Question 1

Which of the following would not cause an increase in the protein content of urine?&#10;A)Kidney disease involving glomerular damage&#10;B)Hypotension (low blood pressure)&#10;C)Very strenuous exercise&#10;D)Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus&#10;E)All of these would cause an increase in the protein content of the urine.

Accepted Answer

Hypotension (low blood pressure) would not cause an increase in protein content in urine. The other options are all known causes of proteinuria (presence of protein in urine).

Question 2

Temperature has no effect on the specific gravity of a urine sample.

Accepted Answer

Specific gravity of a urine sample is affected by temperature; as temperature increases, the specific gravity decreases because the liquid expands, and vice versa.

Question 3

Which of the following is not true of urobilinogen?&#10;A)It is a breakdown product of bilirubin.&#10;B)A low level in the urine could indicate decreased bile production.&#10;C)A high level in the urine could indicate hemolytic anemia or cirrhosis of the liver.&#10;D)It gives urine its yellow color.&#10;E)All of these are true of urobilinogen.

Accepted Answer

Although urobilinogen is a breakdown product of bilirubin and its presence in urine can indicate various health conditions, it is not the component that gives urine its yellow color. The yellow color of urine comes from urochrome, a pigment produced by the breakdown of hemoglobin.

Question 4

Glucosuria can have either a pathological or a nonpathological cause.

Accepted Answer

Glucosuria can be caused by a pathological condition such as diabetes mellitus, or a nonpathological condition such as a high-carbohydrate diet or pregnancy.

Question 5

Which of the following is considered to be a nitrogenous waste, and is normally found in urine?&#10;A)Urea&#10;B)Ketones&#10;C)Glucose&#10;D)Hemoglobin&#10;E)Bilirubin

Accepted Answer

Urea is a nitrogenous waste product that is produced in the liver from the breakdown of amino acids, and it is normally found in urine. Ketones are not nitrogenous, and they are not normally found in urine unless a person has a metabolic disorder called ketonuria. Glucose is not a waste product, and it is normally filtered out of the urine by the kidneys to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. Hemoglobin and bilirubin are both breakdown products of red blood cells, and they are not normally found in urine unless there is a problem with the liver or the kidneys.

Question 6

A high protein diet may make the pH of a person's urine more basic (alkaline).

Accepted Answer

A high protein diet typically increases the acidity of urine, making it more acidic, not alkaline, because protein metabolism generates acids such as sulfuric acid.

Question 7

Diabetes mellitus might be indicated in all of the following urinalysis results except&#10;A)the presence of glucose.&#10;B)an abnormal decrease in pH.&#10;C)the presence of ketones.&#10;D)the presence of hemoglobin.&#10;E)All of these may indicate diabetes mellitus.

Accepted Answer

The presence of hemoglobin in urine is not specifically indicative of diabetes mellitus. It may indicate the presence of blood in urine which could be due to different reasons such as urinary tract infections, kidney stones, or bladder cancer. The other options, presence of glucose, abnormal decrease in pH, and presence of ketones are all indicative of diabetes mellitus.

Question 8

Which of the following factors does not affect the daily urine volume?&#10;A)The environmental temperature&#10;B)The respiratory rate&#10;C)The relative humidity&#10;D)The body temperature&#10;E)All of these factors affect the daily urine volume.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following factors does not...

Question 9

Which of the following is not true of the sediments found in urine samples?&#10;A)Normal sediments include mucus, particular crystals, and various cells.&#10;B)Sediments are examined under a microscope.&#10;C)Many types are casts are normal sediments found in the urine.&#10;D)The presence of epithelial cells that line the urinary tract in urine sediment indicates a urinary tract infection.&#10;E)All of these are true of the sediments found in urine samples.

Accepted Answer

The presence of epithelial cells that line the urinary tract in urine sediment does not necessarily indicate a urinary tract infection (UTI). These cells can be present in urine for various reasons, and their presence alone, without other signs or symptoms, does not confirm a UTI.

Question 10

Which of the following substances is a normal component of urine?&#10;A)Urobilinogen&#10;B)Leukocytes&#10;C)Hemoglobin&#10;D)Nitrites&#10;E)Glucose

Accepted Answer

Urobilinogen is a normal component of urine, produced from the breakdown of hemoglobin in the liver. Leukocytes, hemoglobin, and nitrites in urine can indicate infection or other health issues, while glucose in urine may indicate diabetes or other metabolic disorders.

Question 11

An abnormal color of the urine can be caused by eating certain foods, such as beets or carrots; when this occurs, it is nonpathological.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An abnormal color of the urine can...

Question 12

Which of the following is not one of the processes of urine formation?&#10;A)Micturition&#10;B)Tubular secretion&#10;C)Glomerular filtration&#10;D)Tubular reabsorption&#10;E)All of these are processes of urine formation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not one...

Question 13

A urinary tract infection would likely be indicated in a urinalysis by ________ in the urine.&#10;A)the presence of glucose&#10;B)an absence of sediment&#10;C)the presence of nitrites or white blood cells&#10;D)an abnormally low specific gravity&#10;E)the presence of ketones

Accepted Answer

The answer of A urinary tract infection would likely be...

Question 14

What effect would diabetes insipidus have on a person's urinalysis?&#10;A)The specific gravity would be higher than normal.&#10;B)The pH would be abnormally high.&#10;C)The specific gravity would be lower than normal.&#10;D)The glucose level would be higher than normal.&#10;E)There would be no effect on the urinalysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What effect would diabetes insipidus have on...

Question 15

All of the following are evaluated as &#34;physical characteristics&#34; in a urinalysis except&#10;A)volume of the urine.&#10;B)sediment analysis.&#10;C)transparency.&#10;D)odor.&#10;E)color.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following are evaluated as...

Deck 59: Urinalysis