810-1860
​

____ Ohio and Erie Canal

Question 61

Whether they were propertied or landless, immigrants were often enticed to leave their homelands by

A)letters from family or friends in the U.S., bragging about easy opportunities for wealth
B)advertisements from companies promising big salaries to those who emigrate.
C)greater prospects of finding a suitable wife in the West.
D)word that there was free land available in the West.
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 62

The overwhelming event for Ireland in the 1840s was

A)the rebellion against British rule and potato famine.
B)influx of immigrants from mostly Eastern European countries.
C)the granting of limited home rule to most of Ireland by Great Britain.
D)the migration from the countryside to the city.
E)the increasing use of English instead of Gaelic.

Question 63

Immigrants coming to the United States before 1860

A)depressed the economy due to their poverty.
B)found themselves involved in few cultural conflicts.
C)had little impact on society until after the Civil War.
D)settled mostly in the South.
E)helped to fuel economic expansion.

Question 64

The sentiment of fear and opposition to open immigration was called

A)the cult of domesticity.
B)nativism.
C)racism.
D)rugged individualism.
E)patriotism.

Question 65

The influx of immigrants to the United States tripled, then quadrupled, in the

A)1810s and 1820s.
B)1820s and 1830s.
C)1830s and 1840s.
D)1840s and 1850s.
E)1850s and 1860s.

Question 66

The dramatic growth of American cities between 1800 and 1860

A)led to a lower death rate.
B)contributed to a decline in the birthrate.
C)resulted in unsanitary conditions in many communities.
D)forced the federal government to slow immigration.
E)sparked federal, state, and local governments to develop urban public transportation networks and an array of social services to manage this growth during this period.

Question 67

All of the following are true statements about the relationship between Irish immigrants and U.S. citizens except

A)the Irish were seen as wage-depressing competitors for jobs by many Protestant American workers.
B)Nativist Americans from the middle and upper classes generally hated the Irish.
C)the Irish often saw signs on factory gates that said "No Irish Need Apply."
D)race riots between blacks and Irish were common.
E)Irish immigrants became fiercely supportive of the abolitionist cause.

Question 68

When German immigrants came to the United States, they

A)often became Baptist or Methodists.
B)mixed well with other Americans.
C)remained mostly in the Northeast.
D)prospered with astonishing ease.
E)dropped most of their German customs.

Question 69

Native-born Protestant Americans feared that Catholic immigrants to the United States would

A)want to attend public schools with Protestants.
B)wrest control of the American Catholic Church from native-born English and Welsh Catholics.
C)outbreed, outvote, and eventually overwhelm politically, socially, and culturally the Protestant native-born citizens and culture of America.
D)assume control of the Know-Nothing party.
E)ignite internecine Catholic armed conflict within the United States.

Question 70

German immigrants to the United States

A)quickly became a powerful political force.
B)came to escape economic hardships and autocratic government.
C)were as poor as the Irish.
D)contributed little to American life.
E)were almost all Roman Catholics.

Question 71

All of the following are true statements about German immigrants except

A)they typically settled in Northeast coastal cities.
B)they tended to be better educated than mainstream Americans.
C)they supported public schools, the arts, and music.
D)they championed freedom and fought to end slavery.
E)they settled in compact colonies to preserve their language and culture.

Question 72

German immigrants in the early nineteenth century tended to

A)settle in eastern industrial cities.
B)return to Germany when they experienced difficult economic times in the United States.
C)become slave-owners.
D)join the temperance movement.
E)preserve their own language and culture.

Question 73

The initial waves of Irish immigrants typically worked in all of the following occupations except

A)domestic servants.
B)construction workers.
C)day laborers.
D)coopers.
E)saloon owners.

Question 74

When the Irish flocked to the United States in the 1840s, they stayed in the larger seaboard cities because they

A)preferred urban life.
B)were offered high-paying jobs.
C)were welcomed by the people living there.
D)were too poor to move west and buy land.
E)had experience in urban politics.

Question 75

Identify the following statement that is false.

A)Land was cheap in America; this helped fuel the immigration flux in the 1840s and 1850s.
B)Money for capital investment was not plentiful in pioneering America and required an influx of foreign capital during the Industrial Revolution.
C)Foreign capital was dependent upon security in property rights, sufficient infrastructure, an adequate work force, and political stability.
D)Even though capital was lacking, raw materials were widely developed and discovered in America from colonial times through the 1840s.
E)The United States had a difficult time producing goods of high quality and cheap cost to compete with mass-produced European products from colonial times until the 1840s and 1850s.

Question 76

Native-born Protestant Americans distrusted and resented the Irish immigrants for all of the following reasons except

A)the Irish immigrants were financially poor and initially struggled to make economic gains in American society.
B)the Irish immigrants were thought to love alcohol to excess.
C)the Irish immmigrants were proudly and openly Roman Catholic.
D)the Irish immigrants constructed a network of parish schools that promoted and advanced Roman Catholicism in America.
E)the Irish immigrants were very slow to learn American English and mostly spoke Gaelic in their urban neighborhoods.

Question 77

The "Father of the Factory System" in the United States was

A)Robert Fulton.
B)Samuel F.B.Morse.
C)Eli Whitney.
D)Samuel Slater.
E)Francis Cabot Lowell.

Question 78

Those nativists who were frightened by the rapid influx of Irish immigrants organized in 1849

A)the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner.
B)the "Molly Maguires."
C)the Anti-Masonic party.
D)the Ancient Order of Hibernians.
E)the Ku Klux Klan.

Question 79

Ireland's great export in the 1840s was

A)people.
B)potatoes.
C)wool.
D)whiskey.
E)music.

Question 80

Between 1830 and 1860, nearly ____ million Irish arrived in America.

A)20
B)2
C)5
D)8
E)10