Deck 4: Weight Management

Question 1

A person has control over both parts of the energy equation.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Body weight is a more important indicator of health than is body composition.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Body mass index is a direct measure of fat-free mass.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Overfat is a more accurate term than overweight when describing the condition of having too much body fat.

Question 5

Carrots have a higher energy density than pretzels.

Question 6

Most people with pre-diabetes will develop full-blown diabetes if they do not adopt preventive lifestyle measures.

Question 7

It is not total weight, but rather percentage of body fat that is most important to health.

Question 8

Waist fat is more closely associated with disease than is fat deposited in the buttocks area.

Question 9

Rates of overweight and obesity are higher among Canadian men than women; however, women experience larger socioeconomic disparities.

Question 10

The skinfold measurement technique for determining body fat composition involves measuring fat found under the skin.

Question 11

Body mass index is a less accurate assessment of body fat than are height-weight charts.

Question 12

A body mass index of 28.5 is classified as normal weight.

Question 13

Energy density of foods indicates the number of calories per gram of weight.

Question 14

The energy balance concept is based primarily on the amount of sleep you get.

Question 15

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) reflects the minimal energy expenditure necessary for exercise to be beneficial in weight loss.

Question 16

Most people who succeed in their weight loss efforts do so by emphasizing short-term weight loss.

Question 17

Eating patterns are often an intricate component of family values.

Question 18

Hormones play no significant role in the accumulation of body fat.

Question 19

Genetic predisposition to weight gain has been identified as the main reason for the high rate of obesity in Canada.

Question 20

A body mass index between 18.5 and 24.9 is acceptable.

Question 21

According to standards issued by the World Health Organization, a healthy BMI is between

A) 12.5 and 18.4.
B) 18.5 and 24.9.
C) 25.0 and 29.9.
D) 30.0 and 40.0.

Question 22

Reduced-fat foods usually contain significantly fewer calories than their full-fat counterparts.

Question 23

A person with a body mass index of 18.2 is classified as

A) underweight.
B) normal weight.
C) overweight.
D) obese.

Question 24

Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining weight loss.

Question 25

A person with a body mass index of 26.5 is classified as

A) underweight.
B) normal weight.
C) overweight.
D) obese.

Question 26

A person with a body mass index of 31.2 is classified as

A) underweight.
B) normal weight.
C) overweight.
D) obese.

Question 27

Researchers frequently use BMI in conjunction with ____________ to examine the health risks associated with body weight.

A) caloric intake estimates
B) activity assessments
C) resting metabolic rate
D) waist circumference

Question 28

People who tend to store body fat in the _________ are at increased risk for chronic disease.

A) thighs
B) buttocks
C) abdomen
D) hips

Question 29

Ephedra is a safe and effective supplement that promotes weight loss.

Question 30

An eating disorder is often a means of coping.

Question 31

Treatment of eating disorders usually involves a combination of psychotherapy and medical management.

Question 32

A person with a body mass index of 21.5 is classified as

A) underweight.
B) normal weight.
C) overweight.
D) obese.

Question 33

The guiding principle for the development of healthy eating habits for weight management is "everything in moderation."

Question 34

A female with a BMI value of 17.5 or less may be used as a diagnostic criterion for

A) obesity.
B) depression.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) diabetes.

Question 35

An important weight management strategy is to eat small, frequent meals.

Question 36

Results from consulting height-weight tables reflect

A) true percent body fat.
B) an accurate index of body composition.
C) a range of recommended body weights associated with the lowest mortality.
D) an accurate assessment of obesity.

Question 37

Hydrostatic weighing is used to predict percent body fat based on

A) body mass index.
B) body density.
C) fat weight.
D) height and total body weight.

Question 38

Most low-calorie diets cause a rapid loss of body water at first.

Question 39

Eating disorders are associated with dissatisfaction with body image.

Question 40

What percentage of Canadians have a healthy body weight?

