Question 1

Equal-time imaging for bone scanning refers to the technique in which&#10;A) one area is imaged for preset counts with the time recorded and all subsequent images are taken for that same time interval.&#10;B) third- and fourth-phase images are taken for the same time interval.&#10;C) second- and third-phase images are taken for the same time interval.&#10;D) parameters are set so the same amount of time is used for each image in a flow sequence.

Accepted Answer

Commonly, multiple individual images (or spot views) are taken for an equal amount of time. Equal-time technique allows comparison of the film density in one image with that in another image, because the exposure is made for equal amounts of time. This method is effective as long as adequate statistics are achieved. First, one area of the body (e.g., the anterior or posterior view of the chest) is imaged for a preset number of counts and the time is recorded. Between 400,000 and 600,000 counts are accumulated for a standard-field camera, and between 500,000 and 1 million counts for a large-crystal camera. All subsequent images are taken for the same interval that had been recorded for the first image.

Question 2

Patients having a bone scan should be hydrated between injection and delayed imaging in order to&#10;A) increase heterionic exchange.&#10;B) aid clearance of the radiopharmaceutical from body.&#10;C) aid the osseous phase of the study.&#10;D) increase clarity of the blood pool image.

Accepted Answer

Unless contraindicated, patients should be hydrated to aid clearance of the radiopharmaceutical from the body; administration of four to six glasses of liquid during the delay period is adequate.

Question 3

Metastatic lesions that have no osteoblastic activity&#10;A) can be confused with a renal abnormality.&#10;B) are usually detected as a photon-rich area.&#10;C) are usually detected as a photon-deficient area.&#10;D) often result in breast uptake.

Accepted Answer

Localization of bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals depends in large part on bone production, so metastatic lesions that have no associated osteoblastic activity may not be seen on a bone scan or may be detected as a photon-deficient area.

Question 4

A patient is entering the osseous phase of a routine three-phase bone scan. The technologist should&#10;A) prepare the room for a dynamic study.&#10;B) begin to take blood pool images.&#10;C) begin to take 2- to 3-hour delayed images.&#10;D) take 5- to 24-hour delayed images.

Accepted Answer

The third phase (also osseous phase, or delayed phase) is routine scanning at 2 to 3 hours after injection.

Question 5

Visualization of the kidneys on a ^99mTc-MDP scan is considered A) abnormal, because ^99mTc-MDP is excreted via the bowel. B) normal, because ^99mTc-MDP is excreted via the urinary tract. C) abnormal and is indicative of calcifications. D) rarely seen because of uptake by the vertebra.

Accepted Answer

¹⁸F- and ^99mTc-labeled phosphate compounds demonstrate activity in the kidneys and bladder because they are excreted through the urinary tract.

Question 6

Patients having a bone scan should be encouraged to void urine frequently between injection and delayed scanning to&#10;A) increase heterionic exchange.&#10;B) reduce the radiation dose to the bladder.&#10;C) aid the osseous phase of the scan.&#10;D) decrease risk of contamination during scan.

Accepted Answer

Since the ^99mTc-labeled bone agents are excreted from the body via the urinary system, the patient should be encouraged to void urine frequently to reduce radiation to the bladder.

Question 7

What are the two types of bone tissue?&#10;A) Compact and spongy&#10;B) Spongy and trabecular&#10;C) Cortical and compact&#10;D) Trabecular and cortical

Accepted Answer

The two types of bone tissue are compact and spongy tissue.

Question 8

Strontium is an analog of&#10;A) calcium.&#10;B) phosphorous.&#10;C) hydroxyl.&#10;D) technetium.

Accepted Answer

Strontium-85 (⁸⁵Sr) is a calcium analog.

Question 9

For lytic lesions to be seen radiographically, the loss of mineral content of the bone must be approximately&#10;A) 10%.&#10;B) 20%.&#10;C) 35%.&#10;D) 50%.

Accepted Answer

Loss of approximately 50% of the mineral content of the bone must occur before lytic lesions are detected radiographically.

Question 10

Fluorine-18 is an analog of&#10;A) calcium.&#10;B) phosphorous.&#10;C) hydroxyl.&#10;D) technetium.

Accepted Answer

Fluorine-18 (¹⁸F) is a hydroxyl analog.

Question 11

A nomogram is used for&#10;A) determining proper scan speed.&#10;B) determining proper ID.&#10;C) determining equal-time imagery.&#10;D) determining sites of superimposition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nomogram is used for&#10;A) determining proper...

Question 12

In the evaluation of primary bone neoplasms, bone scans&#10;A) are the first step in diagnosis.&#10;B) are used to detect disease elsewhere.&#10;C) are used instead of radiographs for diagnosis.&#10;D) demonstrate the primary bone neoplasm as a photopenic area.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the evaluation of primary bone neoplasms,...

Question 13

Typically, skeletal metastatic disease has the greatest involvement in (the)&#10;A) appendicular skeleton.&#10;B) axial skeleton.&#10;C) areas of synarthrosis.&#10;D) areas of diarthrosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Typically, skeletal metastatic disease has the greatest...

Question 14

A bone scan image of a female patient shows radiopharmaceutical uptake in the breasts. The technologist should&#10;A) check to see if the patient was given the correct radiopharmaceutical.&#10;B) check for contamination.&#10;C) consider this to be a normal variant.&#10;D) check the patient's history of trauma to the chest.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A bone scan image of a female...

Question 15

Accumulation of radionuclides in the bone is related to both the rate of bone production and&#10;A) the type of bone.&#10;B) the type of analog.&#10;C) vascularity.&#10;D) amount of activity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Accumulation of radionuclides in the bone is...

Deck 22: Skeletal System