Deck 41: Diabetic Physiology

Question 1

Which of the following is not true of the hormone insulin?

A) It causes the synthesis of glycogen from glucose in the liver and skeletal muscles.
B) It causes facilitated diffusion of glucose across the plasma membranes of its target cells.
C) It lowers the blood sugar level.
D) It inhibits protein synthesis and fat storage.
E) All of these are true of the hormone insulin.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Diabetes insipidus is a form of diabetes mellitus.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What is the function of pancreatic polypeptide?

A) To promote somatostatin secretion
B) To increase the blood glucose level
C) To inhibit secretion of insulin and glucagon
D) To decrease the blood glucose level
E) To inhibit somatostatin and digestive enzyme secretion

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Which of the following is not true of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

A) It is an autoimmune disease.
B) It accounts for 85-90% of all cases of diabetes mellitus.
C) Treatment for this disease requires insulin administration.
D) It normally begins early in life.
E) All of these are true of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Question 5

The 4 types of secretory cells in the pancreatic islets are not present in the equal percentages. Which of the following represents the correct approximate percentages for the 4 types of islet cells?

A) 80% beta cells, 15% alpha cells, 5% delta cells, <1% F cells
B) 80% delta cells, 15% alpha cells, 5% F cells, <1% beta cells
C) 80% delta cells, 15% F cells, 5% beta cells, <1% alpha cells
D) 80% alpha cells, 15% beta cells, 5% delta cells, <1% F cells
E) 80% F cells, 15% delta cells, 5% beta cells, <1% alpha cells

Question 6

Cells that lack insulin receptors cannot use glucose as an energy source.

Question 7

What is secreted by the pancreatic acini?

A) Digestive hormones
B) Insulin and glucagon
C) Somatostatin
D) Digestive enzymes
E) Hydrochloric acid

Question 8

While a person is sleeping or between meals, blood glucose decreases and insulin level increases.

Question 9

Normal or even higher than normal levels of insulin can be found in a person with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Question 10

All of the following are possible symptoms of insulin shock except

A) rapid heart rate.
B) hyperglycemia.
C) mental disorientation and/or anxiety.
D) impaired vision.
E) sweating.

Question 11

Which of the following is not an expected behavioral change in a fish in insulin shock?

A) Rapid movement of the fish's body
B) Increased mouth movements
C) Decreased gill movements
D) Irregular movements of the fish's body
E) All of these are expected behavioral changes in a fish in insulin shock.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A) Insulin administration
B) Control of body weight
C) Avoidance of insulin-triggering foods
D) Exercise
E) All of these are treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Question 13

Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the pancreas?

A) Glucagon
B) Pancreatic polypeptide
C) Insulin
D) Somatostatin
E) All of these hormones are secreted by the pancreas.

Question 14

Insulin shock can occur when a person with type 1 diabetes mellitus eats a high-carbohydrate meal, but forgets to take insulin.

Question 15

The primary source of cellular energy (fuel) is glucose.