Deck 4: Examining Gender Inequalities

Question 1

A researcher interested in studying the difference between incomes of men and women would be focused on the ______.

A) glass ceiling
B) gender wage gap
C) motherhood penalty
D) glass escalator

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Alyssa wants to go into politics when she graduates college. She is currently serving in the National Guard and has volunteered on various political campaigns. She takes note that her superiors in the National Guard are all male. She also notices that all the campaigns on which she has worked, and most all political office holders are overwhelmingly male. Alyssa has observed ______ in the culture.

A) male-dominance
B) male-centeredness
C) male-identification
D) hypermasculinity

Answer 2

A

Question 3

How does male-dominated differ from male-centered?

A) Male-dominated means that the activities of men are emphasized and prioritized, while male-centered is the positive qualities of a culture are male.
B) Male-dominated is the positive qualities of a culture seen as male, while male-centered when most all authority positions are held by men.
C) Male dominated is when most all authority positions are held by men, while male-centered recognizes the positive qualities of a culture as male.
D) Male-dominated is when most all authority positions are held by men, while male-centered emphasizes and prioritizes male activities.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which concept is described as unwanted comments, gestures, and actions forced on a stranger in a public place without their consent and is directed at them because of their sex, gender, gender expression, or sexual orientation?

A) rape culture
B) gender policing
C) street harassment
D) objectification of women

Question 5

The executives at Harris Advertising include 10 men and 2 women. Many times, the men get together and attend sporting events to network and discuss what they are working on. The two women executives are generally overlooked without invitations to these networking events. It is assumed that they would not enjoy the sporting events, and therefore there is no effort made to include them. This is an example of ______.

A) gender wage gap
B) gender binary
C) gender bias
D) gender discrimination

Question 6

Connor is eight years old. He is a sensitive young boy and cries when he is in distress. Classmates tell him that "boys don't cry" and that he needs to be tough. Connor is experiencing gender oppression at the ______ level.

A) individual
B) interactional
C) institutional
D) domination

Question 7

Kate works in finance and is one of only a handful of women in her office. She is repeatedly exposed to offensive remarks and "jokes" about women in general. Many times, the "jokes" and remarks are not just offensive but sexual in nature. Kate is experiencing ______.

A) sexual harassment
B) homosocial reproduction
C) gender culture
D) motherhood penalty

Question 8

Maria is promoted to a supervisory position in her company. She is generally regarded as being aggressive and therefore not liked very much. The other supervisors in the company are just as aggressive as Maria. In fact, they are usually more aggressive with clients than she tends to be. The way that the others see Maria and the other supervisors is an example of ______.

A) gender wage gap
B) gender binary
C) gender bias
D) gender discrimination

Question 9

Anita identifies as a woman, and she was born with two X chromosomes. Due to this, Anita is considered ______.

A) agender
B) transgendered
C) non-binary
D) cis-gendered

Question 10

Which concept describes the institutional barriers within a workplace hierarchy that prevent women from advancement?

A) glass ceiling
B) glass escalator
C) gender wage gap
D) gender policing

Question 11

Tyler plays on his school's football team. He is also a dedicated fan for both the local college team and professional football team. He also enjoys other sports and follows basketball, soccer, and baseball year round. He notices that there are women's teams in these sports as well, but doesn't see the same emphasis put on attending and following those teams. Tyler has noted that the culture is ______.

A) male-dominated
B) male-centered
C) male-identified
D) hypermasculine

Question 12

Which concept is described as the dominant belief system about how gender should be organized and practiced?

A) gender binary
B) gender ideology
C) gender socialization
D) gender policing

Question 13

Anna and Miguel have been friends since grade school. Anna wants to go into business and so she has adopted many personality traits that she thinks will help her such as competitiveness, strength, and bravery. These traits are valued in the overall culture. Miguel would like to become a nurse to help others but his traits of compassion and nurturing are not seen as good characteristics to have if you are male. He is often teased due to these characteristics. This is an example of a ______ culture.

A) male-dominated
B) hypermasculine
C) male-identified
D) male-centered

Question 14

Which concept is described as a social construction that we learn through socialization within a specific culture?

A) gender
B) sex
C) binary
D) intersectionality

Question 15

Amber dresses her new baby in pink. She also encourages her baby to express her feelings whatever they may be. Amber has given her baby a ragdoll to hold onto for comfort as well. This illustrates that Amber is already teaching her child to be feminine through ______.

A) gender socialization
B) gender binary
C) gender ideology
D) gender policing

Question 16

Which term is used to explain how men experience advantages in pay, promotion, and support when entering into female dominated professions?

A) gender policing
B) gender wage gap
C) glass ceiling
D) glass escalator

Question 17

Which concept is described as a form of organization, in which men have higher status than women, providing the foundation for gender inequality?

A) gender policing
B) objectification of women
C) patriarchal culture
D) pornification of culture

Question 18

How is gender ideology related to the gender binary?

