Deck 3: Nursing Theories and Conceptual Frameworks

Question 1

Nursing students are working with clients in a rehabilitation unit that requires them to improve their daily functioning. Which of the following types of nursing systems, according to Orem's theory, would be appropriate for the students to assist their clients with?

A) Educative.
B) Wholly compensatory.
C) Supportive-educative.
D) Partly compensatory.

Answer 1

Supportive-educative.

Question 2

A nurse is caring for a client with severe head trauma. Each shift, the nurse pays attention to the lighting, atmosphere and surroundings the client is exposed to. The nurse is functioning according to the assumptions of which nursing theorist?

A) Florence Nightingale.
B) Martha Rogers.
C) Jean Watson.
D) Dorothea Watson.

Answer 2

Florence Nightingale.

Question 3

A nurse has agreed to delay a client's treatment until the matriarch of the family can be present. Understanding that this is an important consideration for this client's cultural practices, the nurse is implementing which of Leininger's intervention modes?

A) Restructuring.
B) Re-patterning.
C) Accommodation, negotiation.
D) Preservation and maintenance.

Answer 3

Accommodation, negotiation.

Question 4

Nursing students are learning about Neuman's systems model in the clinical area. Which of the following would represent an intrapersonal stressor to a client?

A) Family members who quarrel frequently about the client's care.
B) Expectations regarding rehabilitation.
C) Inadequate health insurance coverage.
D) Adverse reaction to medication.

Question 5

Which of the following nurse theorists focused her theory on 14 fundamental needs of individuals?

A) Dorothea Orem.
B) Florence Nightingale.
C) Virginia Henderson.
D) Martha Rogers.

Question 6

Concepts of self-care, self-care deficit and nursing systems were developed by:

A) Virginia Henderson.
B) Dorothea Orem.
C) Rosemarie Parse.
D) Florence Nightingale.

Question 7

Nursing staff members from an acute psychiatric unit have been asked to identify a nursing theory they can easily identify with in their practice. Understanding the importance of developing a therapeutic relationship between themselves and their clients, which theorist would they most likely be drawn to?

A) Jean Watson.
B) Hidegard Peplau.
C) Florence Nightingale.
D) Dorothea Orem.

Question 8

It has been suggested that nursing theory:

A) guides knowledge development and directs education, research and practice.
B) developed the formation of stability models.
C) was based on previous assumptions about people and the world.
D) was organised into a conceptual framework to build a nursing curriculum.

Question 9

The client is experiencing metabolic acidosis, a condition that involves the body's pH level, carbon dioxide and bicarbonate balance. According to Roy's model, which mode is this client responding to?

A) Physiologic.
B) Interdependence.
C) Self-concept.
D) Role function.

Question 10

A theory that offers insight into the importance of the client participating in their health care decisions which influence health outcomes, was the:

A) General Theory.
B) Goal Attainment Theory.
C) Systems Model.
D) Adaptation Model.

Question 11

In nursing, the main function of theory and research is to:

A) expand the discipline's understanding of the concept of caring.
B) explain the art and science of nursing.
C) provide new treatment of care.
D) provide new possibilities for understanding the discipline's practice.

Question 12

A nursing student would like to explore the meaning of spirituality among clients and their response to spiritually-centred interventions in nursing practice. The work of which theorist would be most beneficial for this student?

A) Roy.
B) Peplau.
C) Nightingale.
D) Neuman.

Question 13

A client is being seen in the clinic for the final follow-up appointment after an extensive course of rehabilitation. According to Neuman's model, which level of intervention does this describe?

A) Primary prevention.
B) Resistant prevention.
C) Secondary prevention.
D) Tertiary prevention.

Question 14

The nurse academic is teaching health and wellness principles to first-year students. According to Orem's theory, which category of self-care requisite are these students experiencing?

A) Developmental.
B) Universal.
C) Compensatory.
D) Deficit.

Question 15

Nursing students who assist in an immunisation clinic are initiating which level of prevention, according to Neuman's model?

A) Primary.
B) Tertiary.
C) Secondary.
D) Educational.

