Deck 1: Police History

Question 1

The man who is credited with establishing London's first large-scale, civil police department in 1829 is Sir Robert Peel.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

In the latter part of the ninth century, England's King Alfred the Great established a form of community self-protection known as ___________.

A)Vigiles
B)hue and cry
C)shire-reeve
D)mutual pledge

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Early in the first decade of the 2000s, police nationwide adopted technology and data-mining, which resulted in crime reductions nationwide.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The word police is derived from the Latin word politia, which means "civil administration."

Question 5

By the seventeenth century, the northern colonies started to institute a civil law enforcement system that closely replicated the Greek model.

Question 6

Dred Scott v.Sandford (1857) held that Dred Scott could sue in court for his freedom because he was a citizen and not a piece of property.

Question 7

What private policing agency thwarted the alleged "Baltimore Plot" to assassinate president-elect Abraham Lincoln shortly before the Civil War?

A)The Pinkerton Agency.
B)The Rocky Mountain Detective Association
C)Wells Fargo and Company.
D)The Texas Rangers

Question 8

Early American police were responsible for cleaning streets, inspecting boilers, caring for the poor and homeless, operating emergency ambulances, and performing other social services, in addition to their law enforcement duties.

Question 9

London's first large-scale, civil police department consisted of more than 4,000 men.

Question 10

The first state police agency was the Texas Rangers.

Question 11

In 1991, what Los Angeles incident inflamed police-community relations?

A)Charles Manson's arrest
B)The L.A.shootout
C)The reinstatement of the death penalty
D)The Rodney King beating

Question 12

During ninth-century England, the system of mutual pledge was employed as a strategy for maintaining stability and providing a method for people living in villages to protect one another.

Question 13

John Edgar Hoover is known as the father of American policing.

Question 14

The Federal Judiciary Act of 1789 created the ___________.

A)bobbies
B)office of the U.S.marshal
C)FBI
D)New York City Police Department

Question 15

In seventeenth-century England, ___________ were assistants to the constables and walked the streets removing vagrants.

A)beadles
B)deputies
C)marshals
D)roamers

Question 16

The concept of the sheriff can be traced back to the Praetorian Guard.

Question 17

Escobedo v.Illinois was the U.S.Supreme Court case that applied the exclusionary rule to all states in the United States.

Question 18

The Bow Street Runners were founded by Sir Robert Peel.

Question 19

The U.S.Supreme Court case of Brown v.Board of Education of Topeka (1954), which desegregated schools all over the nation, created equal treatment of the races virtually overnight.

Question 20

Today, persons who are in police custody and set to be interrogated must be advised of their constitutional rights.What U.S.Supreme Court case set this precedent?

A)Mapp v.Ohio
B)Brown v.Mississippi
C)Escobedo v.Illinois
D)Miranda v.Arizona

Question 21

The Metropolitan Police was organized around the _____________, in which officers were assigned to relatively small permanent posts and were expected to become familiar with the area and the people residing there- making the officer a part of neighborhood life.

A)Watch and ward
B)Neighborhood
C)Beat system
D)Judicial system

Question 22

On what societal issue did the U.S.Supreme Court focus during the 1960s?

A)expanding governmental authority
B)police rights
C)individual rights
D)corporate rights

Question 23

Who formed the Bow Street Runners?

A)Henry Fielding
B)Sir Robert Peel
C)Patrick Colquhoun
D)Colonel Charles Rowan

Question 24

Which of the following people is considered to be the father of modern American policing?

A)August Vollmer
B)Robert Peel
C)O.W.Wilson
D)John S.Dempsey

Question 25

The Latin term posse comitatus, a law which sheriffs and marshals called upon in the late 1700s, means ___________.

A)"civil administration"
B)"the power of the county"
C)"one man rule"
D)"justice at all costs"

Question 26

What modern era tool did William J.Bratton use to completely reengineer the New York City Police Department to make reducing crime its primary objective?

A)SWAT
B)use of helicopters
C)CompStat
D)community policing

Question 27

The first state police agency was the ___________.

A)Arizona Rangers
B)Massachusetts Staties
C)Texas Rangers
D)Nevada Posse

Question 28

O.W.Wilson is noted historically for what contribution to modern policing?

A)Creating an internal police corruption task force
B)Creating the first professional police society, the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP)
C)Developing modern management and administrative techniques
D)Conducting the first national study of the U.S.criminal justice system

Question 29

What U.S.Supreme Court decision held that a black slave could not sue in court for his freedom because he was a piece of property, not a citizen?

A)Dred Scott v.Sandford
B)Mapp v.Ohio
C)Brown v.Board of Education of Topeka
D)Mabury v.Madison

Question 30

In 1857, which Republican-controlled state police force took over the existing Democrat-controlled police force in New York City?

A)The Municipal Police
B)The Metropolitan Police
C)Federal Marshals
D)State Troopers

Question 31

In what northern city was the first organized American police force established during the 1800s?

A)Boston
B)New York City
C)Philadelphia
D)Chicago

Question 32

The duties of the ________ included lighting street lamps, clearing garbage from the streets, and putting out fires.

A)thief-takers
B)watchmen
C)shire-reeve
D)magistrates

Question 33

Which then-Massachusetts governor fired all of the striking police officers during a Boston police strike and later became president of the United States?

A)Calvin Coolidge
B)Woodrow Wilson
C)Theodore Roosevelt
D)Ronald Reagan

Question 34

Historians and scholars indicate that __________ in the American South were the precursor to modern highway patrols.

