Deck 16: Toward a Tobacco-Free Self and Society

Question 1

The smoke from cigars may contain higher quantities of toxins and carcinogens than smoke from cigarettes.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

In both high and low doses, nicotine acts as a stimulant.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

For most regular tobacco users, sudden abstinence from nicotine produces withdrawal symptoms.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Coronary heart disease is the most widespread single cause of death for smokers.

Question 5

Recent neurological studies indicate nicotine acts on the brain in much the same way as cocaine and heroin.

Question 6

Cigarette smoke contains the deadly gas carbon monoxide.

Question 7

Tobacco includes multiple poisons, including arsenic.

Question 8

Smoking is linked to reduced fertility in both men and women.

Question 9

Many of the world's religions considers tobacco to be a favourable release for the human spirit.

Question 10

Scientists have found no evidence to suggest that there is a specific gene that influences the way nicotine is metabolized in the body.

Question 11

Smoking in films has decreased significantly since 1990.

Question 12

Cigarette smokers are up to 18 times more likely to die from emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Question 13

Emphysema is a form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Question 14

Women who smoke experience more sick days (lost productivity) than do non-smokers.

Question 15

When addicted smokers switch to low-tar, low-nicotine cigarettes, they often increase cigarette consumption to offset the reduced nicotine content of each cigarette.

Question 16

Evidence suggests that the tobacco industry effectively advertises its products to adolescents.

Question 17

Three out of four smokers report that they want to quit but find they cannot.

Question 18

The use of "light" or low-tar cigarettes reduces the risk of smoking-related illness.

Question 19

The earlier people begin smoking, the more likely they are to become heavy smokers.

Question 20

Air pollution is a greater cause of COPD than is cigarette smoking.

Question 21

What is the addictive drug in tobacco?

A) THC
B) benzopyrene
C) eugenol
D) nicotine

Question 22

The primary reason people continue to use tobacco despite the health risks is because

A) they lack the necessary knowledge to make an informed decision.
B) they have become addicted to nicotine.
C) they do not perceive the risks associated with smoking as serious as the research suggests.
D) the substances carbon monoxide and tar produce extremely pleasurable sensations in the brain.

Question 23

The predominant psychoactive drug in tobacco is

A) phenol.
B) nicotine.
C) benzopyrene.
D) tar.

Question 24

Bidis contain up to four times more nicotine than North American cigarettes.

Question 25

All the following situations are secondary reinforcers to tobacco use, EXCEPT

A) When Margie drinks at a bar, she has a habit of smoking cigarettes.
B) When Dustin plays baseball, he uses spit tobacco.
C) When Sharon studies for her upcoming exam, she must smoke a cigarette.
D) When Jane eats dinner, she never smokes.

Question 26

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding tobacco advertising?

A) Tobacco ads do not appear to have any impact on children until the teen years.
B) Advertising has a powerful influence on tobacco-use behaviour.
C) Adolescents tend to choose brand-name tobacco products that are heavily advertised.
D) Tobacco companies target users by associating tobacco use with confidence and sexual attractiveness.

Question 27

On average, a regular user of tobacco can go how long between dosages of nicotine before negative effects begin to happen?

A) no more than 10 minutes
B) no more than 20 minutes
C) no more than 40 minutes
D) no more than 75 minutes

Question 28

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding smoking?

A) Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in Canada.
B) Tobacco use accounts for nearly one of every five adult deaths.
C) Research now suggests that there is little health risk to non-smokers exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).
D) Smoking affects the health of people at all stages of life.

Question 29

Non-smokers can be affected by ETS for several hours once they leave a smoke-filled room.

Question 30

Scientists have discovered that a gene called ___________ appears to influence the progression of smoking in adolescence.

A) DRD2
B) CRP2
C) DSM3
D) LDL4

Question 31

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding nicotine?

A) Nicotine is a powerful psychoactive drug.
B) Research supports the conclusion that nicotine is highly addictive.
C) Nicotine is considered a powerful depressant.
D) Nicotine can affect one's mood.

Question 32

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding teenagers who smoke?

A) Over half of the teenagers who try cigarettes progress to daily use.
B) Compared with older smokers, teenagers become heavy smokers and develop dependence after a few cigarettes.
C) In polls, most smoking teens wished they had never started.
D) Many teenagers believe that they will not be able to stop smoking when they want to.

Question 33

Most of the symptoms of physical dependence to smoking pass in

A) 10 to 12 hours.
B) 2 to 3 days.
C) 3 to 4 weeks.
D) 3 to 5 months.

Question 34

What percentage of smokers started before they were 18?

