Deck 11: Identifying Problems in the Criminal Justice System

Question 1

What type of crime is considered morally wrong?

A) felony
B) misdemeanor
C) mala in se
D) mala prohibita

Answer 1

C

Question 2

In Phoenix, Arizona a local police chief instructed officers to only patrol neighborhoods of affluent citizens. Response times in these communities are under 4 minutes when there is an emergency. In other areas of the city, response times are over 20 minutes. What social problem was created by the police policy to only patrol the affluent neighborhoods?

A) Responding to some groups and communities as more or less deserving of criminal justice intervention.
B) Creating a stigma of criminal record forcing people to commit crimes to survive.
C) Not enough officers on patrol to meet the needs of the community.
D) Failure of the community to police their own standards.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A person driving under the influence of alcohol hit a pedestrian with the car. What type of crime is this?

A) felony
B) misdemeanor
C) infraction
D) mala prohibita

Answer 3

A

Question 4

People between the ages of ______ are most likely to commit crimes.

A) 10 and 17
B) 21 and 28
C) 35 and 45
D) 55 and older

Question 5

When there is a strong sense of legal cynicism, how do people treat police?

A) People are violent toward the police.
B) People are more willing to call and trust police.
C) People are unwilling to call or trust police.
D) People ignore the police and police themselves.

Question 6

Which U.S. Supreme Court decision upheld the constitutionality of police conducting pat downs of peoples' outer garments for weapons?

A) Mapp v. Ohio
B) Floyd v. City of New York
C) Miranda v. Arizona
D) Terry v. Ohio

Question 7

What is the intended purpose of the criminal justice system?

A) protect members of society
B) punish those who commit criminal actions
C) address the social problem of crime
D) prevent crime from happening

Question 8

The Monterey police department has an issue with people asking for spare change in tourist areas. People who are asking for spare change are causing store owners to lose customers. The police and the store owners had a meeting to solve this problem. This is an example of community ______.

A) ownership
B) discrimination
C) policing
D) crime watch

Question 9

What is the most common way people interact with police?

A) community events
B) reporting crimes
C) traffic stops
D) traffic accidents

Question 10

______ refers to changing the law, so an action is no longer considered criminal.

A) Repeal and replace
B) Override
C) Legislative omission
D) Decriminalization

Question 11

What issue did the Floyd v. City of New York case address in Terry Stops?

A) failure to uncover illegal behavior
B) the number of people stopped
C) lack of probable cause
D) location of the stops

Question 12

According to the conflict perspective how is the law used?

A) benefitting people with wealth and power
B) leveling social inequalities
C) paying the police high salaries
D) teaching children about morality

Question 13

What led to the unrest and protests in Ferguson after the death of Michael Brown?

A) unlawful conduct by police officers
B) false murder convictions
C) lack of police presence in the community
D) riots over the results of a professional baseball game

Question 14

How do the proponents of broken window policing believe crime can be stopped?

A) Donating money to improve the schools in these areas.
B) Providing more job opportunities to those in broken window areas.
C) Cracking down on disorderly behavior.
D) Placing police informants in the community.

Question 15

Citizens report greater satisfaction with police performance and view the police with more legitimacy when the police ______.

A) adopt community policing strategies
B) leave the citizens alone
C) focus on patrolling the high crime areas
D) provide transparency in arrests

Question 16

Why is the phrase "criminal justice system" misleading?

A) There is not one single cohesive system in the United States.
B) Not all participants in the criminal justice system are criminals.
C) The word justice is subjective to the person who is seeking justice.
D) The system does not designate leadership or ownership.

Question 17

In the United States, one out of every ______ adults has been arrested.

A) six
B) five
C) four
D) three

Question 18

What is a common characteristic of Black Lives Matter and Blue Lives Matter?

A) Both organizations are well respected in the community.
B) Both organizations have representation in local, state, and national government.
C) Both organizations are engaged in peaceful negations with law enforcement.
D) Both organizations are seeking the moral support of the community.

