Deck 21: Vitamins and Minerals

Question 1

Which vitamin is important in red blood cell formation?

A) K
B) D
C) Folic acid
D) B6

Answer 1

Folic acid

Question 2

What is the action of vitamin A within the body?

A) Treat blood deficiency when doing a blood transfusion
B) Stop bleeding
C) Make stool softer
D) Treat eye diseases and night blindness

Answer 2

Treat eye diseases and night blindness

Question 3

A patient was started on niacin (vitamin B?)because of a deficiency in her diet.The patient called the clinic with complaints of flushed face,weakness,and tingling skin.Which is correct concerning this patient?

A) He is having a heart attack from taking niacin.
B) He is having a reaction to taking niacin.
C) He needs to increase the dose of niacin.
D) He needs to reduce the dose of niacin.

Answer 3

He is having a reaction to taking niacin.

Question 4

A young woman comes into the clinic for a routine checkup and to make sure she is healthy enough to become pregnant.An increased intake of which vitamin is recommended for women who intend to become pregnant?

A) Pyridoxine hydrochloride
B) Folic acid
C) Pantothenic acid
D) Niacin

Question 5

Which is an action of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)?

A) Softens stool in the large bowel
B) Decreases nasal secretions
C) Protects vitamins A and E
D) Protects hair coloring

Question 6

Which vitamin A-rich foods are recommended for lactating women?

A) Eggs and liver
B) Hamburgers and fries
C) Apples and grapes
D) Steak and baked potatoes

Question 7

Which vitamins are fat soluble?

A) K, C, A, D
B) B1, B2, B3, B6
C) B12, A, E, C
D) E, A, K, D

Question 8

Vitamin D is used in the body for the absorption of which mineral?

A) Iron
B) Zinc
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium

Question 9

The recommended daily allowance of vitamin A for adults is 750 mcg/day.A patient tells the nurse that he is taking 1000 mcg of vitamin A daily to prevent night blindness.The nurse knows that the overdose of this medication can lead to which condition?

A) Obesity
B) Fluid retention
C) Eye infection
D) Hypervitaminosis

Question 10

Which vitamin actions include the metabolism of proteins,fats,and carbohydrates and is active in the tissue respiration system?

A) Thiamine
B) Ascorbic acid
C) Riboflavin
D) Folic acid

Question 11

Women taking oral contraceptives often show high levels of which vitamin?

A) Vitamin E
B) Vitamin A
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D

Question 12

What is folic acid used for?

A) Severe headaches
B) Reducing red blood cell synthesis
C) Red blood cell formation
D) Stool softening

Question 13

A patient is an alcoholic and is frequently in the clinic for various illnesses,including dehydration from vomiting.He presents this time with vomiting,anorexia,and fatigue.The health care provider has ordered intravenous fluids to be started on this patient.The nurse knows that electrolytes and vitamins will be in the solution.Given the patient's history,which vitamin should be included in the IV solution?

A) Ascorbic acid
B) Thiamine
C) Riboflavin
D) Pyridoxine

Question 14

Which vitamin turns urine yellow in color?

A) Vitamin B2
B) Vitamin B3
C) Vitamin B1
D) Vitamin B6

Question 15

An older adult patient comes to the doctor's office with complaints of malaise,nervousness,and difficulty walking.Her blood work reveals a deficiency in pyridoxine.The nurse would know that the patient has a deficiency in which vitamin?

A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin B12
D) Vitamin B6

Question 16

The highest amount of vitamin E is found in which food source(s)?

A) Meat
B) Milk and cheese
C) Wheat germ
D) Fish

Question 17

The main action of vitamin D is the movement of which?

A) Calcium and phosphorus
B) Potassium and sodium
C) Red and white blood cells
D) Creatinine and BUN

Question 18

One of the main functions of vitamin D is to stimulate calcium and sodium reabsorption in which vital organ?

A) Brain
B) Kidneys
C) Liver
D) Colon

Question 19

Which is the fat-soluble vitamin with the least potential for toxicity?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin K

Question 20

Which food is rich in vitamin A?

