Deck 10: Oxygen Administration

Question 1

Which of the following devices would be most appropriate to use for a 3-year-old patient who experiences immediate postextubation hypoxemia?

A) Blow-by setup
B) Partial rebreathing mask
C) Aerosol mask
D) T-piece

Answer 1

C
Both the aerosol mask and the face tent apparatus are indicated primarily for short-term administration of oxygen with high humidity, as in postextubation or postanesthesia hypoxemia.

Question 2

Which of the following oxygen-delivery devices would be most suitable for an infant being treated for choanal atresia?

A) Nasal cannula
B) Nasal catheter
C) Oxygen hood
D) Oxygen mask

Answer 2

C
When compared with an oxygen hood, the nasal cannula allows the patient greater mobility, which may increase interactions with the patient's caregivers and environment. Nasal cannulas and nasal catheters are contraindicated in patients with nasal obstruction, such as facial trauma and choanal atresia. With facial trauma or choanal atresia, an oxygen hood would be the most appropriate oxygen delivery device to use because as long as the infant remains within the confine of the oxygen hood, he or she will breathe an elevated FiO₂.

Question 3

A child with an exacerbation of asthma is a candidate for the administration of heliox. Which of the following gas delivery devices is most suitable for its administration?

A) Nasal catheter
B) Simple mask
C) Partial rebreathing mask
D) Nonrebreathing mask

Answer 3

D
Because it is designed to provide almost 100% source gas, a nonrebreathing mask is the device recommended to deliver specific gas mixtures, as in helium-oxygen therapy, or specific concentrations from a blender.

Question 4

Which of the following disorders can develop in neonates as a result of receiving concentrations of oxygen that produce a high PaO₂?

A) Atelectasis
B) Hyperoxia
C) Retinopathy of prematurity
D) Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Question 5

What is the concern when administering oxygen to a sedated infant who is wearing a nasal cannula?

A) Too low of an FiO₂ may be delivered.
B) Too high of an FiO₂ may be given.
C) Gastric distention may develop.
D) The patient may stop breathing.

Question 6

Which of the following ranges of oxygen flow need to be set when administering oxygen to an infant via a simple mask?

A) Less than 1 L/minute
B) 1 to 6 L/minute
C) 6 to 10 L/minute
D) Greater than 10 L/minute

Question 7

For which of the following conditions is a contraindication for the use of a high-flow nasal cannula?
I) Pneumothorax
II) Apnea of prematurity
III) Severe upper airway obstruction
IV) Lack of spontaneous breathing

A) I, III, and IV only
B) I and III only
C) II and IV only
D) III and IV only

Question 8

When weaning an infant receiving oxygen from a nasal cannula attached to a low-flow flow meter set at 100%, what range represents the recommended oxygen flow reduction from the flow meter?

A) Less than 0.1 L/minute
B) 0.1 to 0.2 L/minute
C) 0.2 to 0.3 L/minute
D) 0.3 to 0.4 L/minute

Question 9

The respiratory therapist is treating a hypoxemic child with a nasal cannula at 3 L/minute. However, after few hours the child becomes tachypneic, demonstrates shallow breathing, and becomes hypoxemic. What should the therapist do at this time?

A) Increase flow rate on the cannula to 4 L/minute.
B) Switch to a partial rebreathing mask.
C) Switch to an air-entrainment mask.
D) Apply positive pressure ventilation.

Question 10

What is the minimum level of oxygen tension in a child that requires oxygen administration?

A) PaO₂ of 60 mm Hg
B) PaO₂ of 80 mm Hg
C) SpO₂ of 92%
D) SpO₂ of 95%

Question 11

In which of the following conditions is the oxygen-carrying capacity reduced despite the presence of a normal arterial oxygen tension?

A) Carbon monoxide poisoning
B) Polycythemia
C) Heart failure
D) Cyanide poisoning

Question 12

How will excess condensate present in aerosol tubing affect the delivered FiO₂?

A) It will increase the FiO₂.
B) It will decrease the FiO₂.
C) It will only affect the FiO₂ if in excess of 2 mL.
D) It will produce an unpredictable effect on the FiO₂.

Question 13

Where does the fetal oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve reside in comparison with the normal adult oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

A) The two curves have the same position and coincide with each other.
B) The adult oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve lies to the left of the fetal curve.
C) The fetal oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve lies to the left of the adult curve.
D) The fetal oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve lies to the right of the adult curve.

Question 14

The therapist has evaluated a neonate's oxygenation status to be as follows: PaO₂ 40 mm Hg, and SpO₂ 80%. What should the therapist do at this time?

A) Continue monitoring the oxygen level of the neonate.
B) An FiO₂ of 1.0 needs to be administered.
C) An FiO₂ sufficient to raise the SpO₂ to 90% needs to be given.
D) An FiO₂ sufficient to elevate the PaO₂ to 80 mm Hg should be provided.

Question 15

In order to decrease the risk of nasal irritation in newborns, what is the maximum flow rate recommended?

A) 0.5 L/minute
B) 1 L/minute
C) 2 L/minute
D) 3 L/minute

Question 16

Which of the following problems occurs as a result of absorption atelectasis?

A) Pulmonary vasodilation
B) Increased intrapulmonary shunting
C) Decreased alveolar pressure
D) Increased partial pressure of nitrogen in the blood

Question 17

The therapist notices that the reservoir bag on a partial rebreathing mask being worn by a pediatric patient collapses completely during each inspiration. What should the therapist do at this time?

A) Increase the flow to the device.
B) Decrease the flow to the apparatus.
C) Switch to a nonrebreathing mask.
D) Continue monitoring the patient as the device is operating correctly.