Question 16

The client is working to include his spouse in the treatment and recovery process of his illness. Which of Roy's modes does this exemplify?

A) Interdependence.
B) Physiologic.
C) Self-concept.
D) Role function.

Question 17

According to Orem's self-care deficit theory, people are assisted through which of the following methods of helping?

A) Balancing rest, teaching and supporting.
B) Balancing rest, preventing hazards to life and guiding.
C) Teaching, supporting and guiding.
D) Teaching, supporting and preventing hazards to life.

Question 18

A pattern of shared understandings and assumptions about a reality that is largely taken for granted (such as religion or astronomy) is called:

A) culture.
B) concept.
C) paradigm.
D) theory.

Question 19

A student is caring for a client who contracted an infection following surgery. The client is afebrile during the student's shift, but still receiving IV antibiotics. This is an example of which level of prevention, according to Neuman's model?

A) Critical.
B) Secondary.
C) Primary.
D) Tertiary.

Question 20

During a hospital stay, the client has taken control of her recovery and rehabilitation and is utilising available resources for her needs. This describes which level of Peplau's model?

A) Resolution.
B) Orientation.
C) Exploitation.
D) Identification.

Question 21

One of the negative aspects of using theory to understand clinical practice could be:

A) highlighting perspectives from the arts and sciences.
B) the recognition of broader societal issues that affect health.
C) superimposing standard views and practices on vulnerable people.
D) illuminating humanistic values to the nursing profession.

Question 22

A nurse experiences some difficulty in advocating for changes for a healthier lifestyle with a group of Aboriginal clients. The nurse's role according to Parse's theory includes:

A) the client freely chooses the personal meaning of the illness.
B) teach the client that the witch doctor is wrong.
C) the nurse is the authority figure.
D) cultural values will not help with the illness.

Question 23

A nurse working with a diabetic client, to set his own goals and develop his personal coping strategies, is using which of the theoretical approaches?

A) Orem's general theory.
B) Neuman's System Model.
C) Roy's adaptation model.
D) Orem's self-care deficit model.

Question 24

Leininger emphasises that human caring, although a universal phenomenon:

A) varies among cultures at a particular time and place.
B) varies among cultures in its art and manners favoured by a social group.
C) varies among cultures in its expressions, processes and patterns.
D) varies among cultures in its hierarchical make-up.

Question 25

Much of the theoretical work in nursing is focused on articulating relationships between four major concepts often referred to as the 'metaparadigm for nursing'. They are:

A) society, medicine, nursing and biology.
B) client, environment, health and nursing.
C) organisation, discipline, nursing and client.
D) patient, facility, health and nursing.

Question 26

The paediatric nurse implements Watson's assumption regarding a caring environment by which of the following?

A) Allowing the clients to have choices, as appropriate, in their care.
B) Selecting games and activities that are age appropriate for the clients.
C) Providing all needs and cares to the nurse's clients.
D) Ensuring that a zone of professionalism is present between the nurse and client.

Question 27

The nurse implements being authentically present to clients by supporting them in their beliefs and being part of their social structure. The nurse has taken on the processes of which of the following theorists?

A) Rosemarie Parse.
B) Florence Nightingale.
C) Madeleine Leininger.
D) Hildegard Peplau.

Question 28

Theories that help elucidate how social structures affect a wide variety of human experiences are referred to as:

A) midlevel theories.
B) stability models.
C) critical theory.
D) grand theories.

Question 29

Which of the following is accepted as the primary contribution when debating the use of nursing theory in a clinical setting?

A) The introduction of a framework on which to base nursing curricula.
B) Thinking about the knowledge that nurses use in the clinical setting.
C) Evidence that nursing is maturing in academia.
D) The facilitation of reflecting, questioning and thinking about what nurses do.

Question 30

The established nursing theories fall under which of the following metaparadigms?

A) Person, environment, ill health and nursing.
B) Person, environment, health and nursing.
C) Person, medicine, illness and nursing.
D) Client, medicine, health and nursing.