A) Gender ideology is cultural while gender binary has to do with the marginalized identities.
B) Gender binary refers to marginalized identities within a cultural gender ideology that is promoted by the dominant government.
C) In the United States and many other cultures, an ideology has been constructed that is gender binary, only two categories of people.
D) In many cultures, the social understanding of gender or gender binary underlies the gender ideology as something that we innately are.

Question 19

Which concept is described as social norms, practices, and social institutions condoning men's objectification of and access to women's bodies?

A) sexual violence
B) rape culture
C) sexual harassment
D) gender policing

Question 20

How is becoming a working parent related to the gender wage gap?

A) Working mothers find that they are in line for more promotions and better pay.
B) Working mothers experience a loss in wages known as the motherhood penalty.
C) Working fathers find that they are allotted more time off than mothers for a new child.
D) Working fathers experience a loss in wages known as the fatherhood penalty.

Question 21

Which concept is described as daily acts of resistance that propel society forward in new and equitable ways?

A) gender culture
B) matrix of domination
C) gender-based activism
D) hypermasculinity

Question 22

A local store is trying to a new pitch to sell more of their ice cream. They are using images of women's lips heavily covered in wet lipstick on the ice cream. There is no facial image, just the lips and product they are selling. This would be an example of ______.

A) street harassment
B) gender socialization
C) sexual harassment
D) pornification of culture

Question 23

Which concept is described as portraying women merely as objects of sexual desire for heterosexual male viewers?

A) objectification of women
B) pornification of culture
C) rape culture
D) gender policing

Question 24

What societal conclusion can be inferred from the fact that more men suffer chronic health problems than women?

A) The stigma of vulnerability underlies men's reluctance to seek help.
B) Sexual objectification underlies men's inability to seek help.
C) Gender socialization teaches men to be more vulnerable leading to higher chronic diseases.
D) Men tend to be more vulnerable and express it due to gender ideology.

Question 25

Katherine's school has enacted a new dress code. The rules state that skirts and shorts need to be a certain length and no sleeveless tops can be worn. The rules have even gone so far as to specifically state that all bra straps must be covered by shirts. The reasoning given for the bra strap rule is that these straps are a distraction to other students. Katherine knows that they mean "male" students. She feels that this is a form of ______.

A) homosocial reproduction
B) body-shaming
C) hypermasculinity
D) motherhood penalty

Question 26

Men are ______ times more likely to die than women in work related incidents.

A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five

Question 27

Which conclusion could be drawn from a society that includes sex-selective abortions of female fetuses?

A) The culture suffers from a large gender wage gap.
B) The culture allows increased objectification of women.
C) The culture is most likely violent.
D) The culture is most likely patriarchal.

Question 28

Priya lives in a society where she is not allowed to go to school or leave her house alone because she is female. She must always be vigilant as her society allows "honor killings" if she is perceived as committing anything against the law. Priya's lives in a ______.

A) patriarchal culture
B) matrix of domination
C) hookup culture
D) feminine culture

Question 29

Ricky is a 30-year-old male who plays many violent video games and has several weapons at his disposal. He has been suffering from depression lately due to the breakup and rejection of his longtime girlfriend. His girlfriend had reported Ricky to the police for domestic violence. Ricky's video games and weapons make him at risk for becoming a shooter, but the history of domestic violence and breakup are further evidence of the ______ putting him risk.

A) objectification of women
B) rape culture
C) gendered nature of the violence
D) pornification of culture

Question 30

Josh has been playing explicit video games. His games include stealing cars and shooting at police. All the women in Josh's video games are exotic dancers or prostitutes. This video game illustrates the ______.

A) pornification of culture
B) street harassment of culture
C) glass escalator
D) homosocial reproduction

Question 31

What is the relationship between pornography and rape?

A) Pornography causes rape culture leading to more women being assaulted.
B) Pornography leads to negative attitudes towards women contributing to rape culture.
C) Pornography leads to a promotion of attitudes about women lessening instances of rape.
D) Pornography leads to a lessening of objectification of women contributing to lower sexual assaults.

Question 32

Rosa takes the subway to work every day. She has a few blocks to walk in order to get to her subway stop. As she walks past the roadwork being done in her neighborhood, she receives whistles and verbal taunts about the way that she looks. Rosa finds this very uncomfortable as she continues on her way to the subway. Rosa is experiencing ______.

A) rape culture
B) street harassment
C) homosocial reproduction
D) digital abuse

Question 33

Lionel's partner has just had a new baby. They are overjoyed at being new parents. Fortunately for Lionel, his company offers paternity leave so that he can be home with his new family. Lionel, while wanting to take the full 4 weeks, only takes one week of leave to be with his new child. Lionel fears ______.

A) a promotion if he takes the full leave
B) the stigma of victimization by taking the full leave
C) the matrix of domination with the full leave
D) a social backlash if he takes the full leave

Question 34

Jamal is always being told that a "real man" does not cry. When he does express his emotions, his friends call him derogatory names. They also tell him to "man-up." The language that Jamal's friends use is an example of ______.