Question 19

When is police force regarded as police brutality?

A) the use of firearms or other lethal weapons
B) targeting members of minority groups in low-income areas
C) using force greater than what is necessary for public safety
D) failing to read Miranda rights at the time of arrest

Question 20

The city of Chicago was having issues with people defacing local buses and trains. To stop the defacing the city passes a law banning the sale of spray paint within city limits. This type of law is known as ______.

A) mala in se
B) mala prohibita
C) res ispa
D) actus res

Question 21

According to sociological research on the hiring practices of employers, which demographic suffers the most from collateral consequences?

A) white men
B) black men
C) Latino men
D) white women

Question 22

What is an unintended consequence of the "ban-the-box" movement?

A) expungement
B) racial discrimination
C) mandatory minimum sentencing
D) community disorder

Question 23

Which social factor reduces recidivism rates?

A) strong interpersonal relationships
B) stricter laws
C) drug addiction
D) collateral consequences

Question 24

Matthew Sample is a white-collar criminal who stole over one-million dollars from his unsuspecting clients. Which factor influenced the first judge to sentence him to probation?

A) Sample had no criminal record before this action.
B) Sample had many philanthropic charities that depended on him.
C) Sample had a good job and could pay back the money he stole.
D) The judge was bound by mandatory sentencing guidelines.

Question 25

The United States has a ______ bail system.

A) merit
B) time served
C) cash
D) needs based

Question 26

Ivan was serving time for armed robbery. He was released early for his good behavior. What was Ivan released on?

A) probation
B) parole
C) community corrections
D) determinate sentencing

Question 27

Chris has recently been released from prison for car theft. He is applying for a job at the local Burger King. On the application there is a box asking if they have been convicted of a crime. He checked yes. During the interview he is told that the job is going to someone who doesn't have a criminal conviction. This is an example of ______.

A) discrimination
B) non-criminal preference
C) collateral consequences
D) at will employment

Question 28

Maria was convicted of a crime, but rather than prison she was allowed to check in with a court officer and keep her regular life going. What type of sentencing did she have?

A) bail
B) probation
C) parole
D) time served

Question 29

People who are found guilty of first-degree murder could be put to death for their crime. The death penalty is meant to be a warning for future criminals not to commit first degree murder. What criminal justice philosophy of punishment does this scenario explain?

A) retribution
B) incapacitation
C) restoration
D) deterrence

Question 30

"Truth-in-sentencing" laws require an offender to ______.

A) serve time based on their charges
B) apologize to the victims
C) serve 85% of their sentence
D) serve 100% of their sentence

Question 31

Chris was convicted of robbing houses. Twenty years after his conviction his records were expunged. One day Chris' employer finds his arrest record online. As a result, Chris is fired. This is an instance of ______.

A) digital punishment
B) online punishment
C) digital stalking
D) online stalking

Question 32

In ______, the number of people incarcerated in the United States hit an all-time high.

A) 2009
B) 2008
C) 2007
D) 2006

Question 33

Substantial increased drug arrests and criminal penalties are the result of ______.

A) the War on Drugs
B) "truth-in-sentencing" laws
C) "tough-on-crime" policies
D) mandatory minimums

Question 34

______ refers to the process of getting a criminal record sealed or physically destroyed.

A) Expungement
B) Clearing
C) Pardon
D) Finding of Innocence

Question 35

Roughly ______ of people in jails have not been convicted of a crime.

A) two-thirds
B) one-half
C) three-quarters
D) one-third

Question 36

Even if someone's record is expunged why might they still suffer from digital punishment?

A) There is lack of oversight to correct errors or update information once posted on the internet.
B) Felony offenders are denied internet services due to dark web suspicion.
C) All internet data is stored with the Library of Congress.
D) Companies who own databases are trying to market information rather than verify information.

Question 37

What is the purpose of getting a record expunged?

A) Eligibility for a driver's license and other official documentation.
B) Ability to restore their lost rights from a criminal conviction.
C) Preventing collateral consequences.
D) Making it easily accessible to the public.

