Question 1

Which is a prerenal cause of acute kidney injury (AKI)?&#10;A) Hemorrhagic shock&#10;B) Hydronephrosis&#10;C) Hypertension&#10;D) Renal calculi

Accepted Answer

Hemorrhagic shock is a prerenal cause of AKI because it results in decreased perfusion to the kidneys due to decreased blood volume and blood pressure. Hydronephrosis, hypertension, and renal calculi are not prerenal causes of AKI.

Question 2

Which tests should be monitored regularly to monitor for complications of chronic renal disease (CRD)? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Liver enzymes&#10;B) Parathyroid hormone levels&#10;C) Serum glucose&#10;D) Serum lipids&#10;E) Vitamin D levels

Accepted Answer

B) Parathyroid hormone levels should be monitored regularly to assess for secondary hyperparathyroidism, a common complication of CRD.
D) Serum lipids should be monitored regularly to assess for dyslipidemia, which is common in patients with CRD and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
E) Vitamin D levels should be monitored regularly as CRD often leads to vitamin D deficiency.

Question 3

A primary care provider sees a new patient who reports having a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease for several years. The patient is taking one medication for hypertension which has been prescribed since the diagnosis was made. The provider orders laboratory tests to evaluate the status of this patient. Which laboratory finding indicates a need to refer the patient to a nephrologist?

A) Albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) of 325 mg/g
B) Blood pressure of 145/85 mm Hg
C) Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 35
D) Urine red blood cell (RBC) count of 15/hpf

A

Accepted Answer

ACR of 325 mg/g indicates significant albuminuria, which is a sign of kidney damage and requires further evaluation by a nephrologist.

Deck 131: Renal Failure