Question 1

The vagus nerve transmits gustatory nerve impulses from the entire tongue to the brain.

Accepted Answer

The gustatory nerve, also known as the facial nerve, is responsible for transmitting taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue to the brain. The vagus nerve is not directly involved in transmitting taste impulses from the tongue.

Question 2

On their way to the primary gustatory cortex, taste impulses pass through the&#10;A)medulla oblongata and the thalamus.&#10;B)olfactory cortex.&#10;C)limbic system.&#10;D)corpora quadrigemina and cerebral peduncles.&#10;E)cerebellum.

Accepted Answer

Taste impulses pass through the medulla oblongata and the thalamus on their way to the primary gustatory cortex in the parietal lobe of the brain.

Question 3

The smell and taste of foods are influenced by all of the following except&#10;A)the appearance of the food.&#10;B)the texture of the food.&#10;C)the temperature of the food.&#10;D)a person's mood.&#10;E)all of these influence the smell and taste of foods.

Accepted Answer

All the options listed (appearance, texture, temperature, and a person's mood) can influence the perception of smell and taste of foods. The appearance can affect expectations and thus perception; texture can alter the experience of flavor; temperature can enhance or diminish flavors; and a person's mood can affect their sensitivity and enjoyment of food.

Question 4

What type of cells are olfactory receptor cells?&#10;A)Squamous epithelial cells&#10;B)Columnar epithelial cells&#10;C)Bipolar neurons&#10;D)Cuboidal epithelial cells&#10;E)Multipolar neurons

Accepted Answer

Olfactory receptor cells are specialized bipolar neurons that are responsible for detecting odors in the nasal cavity.

Question 5

Both the primary olfactory cortex and the primary gustatory cortex are located in the temporal lobe of the cerebrum.

Accepted Answer

The primary olfactory cortex is located in the temporal lobe, but the primary gustatory cortex is primarily found in the insula and frontal operculum, not in the temporal lobe.

Question 6

Umami taste receptors are sensitive to&#10;A)sodium or potassium salts.&#10;B)sugars.&#10;C)aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and MSG.&#10;D)acids.&#10;E)alkaloids and spoiled foods.

Accepted Answer

Umami taste receptors are sensitive to aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and monosodium glutamate (MSG), which are all amino acids. These receptors are responsible for the savory or meaty flavor in foods.

Question 7

Olfactory receptors cells send their action potentials through openings in the ethmoid bone, and synapse with neurons in the&#10;A)olfactory cortex.&#10;B)olfactory foramina.&#10;C)cribriform plate.&#10;D)thalamus.&#10;E)olfactory bulbs.

Accepted Answer

Olfactory receptor cells send their action potentials through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, but they synapse with neurons in the olfactory bulbs, not directly through the bone itself. The olfactory bulbs are the first site of synaptic connection in the olfactory pathway.

Question 8

Alkaloids produce the ________ taste sensation.&#10;A)sour&#10;B)sweet&#10;C)umami&#10;D)salty&#10;E)bitter

Accepted Answer

Alkaloids are bitter-tasting compounds found in plants.

Question 9

Sensory adaption occurs very quickly in both olfaction and gustation.

Accepted Answer

Sensory adaption occurs very quickly in both olfaction (sense of smell) and gustation (sense of taste) due to the constant exposure to stimuli. This allows our senses to become more sensitive to new or different stimuli.

Question 10

Taste receptors for the 5 different categories of taste sensations are evenly distributed on the tongue.

Accepted Answer

This is a common misconception. Taste receptors for the 5 different categories of taste sensations (sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami) are actually evenly distributed throughout the tongue, not in specific regions associated with each taste sensation. However, other factors such as temperature, texture, and aroma can also contribute to the overall perception of taste.

Question 11

The supporting cells for olfactory receptor cells are&#10;A)pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells.&#10;B)bipolar neurons.&#10;C)simple columnar epithelial cells.&#10;D)multipolar neurons.&#10;E)simple cuboidal epithelial cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The supporting cells for olfactory receptor cells...

Question 12

What is the function of the basal cells of the taste buds?&#10;A)They are the taste receptor cells.&#10;B)They transmit sensory impulses from the taste receptor cells to the 3 cranial nerves associated with gustation.&#10;C)They surround and protect the taste buds.&#10;D)They replace damaged taste cells every 7-10 days.&#10;E)They provide physical support to the taste receptor cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the function of the basal...

Question 13

In the absence of olfaction, the sense of gustation is diminished.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the absence of olfaction, the sense...

Question 14

Olfactory hairs are ________; taste hairs are ________.&#10;A)cilia; cilia&#10;B)cilia; microvilli&#10;C)actin filaments; myosin filaments&#10;D)microvilli; cilia&#10;E)microvilli; microvilli

Accepted Answer

The answer of Olfactory hairs are ________; taste hairs are...

Question 15

Olfactory and gustatory receptors are both chemoreceptors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Olfactory and gustatory receptors are both chemoreceptors....

Deck 35: Smell and Taste