Question 38

Criminals who offend after a criminal sanction has previously been imposed is known as ______.

A) committing crimes
B) recidivism
C) reoffending
D) collateral consequences

Question 39

Prisons were originally created to serve what purpose?

A) mental illness
B) rehabilitation
C) punishment
D) religious ritual

Question 40

Expungement is available primarily to people ______.

A) with felony records
B) with misdemeanor records
C) with no criminal record
D) with a long history of committing crimes

Question 41

State and Federal prisons are short term holding facilities for offenders to transition back to real life.

Question 42

Police are the first entry point and the last exit point of the criminal justice system.

Question 43

The criminal justice system creates a class of citizens that must deal with the stigma of having a criminal record.

Question 44

Indigent people are highly disadvantaged in the criminal justice system.

Question 45

African Americans are stopped by police, receive more citations, and are arrested more than white people.

Question 46

Changes in public morality can lead to changes in law.

Question 47

The weekly turnover rate for jails is over 50%.

Question 48

Black motorists are more likely to have contraband in their vehicles. That is why they are targeted for stops by police.

Question 49

Body-Worn Cameras recordings are treated the same as poly graph tests and cannot be used as evidence in courts.

Question 50

The law can criminalize inaction.

Question 51

Murder is a mala prohibita offense, because as a society it is morally wrong to kill.

Question 52

Community policing is rooted in the idea that police and the community work together in crime prevention.

Question 53

The criminal justice system provides equal access to justice for all.

Question 54

If a person is caught stealing and has to repay the amount stolen, scholars would call this rehabilitate punishment.

Question 55

Penitentiary derives from the word penitence, or to be remorseful.

Question 56

The "Ferguson effect" shows that more crime was committed after a high-profile officer involved shooting.

Question 57

The issuing of warrants for unpaid traffic tickets lead to distrust of the police in Ferguson.

Question 58

By legalizing Marijuana in Washington and Colorado, if you are a citizen of those states in possession of marijuana while physically in another state, you are protected from prosecution.

Question 59

Misdemeanors convictions can result in prison time.

Question 60

A Terry Stop requires knowledge of a crime happening.

Question 61

Collateral consequences can affect family members state of mind and ability to function.

Question 62

Expungement of criminal records is the physical destruction of felony conviction records.

Question 63

John comes from a very wealthy family. He is elected to the Senate and proposes a bill that would allow for housing complexes to set a minimum income for those who can apply to live there. This area has the safest neighborhoods and best schools in the state. If this law is passed only people making $900,000 a year could live in the area. How is John using the law?

Question 64

White-collar crimes receive longer sentences than street crimes.

Question 65

Most people are pushed to plea bargain to avoid costly trials and potential jail times.

Question 66

What are collateral consequences to a criminal conviction?

Question 67

Which is the most powerful component of the criminal justice system: police, prosecution, or courts? Justify your answer.

Question 68

What are the unintended consequences in the "ban-the-box" movement?

Question 69

Certificate of Actual Innocence focuses on arrests records.

Question 70

Digital punishment is when a criminal record is expunged, but notices and files can still be found online.

Question 71

Criminologists question the word "justice" as part of the "criminal justice system." What do criminologists point to for support of their disapproval of the word "justice?"

Question 72

Monk was convicted of embezzling money from a bank. He is applying for a bank teller position. Under the ban the box movement, he should have to disclose his criminal past.

Question 73

What societal problems are created by enforcing a broken windows policing theory?

Question 74

What are the major benefits of body-worn cameras for police?

Question 75

What is the "Ferguson effect"?

Question 76

Why is the two-tiered bail system inherently biased?

Question 77

Criminal records are often a barrier to gaining employment.

Question 78

Expunged records clean up a digital foot print.

Question 79

People can stay in jail for days, weeks, or even months if they cannot afford bail.

Question 80

Luke was arrested for murder. He has the choice to hire a private attorney or get a public defender. Which should Luke choose and why?