Deck 45: Heart Structure

Question 1

The circumflex artery and the anterior interventricular artery are the main branches of the right coronary artery.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

What is the function of the auricles?

A) They are the upper chambers of the heart.
B) They supply oxygen-rich blood to the walls of the heart.
C) They are the lower chambers of the heart, which pump blood to the systemic and pulmonary circuits.
D) They form the serous membrane around the heart.
E) They allow the atria to expand while they are filling with blood.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following structures anchor(s) the cusps of the AV valves to the wall of the heart, to prevent regurgitation of blood?

A) Papillary muscles
B) Interventricular septum
C) Pectinate muscles
D) Endocardium
E) Trabeculae carneae

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which blood vessels branch directly off of the aorta at the level of the aortic semilunar valves?

A) Brachiocephalic arteries
B) Right and left coronary arteries
C) Right and left subclavian arteries
D) Great cardiac veins
E) Right and left pulmonary arteries

Question 5

Ridges of heart muscle located within the right atrium and the auricles are called the

A) pectinate muscles.
B) interatrial sulci.
C) atrioventricular orifices.
D) trabeculae carneae.
E) papillary muscles.

Question 6

Which of the following is not true of the coronary sinus?

A) It empties blood into the left atrium of the heart.
B) It drains the oxygen-poor blood from the cardiac veins, and returns it to the heart.
C) It runs through the fat pad of the coronary sulcus.
D) It is located on the posterior surface of the heart.
E) All of these are true of the coronary sinus.

Question 7

The pulmonary trunk is ________ to the aorta as they emerge from the heart.

A) posterior
B) lateral
C) anterior
D) distal
E) superior

Question 8

When dissecting the sheep heart, it can be seen that the wall thickness of the pulmonary trunk and aorta is much greater than that of the superior and inferior venae cavae.

Question 9

The great cardiac vein runs through the same sulcus as the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a branch of the aortic arch?

A) Right subclavian artery
B) Left common carotid artery
C) Brachiocephalic trunk
D) Left subclavian artery
E) All of these are branches of the aortic arch.

Question 11

The large arteries associated with the heart all transport oxygen-rich blood.

Question 12

Which of the heart valves contain chordae tendineae?

A) The aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves
B) The tricuspid and mitral valves
C) The aortic and mitral valves
D) The pulmonary and tricuspid valves
E) All of the heart valves

Question 13

The fibrous pericardium surrounds the visceral and parietal layers of the serous pericardium.

Question 14

Blood flowing out of the pulmonary veins flows into the ________ and then proceeds through the ________.

A) pulmonary trunk; right ventricle
B) right ventricle; pulmonary trunk
C) right atrium; tricuspid valve
D) left ventricle; aortic semilunar valve
E) left atrium; mitral valve

Question 15

Several large blood vessels attach to the inferior end of the heart.

Question 16

What prevents oxygen-rich blood from mixing with oxygen-poor blood in the heart?

A) The tricuspid valve
B) The fibrous pericardium
C) The aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves
D) The interatrial and interventricular septa
E) The intercalated discs

Question 17

Which of the following is not true of the pulmonary circuit?

A) It is much shorter than the systemic circuit.
B) Its arteries transport oxygen-rich blood, just like those of the systemic circuit.
C) It pumps blood from the heart to the lungs, and then back to the heart.
D) Blood is pumped into the pulmonary circuit from the right ventricle.
E) All of these are true of the pulmonary circuit.

Question 18

The visceral pericardium is the same layer as the epicardium.

Question 19

Which of the following is not true of the pulmonary trunk?

A) It splits to become the right and left pulmonary arteries.
B) It emerges from the right ventricle of the heart.
C) It transports oxygen-rich blood.
D) It transports blood away from the heart.
E) All of these are true of the pulmonary trunk.

Question 20

Cardiac muscle tissue makes up all of the following portions of the heart except

A) the myocardium of the walls of the heart chambers.
B) the trabeculae carneae.
C) the pectinate muscles.
D) the chordae tendineae.
E) the papillary muscles.