A)Praetorian Guard
B)Vigiles
C)thief-takers
D)slave patrols

Question 35

Which one of the following figures created practices that started to professionalize the U.S.police, including incorporating university education as a part of police training?

A)August Vollmer
B)O.W.Wilson
C)Raymond Blaine Fosdick
D)J.Edgar Hoover

Question 36

Which U.S.Supreme Court case defined the constitutional right to counsel at police interrogation?

A)Mapp v.Ohio
B)Miranda v.Arizona
C)Escobedo v.Illinois
D)Brown v.Mississippi

Question 37

According to historians, what two southern U.S.states were the first to create slaves codes and, thus, an early form of patrolling?

A)North Carolina and Georgia
B)Mississippi and Alabama
C)South Carolina and Tennessee
D)Maryland and Virginia

Question 38

What piece of legislation gives law enforcement the ability to search, seize, detain, or eavesdrop in their pursuit of possible terrorists?

A)Posse Comitatus Act
B)USA Patriot Act
C)Statute of Winchester
D)Volstead Act

Question 39

What New York City police officer shared his tales of corruption with the New York Times, which resulted in the Knapp Commission?

A)David Owens
B)Whitman Knapp
C)Frank Serpico
D)Julius LaRosa

Question 40

What criminal justice scholar published the 1920 book, American Police Systems, which studied the police of 72 American cities?

A)Bruce Smith
B)O.W.Wilson
C)Raymond Blaine Fosdick
D)Estes Kefauver

Question 41

A rudimentary form of metropolitan policing called the __________ required all men in a given town to serve on the night watch.They were expected to patrol the streets and perform duties such as light street lamps, clear garbage, put out fires, and, of course, enforce criminal law.

Question 42

He was the director of the FBI from 1924 until his death in 1972.

A)Tom Ridge
B)J.Edgar Hoover
C)Robert Gray
D)O.W.Wilson

Question 43

With regard to early policing in England, what is Patrick Colquhoun known for?

A)Founding the Bow Street Runners
B)Creating the Metropolitan Police
C)Establishing the Marine Police
D)Establishing the first sheriffs

Question 44

__________ established the first large-scale, uniformed, paid, civil police force in London.

Question 45

__________ was the director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation from its inception in 1924 until his death in 1972.

Question 46

Where did modern style police departments first begin to appear in the fourteenth century?

A)England
B)Greece
C)Italy
D)France

Question 47

Within the King Alfred-established a system of society, citizens were expected to assist other citizens who were yelling for help.This was known as ___________.

A)hue and cry
B)watch and ward
C)mutual pledge
D)thief-take

Question 48

What piece of legislation made it a crime NOT to assist the night watch?

A)Posse Comitatus Act of 1879
B)Federal Judiciary Act of 1789
C)Statute of Winchester
D)Volstead Act

Question 49

During England's era of King Alfred the Great, a ________ consisted of 10 families grouped together to protect one another and assume responsibility for the acts of the group's members.

Question 50

In 1285, the Statute of Winchester established which of the following rudimentary aspects of a criminal justice system?

A)The watch and ward
B)The parish constable
C)The requirement that all males keep weapons in their homes for use in maintaining the public peace
D)All of the above

Question 51

__________ was a form of societal control where citizens grouped together to protect each other.

Question 52

The police represent the __________ power of government..

A)civil
B)administrative
C)political
D)military

Question 53

__________ is the computer-based management program that many say was responsible for New York City's drop in crime in the mid- to late-1990s.

Question 54

O.W.Wilson is the author of the classic text on policing entitled ________.

Question 55

According to researcher Sally E.Hadden, the state of _______ developed specific rules, guidelines, and duties for the slave patrols, which were in effect until the Civil War.

Question 56

The first specialized investigative unit in Rome was called __________, which means "trackers of murder."

Question 57

In 1929, President Herbert Hoover created the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement.This commission was known as the ___________.

A)Wickersham Commission
B)Kefauver Commission
C)Crime Commission
D)Kerner Commission

Question 58

Roman Emperor Augustus appointed the ________ to protect the palace and the emperor.

Question 59

What law established National Prohibition in 1920?

A)Olmstead Act
B)Homestead Act
C)Volstead Act
D)Federal Judiciary Act

Question 60

The _____________ was precipitated when a white, off-duty, New York City police lieutenant shot an African-American youth who was threatening a building superintendent with a knife.

Question 61

Explain how the evolution of the slave patrols in the 1700s marked the first advances in American policing.

Question 62

The landmark Supreme Court case of _____________________desegregated schools all over the nation and ended the legal segregation of races in the United States.

Question 63

Explain the significance of the creation of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration and its impact on policing in the United States.

Question 64

Reflect on the development of the Black Lives Matter movement and its affect on policing.

Question 65

How did technological advances change the police officer's role in the nineteenth century?

Question 66

Describe the social climate of the United States in the1960s, the public perception of police at the time, and the effects of key Supreme Court decisions at that time on American policing.

Question 67

What is the CompStat process and how did it affect policing?

Question 68

Compare and contrast policing before the creation of the London Metropolitan Police and policing today.

Question 69

Discuss how the English police experience influenced American policing and the criminal justice system during the colonial period and the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries .Provide specific examples.

Question 70

Explain why the Wickersham Commission was created and summarize its recommendations for policing.

Question 71

Are Peel's Nine Principles relevant to policing today? Why or why not?

Question 72

Summarize the changes that occurred in law enforcement following the terrorist attacks on 9/11.

Question 73

Compare and contrast the colonial northern watch with the southern slave patrols.