A) 26%
B) 36%
C) 46%
D) 56%

Question 41

Type 2 diabetes

A) occurs in about 5 percent of Canadians.
B) is prevented by eating a healthy diet and exercising.
C) always requires insulin injections for treatment.
D) has obvious symptoms in the early stages.

Question 42

Resting metabolic rate is

A) the energy required to maintain vital body functions.
B) the sum of all the processes by which food energy is used by the body.
C) the body's daily energy expenditure.
D) the energy required to digest food.

Question 43

Psychological problems stemming from obesity include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) depression.
B) schizophrenia
C) body dissatisfaction.
D) low self-esteem.

Question 44

Exercise affects metabolic rate by doing all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) increasing muscle mass.
B) increasing resting metabolic rate.
C) building strength during exercise.
D) burning calories during the exercise itself.

Question 45

The female athlete triad consists of all the following, EXCEPT:

A) abnormal eating patterns.
B) premature osteoporosis.
C) amenorrhea.
D) muscle dysmorphia.

Question 46

A person with diabetes may benefit from all the following, EXCEPT:

A) increasing intake of refined carbohydrates.
B) increasing physical activity.
C) substituting monounsaturated for saturated fats.
D) increasing fibre intake.

Question 47

A hormone thought to be linked to obesity is

A) leptin.
B) adrenalin.
C) epinephrine.
D) creatine.

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of visceral fat?

A) It is located at waist level.
B) It contains many biologically active substances.
C) It is considered an active endocrine organ.
D) It is not associated with increased health risks.

Question 49

Recent research indicates that drinking more than one diet pop per day may be associated with

A) eating disorders.
B) nutritional deficiencies.
C) metabolic syndrome.
D) gum disease.

Question 50

Which of the following statements about insulin resistance and pre-diabetes is TRUE?

A) About 10% of people with pre-diabetes will go on to develop type 2 diabetes.
B) Elevated blood glucose levels associated with pre-diabetes do not increase heart attack risk, but levels associated with full-blown diabetes do.
C) Risk of a heart attack or stroke is increased by 50%.
D) Treatment with medication is more important than lifestyle measures for people with pre-diabetes.

Question 51

A condition characterized by extreme dissatisfaction with appearance, body type, and/or body composition is

A) body dysmorphic disorder.
B) female athlete triad.
C) amenorrhea.
D) bipolar disorder.

Question 52

Most weight problems are problems of

A) metabolic disorders.
B) lifestyle.
C) emotional disorders.
D) childhood abuse.

Question 53

The largest component of metabolism is

A) metabolic equivalency rate.
B) resting metabolic rate.
C) base metabolic expenditure.
D) caloric expenditure rate.

Question 54

Even processed foods labelled "fat-free" or "reduced fat" may

A) be high in calories
B) contain hidden fats such as trans fats.
C) be as satisfying as high fat foods.
D) contain high levels of cholesterol or triglycerides.

Question 55

What percentage of Canadian children and youth are meeting the national guidelines of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity each day?

A) 7%
B) 33%
C) 47%
D) 63%

Question 56

The greater the amount of muscle mass, the

A) lower the resting metabolic rate.
B) higher the resting metabolic rate.
C) more fat that is needed in the diet.
D) easier it is to gain weight.

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT related to obesity?

A) being of certain racial and ethnic groups
B) living in a city
C) family eating patterns
D) having a low income

Question 58

Which of the following statements about genetic factors in obesity is TRUE?

A) The genetic contribution to obesity is about 75%.
B) The weight of an adopted child is more closely related to the weights of the adoptive parents than to the weights of the biological parents.
C) Researchers have identified a single gene responsible for obesity.
D) Genetic factors influence body fat distribution.

Question 59

An example of a snack low in energy density is

A) an apple.
B) crackers.
C) a cookie.
D) an ice cream cone.