A) Apples
B) Pasta
C) Dairy products
D) Nuts

Question 21

A patient taking an iron supplement may experience which side effect?

A) Headache
B) Circumoral cyanosis
C) Fatigue
D) Black stools

Question 22

After his teeth have been coated with fluoride,the patient should be instructed not to rinse,eat,or drink for which time period after the procedure?

A) 1 hour
B) 2 1/2 hours
C) 10 minutes
D) 30 minutes

Question 23

A patient on Coumadin therapy begins to bleed from the gums while brushing her teeth.The nurse would expect the health care provider to prescribe which vitamin?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin K
D) Vitamin B1

Question 24

Which mineral should a patient on long-term diuretic therapy take?

A) Potassium
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Zinc

Question 25

A patient reports heavy menstrual periods,easy fatigability,and a general lack of energy.What is this patient most likely suffering from?

A) Acute renal failure
B) Iron-deficiency anemia
C) Hypokalemia
D) Dehydration

Question 26

Which mineral has been determined to be essential for cardiac function?

A) Iron
B) Fluoride
C) Zinc
D) Magnesium

Question 27

Which food(s)is (are)high in folic acid?

A) Crab
B) Chicken
C) Nuts
D) Vegetables

Question 28

The nurse is asked by the health care provider to administer vitamin K to a pregnant patient who is spotting.Which route of administration would the nurse use for vitamin K?

A) Intravenous
B) Intradermal
C) Sublingual
D) Subcutaneous

Question 29

Calcium is essential for which functions? (Select all that apply.)

A) Blood clotting
B) Neurotransmission
C) Formation of sweat
D) Muscle contraction
E) Regulating temperature

Question 30

Fluoride is an essential mineral that is taken into which body surface area for absorption?

A) Skin
B) Hair
C) Teeth
D) Nails

Question 31

Which conditions may require folic acid? (Select all that apply.)

A) Alcoholism
B) Hepatic disease
C) Pruritus
D) Lactation
E) Dental caries

Question 32

The nurse teaching a patient with malabsorption syndrome would tell the patient that which food(s)is (are)richest in manganese?

A) Whole-wheat cereal
B) Meat and fish
C) Tea and cloves
D) Milk and cheese

Question 33

Patients who have had renal stones should be monitored when taking which mineral?

A) Iron
B) Calcium
C) Magnesium
D) Potassium

Question 34

Magnesium is found in which food?

A) Bread
B) Meat
C) Eggs
D) Legumes

Question 35

What should the nurse caution the patient to do while taking a liquid iron preparation?

A) Put the iron preparation in milk.
B) Put the iron preparation over ice.
C) Dilute the iron preparation with water and drink it with a straw.
D) Take the iron preparation with an antacid.

Question 36

A patient seeking guidance selecting an over-the-counter multivitamin asks the nurse if synthetic or natural vitamins are better.Which is the best response made by the nurse?

A) "Research has shown they are equal and one is not better than the other."
B) "Natural vitamins are absolutely better."
C) "Synthetic vitamins are more effective than natural vitamins."
D) "There is inconclusive data available to answer your question."

Question 37

Which mineral is recommended for the prevention of dental caries?

A) Fluoride
B) Vitamin D
C) Iron
D) Calcium

Question 38

Which vitamin is used in the treatment of blood clotting disorders?

A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin A
D) Vitamin K

Question 39

A patient is admitted to the hospital with complaints of blood in his stools.He says he feels weak and short of breath.His hematologic values reveal anemia.He is given two units of blood and is stabilized.Which mineral does the nurse anticipate will be used to treat him?

A) Iron
B) Zinc
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium

Question 40

A patient develops a paralytic ileus 3 days after undergoing abdominal surgery.The nurse anticipates the doctor may order which vitamin to treat the patient's paralytic ileus?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B1
C) Vitamin K
D) Vitamin B5

Question 41

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B?)is a water-soluble vitamin found in which foods? (Select all that apply.)

A) Wheat
B) Corn
C) Apple
D) Pears
E) Milk