A) 15
B) 30
C) 50
D) 80

Question 35

Children are at an elevated risk from environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) because they breath faster than adults.

Question 36

Lynette has not had a cigarette for over an hour. Which of the following is she likely to experience?

A) Feeling calm
B) Feeling relaxed
C) Enhanced attention
D) Feeling irritable and having difficulty concentrating

Question 37

Which of the following is an effect of nicotine?

A) blood vessel dilation
B) increased formation of urine
C) increased heart rate
D) lowered blood pressure

Question 38

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding tobacco use?

A) Most smokers want to keep smoking.
B) Most smokers who stop smoking because of attending a stop-smoking clinic stay tobacco-free.
C) Stopping the use of smokeless tobacco may be more difficult than stopping smoking.
D) Some tobacco users reduce health risks by using nicotine-free tobacco.

Question 39

People who quit smoking suddenly may have all the following symptoms, EXCEPT

A) depression.
B) muscular pains.
C) nausea.
D) increased attentiveness.

Question 40

Clove cigarettes do not contain tobacco and are, therefore, a safer alternative to regular tobacco cigarettes.

Question 41

"Chest pain due to coronary heart disease" is defined by the term

A) angina pectoris.
B) myocardial infarction.
C) coronary thrombosis.
D) congestive heart failure.

Question 42

What role does ammonia play in cigarettes?

A) It enhances the flavour.
B) It masks the harsh bitter taste of tobacco.
C) It boosts the amount of nicotine absorbed into the blood.
D) It opens the lungs' airway and makes it easier for nicotine to get into the blood.

Question 43

Which of the following substances are additives found in cigarettes?

A) ammonia
B) potassium citrate
C) aluminum
D) ammonia, potassium citrate, and aluminum

Question 44

When particles of tobacco smoke condense, they form a brown sticky mass called

A) snuff.
B) tar.
C) nicotine.
D) stearic acid.

Question 45

Which of the following is the MOST widespread cause of death among smokers?

A) stroke
B) coronary heart disease
C) lung cancer
D) emphysema

Question 46

An ingredient in tobacco smoke that seriously limits the body's ability to use oxygen is

A) benzopyrene.
B) carbon monoxide.
C) formaldehyde.
D) tar.

Question 47

All the following are associated with greater tobacco use, EXCEPT

A) coming from a blue-collar family
B) having a single parent family
C) staying in school
D) having a sibling that smokes

Question 48

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding coronary heart disease and smoking?

A) Smokers have a death rate from CHD that is 70% higher than non-smokers have.
B) CHD is the most widespread single cause of death for cigarette smokers.
C) CHD deaths associated with cigarette smoking are most common in people age 40 to 50.
D) Sudden and unexpected death is a common result of CHD, especially in smokers.

Question 49

Smoking affects hunger by

A) increasing a person's appetite.
B) depressing hunger contractions.
C) increasing the sensitivity of taste buds.
D) decreasing blood sugar level.

Question 50

When smoking a cigarette, the rate of absorption of chemicals into the body is

A) greatest during the last third of the cigarette.
B) greatest during the first third of the cigarette.
C) greatest when the midpoint of the cigarette is reached.
D) constant as the cigarette is smoked.

Question 51

A heart attack caused by plaque that blocks a coronary artery is called

A) atherosclerosis.
B) a myocardial infarction.
C) an aortic aneurysm.
D) an aortic coarctation.

Question 52

What percentage of Inuit people smoke?

A) 25
B) 42
C) 58
D) 72

Question 53

All the following cardiovascular diseases are linked to cigarette smoking, EXCEPT

A) stroke
B) healthy heart syndrome
C) aortic aneurysm
D) pulmonary heart disease

Question 54

Smoking contributes to heart disease in which one of the following ways?

A) It exposes the heart tissue to benzo(a)pyrene.
B) It reduces high-density lipoproteins.
C) It exposes the heart tissue to arsenic.
D) It reduces low-density lipoproteins

Question 55

If something causes cancer, it is called a(n)

A) toxin.
B) carcinogen.
C) malignancy.
D) infector.

Question 56

What percentage of First Nations people living on reserve smoke?

A) 25
B) 42
C) 57
D) 72

Question 57

Which of the following adolescents is more likely to use tobacco?

A) one who comes from a middle-class family
B) one who has peers who use tobacco
C) one who has negative attitudes about tobacco
D) one who comes from a white-collar family

Question 58

Heart disease caused by the deposit of fatty substances in the walls of the arteries is called

A) emphysema.
B) myocardial infarction.
C) atherosclerosis.
D) high cholesterol.