Question 60

All of the following are factors in the development of diabetes, EXCEPT:

A) age.
B) obesity.
C) a diet high in protein.
D) physical inactivity.

Question 61

Which of the following is NOT an effective strategy for successful weight management?

A) Choose foods with a low energy density and a high nutrient density.
B) Always check food labels for serving size, calories, and nutrient content.
C) Watch for hidden calories.
D) Ensure you only consume "reduced fat" alternatives.

Question 62

Dissatisfaction with body image and weight is associated least with

A) below-average academic achievement.
B) perfectionist beliefs.
C) unreasonable demands for self-control.
D) excessive self-criticism.

Question 63

Fat substitutes

A) are not yet available in Canada but can be purchased overseas.
B) can be carbohydrate-or protein-based.
C) contribute the same number of calories per gram as fat.
D) are used only in dessert foods and snacks.

Question 64

Which of the following books is most likely to contain valid weight-management information?

A) The High-Protein, High-Fat Diet
B) Secrets to a Thinner You Through Vitamins
C) The Five-Day Fat-Burning Program
D) The Physical Activity and Diet Weight-Loss Plan

Question 65

Fear of fat is most strongly associated with

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) binge-eating disorder.
D) restrictive dieting.

Question 66

Which of the following characteristics should one look for in evaluating and selecting a diet book?

A) advocacy of special diets
B) advocacy of a balanced approach to diet plus exercise
C) claims that the book is based on scientific breakthroughs
D) recommendations to combine foods in special ways or to rotate levels of calorie intake to effect weight loss

Question 67

Eating disorders in Canada affect

A) mostly adults.
B) mostly minorities.
C) mostly women.
D) all persons equally.

Question 68

What protects against weight gain and is essential for maintaining weight loss?

A) certain nutritional supplements
B) a 1,000-calories-per-day diet plan
C) physical activity
D) at least 8 glasses of water per day

Question 69

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging is

A) voluntary starvation.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) binge-eating disorder.

Question 70

Adverse effects of ephedra include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) panic attacks.
B) nausea.
C) seizures.
D) lethargy.

Question 71

An eating disorder characterized by a refusal to eat enough food to maintain a reasonable body weight is

A) voluntary starvation.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) binge-eating disorder.

Question 72

Which of the following patterns of eating is recommended for weight management?

A) one small meal per day
B) four to five small meals per day, including breakfast and snacks
C) three larger meals per day with no snacks
D) one large meal in the evening

Question 73

A health risk associated with anorexia nervosa is

A) low blood pressure.
B) eroded tooth enamel.
C) chronic hoarseness.
D) stomach rupture.

Question 74

Weight-loss prescription drugs are usually recommended only to people with a BMI over

A) 15.
B) 20.
C) 30.
D) 40.

Question 75

All of the following weight-management strategies are typical of participants in the National Weight Control Registry, EXCEPT:

A) very-low-carbohydrate diets.
B) 60 or more minutes of daily moderate physical activity.
C) diets moderate in calories and relatively low in fat.
D) frequent monitoring of food intake and body weight.

Question 76

A person's ongoing internal comments about events happening to him and around him is called

A) self-blame.
B) self-image.
C) self-esteem.
D) self-talk.

Question 77

Surgery for the severely obese is usually recommended only for individuals with a BMI over _____.

A) 30
B) 40
C) 45
D) 50

Question 78

Which of the following does a commercial weight-loss program typically NOT provide?

A) group support
B) behaviour modification advice
C) outside recommendations for individualized nutrition plans
D) physical activity recommendations

Question 79

Which one of the following is MOST closely associated with anorexia nervosa?

A) a belief that one is overweight even when dangerously thin
B) uncontrollable binge eating
C) near-normal body weight
D) self-induced vomiting

Question 80

Which of the following is an appropriate use of food?

A) as an antidote for boredom
B) to alleviate loneliness
C) to satisfy hunger needs
D) as a pickup for fatigue