Deck 2: Cell and Molecular Biology

Question 1

Which term denotes the process by which a gene is transformed into messenger RNA (mRNA)?

A) Transcription
B) Initiation
C) Translation
D) Synthesis

Answer 1

Transcription

Question 2

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is converted into a protein within the __________ of eukaryotic cell.

A) nucleus
B) mitochondria
C) ribosome
D) Golgi body

Answer 2

ribosome

Question 3

The process by which a gene is used as a template to transcribe messenger RNA (mRNA) is termed:

A) gene mutation.
B) gene expression.
C) regulation.
D) post-translation modification.

Answer 3

gene expression.

Question 4

All of the following are viruses linked to cancer, EXCEPT

A) influenza A.
B) hepatitis B.
C) human papilloma virus (HPV).
D) Epstein-Barr.

Question 5

All of the following are the groups of genes associated with cancer, EXCEPT

A) proto-oncogenes.
B) angiosynthesis genes.
C) tumor suppressor genes.
D) DNA repair genes.

Question 6

Phagocytosis, endocytosis, and autophagy are processes that are performed by the

A) Golgi bodies.
B) ribosomes.
C) nucleus.
D) lysosomes.

Question 7

Which of the following is an organelle of a eukaryotic cell?

A) Photolipid
B) Cisternae
C) Centrosome
D) Endocyte

Question 8

The phases of mitosis are

A) interphase, metaphase, synthesis, and replication.
B) telophase, mitosis, interphase, and S-phase.
C) G₀, G₁, interphase, and S-phase.
D) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Question 9

Which term describes a group of diseases in which cells no longer respond to the normal constraints placed on their proliferation and instead grow indefinitely?

A) Metastasis
B) Angiogenesis
C) Cancer
D) Mutation

Question 10

All of the following are steps in gene expression, EXCEPT

A) transcription.
B) translation.
C) termination.
D) post-transcriptional modifications.

Question 11

The large organelle often referred to as "the control center" of the cell is the

A) lysosome.
B) nucleus.
C) centrosome.
D) Golgi body.

Question 12

An organelle composed of a network of interconnected, closed, membrane-bounded vesicles that extend from the nucleus to the cell membrane is the

A) Golgi body.
B) endoplasmic reticulum.
C) centrosome.
D) lysosome.

Question 13

The three steps of the transcription process are

A) initiation, elongation, and termination.
B) interphase, prophase, and telophase.
C) expression, translation, and suppression.
D) synthesis, regulation, and termination.

Question 14

CDK2 is the partner for both cyclins:

A) A and E.
B) D and E.
C) A and B.
D) D and B.

Question 15

Which are the three main cell cycle checkpoints?

A) G_1, restriction, and metaphase/anaphase
B) G₁, G₂/M, and mitotic spindle
C) G₁, G₂/M, and anaphase/telophase
D) Restriction, DMA damage, and anaphase/telophase