Question 59

Smokers who switch to low-tar or low-nicotine cigarettes will probably NOT reduce the health risks of smoking because

A) they take smaller puffs and take longer to smoke each cigarette.
B) they do not inhale as deeply.
C) tar is not the risky ingredient in cigarettes.
D) they are likely to smoke more cigarettes to maintain blood nicotine levels.

Question 60

Which of the following areas of the body will be adversely affected by tobacco?

A) brain
B) stomach
C) reproductive organs
D) brain, stomach, and reproductive organs

Question 61

Loss of lung tissue elasticity is characteristic of

A) emphysema.
B) bronchitis.
C) pulmonary edema.
D) pneumonia.

Question 62

What is the leading cause of cancer death in women?

A) lung cancer
B) breast cancer
C) ovarian cancer
D) cervical cancer

Question 63

After quitting smoking, approximately how long does it take an ex-smoker's risk of lung cancer to drop to half that of a continuing smoker's risk?

A) 6 months
B) 1 year
C) 5 years
D) 10 years

Question 64

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the cumulative effects of tobacco use?

A) A male who begins smoking before the age of 15 and continues to smoke is only half as likely to live to age 75 as a male who never smokes.
B) Smokers spend more than three-quarters more time away from their jobs because of illness than non-smokers.
C) Smokers show a greater rate of acute and chronic disease than those who never smoked.
D) Smokers become disabled at a younger age than non-smokers.

Question 65

Health consequences related to the use of spit tobacco are likely to include all the following, EXCEPT

A) gum disease.
B) oral cancer.
C) bone loss around the teeth.
D) lung cancer.

Question 66

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?

A) A non-smoker is not affected by ETS after leaving the smoky environment.
B) ETS does not elevate a non-smoker's risk of heart disease.
C) ETS does not elevate a non-smoker's risk of lung cancer.
D) Children are commonly affected by ETS.

Question 67

All the following health concerns are associated with smoking, EXCEPT

A) ulcers
B) dental disease
C) reduced fertility in men and women
D) improved oral hygiene

Question 68

Smoke emitted from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe is referred to as _______________ smoke.

A) mainstream
B) primary
C) secondary
D) sidestream

Question 69

Smoke that the smoker exhales is referred to as _______________ smoke.

A) mainstream
B) primary
C) sidestream
D) secondary

Question 70

Small cigarettes imported from India that contain species of tobacco different from those used by North American cigarette manufacturers are called

A) cloves.
B) chicartas.
C) kreteks.
D) bidis.

Question 71

Which of the following is an effect of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?

A) lung cancer
B) sinus infections
C) allergies
D) lung cancer, sinus infections, and allergies

Question 72

Which of the following statements is TRUE about spit tobacco?

A) Changes in gums and lips usually occur after 6 months of using spit tobacco.
B) Holding an average size dip in the mouth for 30 minutes delivers about the same amount of nicotine as two or three cigarettes.
C) Oral sores are a rare side effect of its use.
D) Spit tobacco does not contain chemicals known to cause cancer.

Question 73

Which of the following cancers is linked with smoking?

A) esophageal
B) kidney
C) pancreatic
D) esophageal, kidney, and pancreatic

Question 74

White or red patches that appear in the mouth because of using spit tobacco are called

A) leukoplakia.
B) gingivitis.
C) dental caries.
D) cancer.

Question 75

Which of the following is TRUE regarding second-hand smoke?

A) The harmful effects of second-hand smoke are not immediate.
B) Children exposed to second-hand smoke are more likely to die of sudden infant death syndrome.
C) Second-hand smoke in low or moderate levels is safe.
D) Adequate ventilation is sufficient to protect people from second-hand smoke.

Question 76

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding cigar use?

A) The popularity of cigars is highest among white males with higher-than-average incomes.
B) Cigars contain more nicotine than cigarettes.
C) Cigar smoke contains fewer toxins and carcinogens than does smoke from cigarettes.
D) Nicotine from cigars is absorbed through the gums and lining of the mouth.

Question 77

Respiratory cilia

A) signal the body that respiratory poisons are present.
B) absorb smoke.
C) facilitate gas exchange.
D) keep air passages free of dust and mucus.

Question 78

A type of white blood cell that works to remove foreign particles from the respiratory tract is called

A) T-cells.
B) blastocysts.
C) B-cells.
D) macrophages.

Question 79

Which of the following is NOT a major form of spit tobacco?

A) clove
B) snuff
C) twists
D) chew

Question 80

Clove cigarettes

A) contain fewer toxic components than regular tobacco.
B) contain more tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide than do regular tobacco cigarettes.
C) do not have the same health risks as regular tobacco.
D) are a safe alternative to regular tobacco cigarettes.