Deck 3: Individual Differences

Question 1

Openness is a personality trait assessed by core self-evaluations.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Emotion moderation is one of the three, key facets of emotional intelligence.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

An ambivert is someone who possesses both moderate levels of introversion and extroversion.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Locus of control is a personality trait assessed by core self-evaluations.

Question 5

In general, your scores on each of the Big Five personality traits will not change much over your lifetime.

Question 6

An obstacle to understanding employee attitudes is determining how best to collect information about them.

Question 7

Integrity tests are of little value in predicting who might display counterproductive work behavior.

Question 8

According to a recent study, individuals who possess a moderate degree of narcissism may be able to demonstrate effective leadership.

Question 9

Surprise is a core human emotion.

Question 10

Personality is determined both by genetics and the environment and tends to represent our dominant or natural behavior.

Question 11

Dispositional strength is a construct suggesting that some situations create more pressure to engage in or refrain from certain behaviors.

Question 12

Moods are shorter held but more intense feelings than are emotions.

Question 13

Which effect refers to the finding that people generally accept personality-test results as true, regardless of accuracy?

A)Bommer
B)Bailey
C)Barnum
D)Houdini
E)Marks

Question 14

Emotional stability and openness to experience are the Big Five traits that best predict success for salespeople.

Question 15

Cognitive ability is the single most influential individual difference factor for successful job performance.

Question 16

Assertiveness is listed as one of the Big Five personality factors.

Question 17

Neuroticism is a component of the "dark triad."

Question 18

People are more the same than they are different.

Question 19

The millennial generation is much different from the baby boomers.

Question 20

Agreeableness is the Big Five trait that almost universally predicts performance for all jobs.

Question 21

In a recent study, men who were ________ earned considerably more than did men who were not.

A)neurotic
B)closed-minded
C)introverted
D)disagreeable
E)conscientious

Question 22

Which statement would someone scoring high on Psychopathy agree with?

A)I tend to manipulate others to get my way.
B)I tend to seek prestige or status.
C)I tend to want others to admire me.
D)I tend not to be too concerned with the morality of my actions.
E)I tend to exploit others toward my own end.

Question 23

Which is not one of the four individual difference factors featured and discussed in this chapter?

A)perception
B)ability
C)attitudes
D)emotions
E)personality

Question 24

Which Big Five personality trait best predicts success in managerial training positions?

A)agreeableness
B)extroversion
C)openness to experience
D)neuroticism
E)conscientiousness

Question 25

Some research suggests that individuals who possess a moderate degree of ________ may be able to demonstrate effective leadership.

A)introversion
B)neuroticism
C)Machiavellianism
D)psychopathy
E)narcissism

Question 26

Which is not a Big Five personality trait?

A)extroversion
B)conscientiousness
C)agreeableness
D)narcissism
E)neuroticism

Question 27

Which type of commitment is an emotional attachment to the organization?

A)endurance
B)emotional
C)continuance
D)normative
E)affective

Question 28

Which Dark Triad trait is positively related to objective career success in the form of salary levels and status?

A)introversion
B)neuroticism
C)Machiavellianism
D)psychopathy
E)narcissism

Question 29

An appraisal of our competence in performing across situations is known as

A)locus of control.
B)self-evaluations.
C)self-esteem.
D)generalized self-efficacy.
E)specific self-efficacy.

Question 30

Our sense of confidence, security and positive self-view is known as

A)self-evaluations.
B)self-appraisal.
C)self-efficacy.
D)self-esteem.
E)emotional stability.

Question 31

Which Big Five personality trait predicts successful customer service?

A)extroversion
B)conscientiousness
C)agreeableness
D)openness
E)neuroticism

Question 32

What is the name for the general value we ascribe to ourselves?

A)self-esteem
B)self-monitoring
C)locus of control
D)emotional Intelligence
E)self-control

Question 33

Under the concept of ________ strength, some scenarios create more pressure to engage in or refrain from certain behaviors.

A)conditional
B)situational
C)circumstantial
D)provisional
E)qualified

Question 34

"I have used deceit or lied to get my way," "I tend to manipulate others," "I tend to exploit others toward my own end." These statements most likely measure which personality trait?

A)introversion
B)neuroticism
C)Machiavellianism
D)psychopathy
E)narcissism

Question 35

The three factors that comprise the Dark Side of human personality are psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and

A)narcissism.
B)neuroticism.
C)introversion.
D)impulsiveness.
E)mysticism.

Question 36

High levels of ________ are associated with lower stress at work and reduced work-family conflict.

A)extroversion
B)core self-evaluations
C)positive emotions
D)positive moods
E)agreeableness

Question 37

"I tend to lack remorse," "I tend to be callous or insensitive." These statements most likely measure which personality trait?

A)introversion
B)neuroticism
C)Machiavellianism
D)psychopathy
E)narcissism

Question 38

Which is not one of the four individual difference factors featured and discussed in this chapter?

A)personality
B)ability
C)needs
D)emotions
E)attitudes

Question 39

A wish to stay with the organization out of feelings of obligation is known as ________ commitment.

A)affective
B)normative
C)continuance
D)emotional
E)duty

Question 40

The degree of power over life events we perceive we possess is known as

A)locus of control.
B)self-evaluations.
C)self-esteem.
D)generalized self-efficacy.
E)specific self-efficacy.

Question 41

________ commitment is an attitude representing the extent to which an employee identifies with his or her organization and desires to remain a member of it.

A)Affective
B)Normative
C)Organizational
D)Continuance
E)Endurance

Question 42

Describe individual differences and the role of context in understanding human behavior.

Question 43

Which individual differences factor is generally regarded as the most powerful predictor of job performance?

A)emotions
B)personality
C)cognitive ability
D)attitudes
E)dispositions

Question 44

Of the Big Five personality traits, which is the best predictor of success in school?

A)neuroticism
B)extroversion
C)conscientiousness
D)openness to experience
E)agreeableness

Question 45

The ability to influence which emotions you experience and how you experience them is known as emotion

A)mindfulness.
B)awareness.
C)perception.
D)understanding.
E)regulation.

Question 46

People who are competent in a particular skill are far better able to recognize their competence than are those who lack the skill. This is known as the _______ effect.

A)Pygmalion
B)low self-monitoring
C)high self-monitoring
D)Baldwin-Bommer
E)Dunning-Kruger

Question 47

Some individuals can use mood ________ to actively change negative mood states to positive ones.

A)repair
B)restoration
C)mending
D)overhaul
E)reformation

Question 48

The ability to process perceive emotion in order to make sense of it within what is known about the world is known as emotion

A)understanding.
B)perception.
C)regulation.
D)awareness.
E)mindfulness.

Question 49

Which is not good advice on how to manage an organizational cynic?

A)Deal with the past.
B)Isolate cynics from change efforts.
C)Overcommunicate.
D)Involve converts.
E)Don't make promises you can't keep.

Question 50

The acronym GCA is most relevant to which individual difference factor?

A)emotions
B)personality
C)cognitive ability
D)attitudes
E)dispositions

Question 51

Which is not in the set of personality traits known as core self-evaluations?

A)self-actualization
B)self-esteem
C)generalized self-efficacy
D)locus of control
E)emotional Stability

Question 52

An organizational ________ is a person at work who has an attitude of contempt, frustration, and distrust toward an object or multiple objects.

A)nihilist
B)doubter
C)pessimist
D)cynic
E)skeptic

Question 53

Which is not a key aspect of emotional intelligence?

A)Be able to accurately identify and express your and others' feelings.
B)Practice empathy.
C)Get in the right mood.
D)Predict the emotional future.
E)Do it with feeling.

Question 54

A(n)________ is a longer held and less intense feeling that does not necessarily occur in reaction to the environment.

A)emotion
B)mood
C)attitude
D)positive affective state
E)negative affective state

Question 55

Tom is applying for a job, but his hopes are low. He feels that the company he is applying to controls the shots, and there is nothing he can do about it. Tom is likely low in

A)self-monitoring.
B)self-esteem.
C)self-efficacy.
D)self-actualization.
E)locus of control.

Question 56

The name for the type of test designed to detect and predict deviant behaviors before hiring someone is a(an)________ test.

A)principle
B)honor
C)truth
D)integrity
E)honesty

Question 57

________ commitment is an emotional attachment to the organization.

A)Affective
B)Normative
C)Organizational
D)Continuance
E)Endurance

Question 58

________ commitment is a wish to stay with the organization out of feelings of obligation.

A)Affective
B)Normative
C)Organizational
D)Continuance
E)Endurance

Question 59

The Wonderlic Personnel Test is a widely used measure of

A)job performance.
B)job satisfaction.
C)job attitudes.
D)cognitive ability.
E)emotional intelligence.

Question 60

A meta-analysis on generational differences revealed that

A)there were large meaningful differences across generations.
B)across-generation differences were mild or essentially zero.
C)baby boomers were more introverted than were members of Generation Z.
D)baby boomers were more introverted than were members of Generation X.
E)Generation Z were the most open to experience.

Question 61

Define personality and describe the Big Five model. Which trait best predicts success for (a)any job, (b)salespeople, and (c)managerial training positions?

Question 62

Describe the fundamental elements of personality.

Question 63

What is an organizational cynic? Give advice on how to manage him or her.

Question 64

What is emotional intelligence? Describe its three key facets. Assess whether you think you are high or low on each facet but keep the Dunning-Kruger effect in mind.

Question 65

What is job satisfaction, and what organizational outcomes is job satisfaction associated with?

Question 66

What is the Dark Triad? List and describe its three factors. What organizational outcomes does the Dark Triad predict?

Question 67

Explain the differences between emotions and moods.

Question 68

Describe the Dunning-Kruger effect. Describe the Barnum effect. How does each effect fall within the confines of self-awareness?

Question 69

Discuss the role that cognitive ability and emotional intelligence play in successful job performance.

Question 70

Describe major outcomes associated with common job attitudes.

Question 71

Explain how to improve self-awareness.

Question 72

Which do you think is more important to job success and why: Cognitive ability or emotional intelligence?

Question 73

What are the four, specific traits that comprise core self-evaluations? What organizational outcomes are associated with people who score high on core self-evaluations?

Question 74

What is organizational commitment? List and describe the three types of commitment. What organizational outcomes are predicted by organizational commitment?