A) homosocial reproduction
B) gender policing
C) body-shaming
D) gender binary

Question 35

Kayla is a college sophomore. She runs track for her school. Lately, she has noticed that the men on the track team have more tutors, larger locker rooms, and even a sauna available to them. The women on the track team do not have these advantages. Kayla decides to go talk to someone on her campus about this issue. She chooses to go to the ______.

A) Title IX office
B) Lily Ledbetter office
C) Culture Reframed office
D) LGBTQ Center

Question 36

Julia has recently broken up with her partner. Even though it seemed like an amicable split, she has noticed that he has been following her on campus. He has started constantly texting her to see where she is. She has even found him waiting outside of her classes as she leaves. All of this behavior has begun to scare Julia. She decides to report him for stalking. Julia knows that she has recourse for this behavior because of the ______.

A) Equal Pay Act
B) Violence Against Women Act
C) Lily Ledbetter Act
D) Title IX Act

Question 37

What evidence can be found for social policy change in the wage gap?

A) The Ban Bossy campaign
B) #MeToo movement
C) Title IX
D) Lilly Ledbetter Act

Question 38

Jeremy has been feeling very sad and listless lately. He knows that he should tell someone but does not want to be labeled in a negative way. He decides to just keep going on in silence and hope that he will feel better soon. Jeremy is suffering from ______.

A) gender-based activism
B) cyber harassment
C) the stigma of vulnerability
D) gender discrimination

Question 39

Olivia is a member of a gaming community. She is particularly skilled at computer technology and gaming in particular. Sometimes, Olivia finds herself the victim of sexual comments and trolling in the discussion rooms or even the game itself. Olivia is experiencing ______.

A) street harassment
B) gender-based activism
C) cyber harassment
D) gender non-conformity

Question 40

Which concept is described as the enforcement of culturally accepted gender norms?

A) gender binary
B) gender ideology
C) gender non-conformity
D) gender policing

Question 41

Highest paid occupations have the lowest wage gaps between men and women while the lowest paid occupations have the highest wage gaps.

Question 42

A male-centered culture emphasizes the activities of men.

Question 43

Digital abuse takes place within the confines of intimate partner violence and not other forums.

Question 44

All people can experience gender discrimination.

Question 45

The glass escalator effect has intersectional dimensions beyond gender.

Question 46

Gender inequality happens on many different levels.

Question 47

The way that culture constructs the labor market by gender is a fixed entity.

Question 48

The majority of rape victims know the perpetrator.

Question 49

Culture undervalues traits such as strength, bravery, and aggression in a male-identified culture.

Question 50

Men outnumber women in the top ten jobs considered the riskiest with high work-related fatalities.

Question 51

The "hookup culture" has led to less sexual aggression on college campuses.

Question 52

Boys and men do not suffer from gender inequalities.

Question 53

"Mankind" and "freshman" are gender neutral terms.

Question 54

Gender socialization is taught through families, sports, media, education, and religion among other avenues.

Question 55

The number of women who have a college degree has more than tripled from 1970 to 2017.

Question 56

Sex and gender represent the same concept.

Question 57

Before 1920, women had the right to vote in most states.

Question 58

It is estimated that one in three women worldwide will experience sexual or physical violence.

Question 59

An example of patriarchal culture is when men hold almost all the positions of authority.

Question 60

Individual socialization of gender does not influence choice of careers.

Question 61

What evidence can you find that gender-based activism has become intersectional?

Question 62

Men's involvement in gender-based activism has decreased since the mid-2000s.

Question 63

What evidence would you use to categorize gender as a social construct?

Question 64

How is intersectionality related to the social construct of gender?

Question 65

Sexual objectification of women in advertising is the same among all cultures.

Question 66

Daily acts of resistance, such as breastfeeding at work, aid in pushing us forward to more equitable ways of living.

Question 67

Almost all mass shooters are men or boys.

Question 68

Vulnerability is seen as weakness in males socialized in the dominant narrative of manhood.

Question 69

School dress codes prevent against body-shaming.

Question 70

How is the sexual objectification of women related to mental health?

Question 71

What are the different signs that lead to the identification of a patriarchal culture?

Question 72

Men are important allies in the fight for gender equality.

Question 73

How would you classify the term "man-up?"

Question 74

What inference can you make as to the understanding that the wage gap is smaller between Hispanic and Black men and women than between White and Asian men and women?

Question 75

What are some of the different agents of the socialization of gender?

Question 76

Higher rates of gender equality are associated with marital discord and weakening economies.

Question 77

Gender based activism takes place only at the policy level of government.

Question 78

What are the risk factors for sexual assault on college campuses?

Question 79

Acts of mass violence are tied to our culture's construction of masculinity and manhood.

Question 80

How is parenthood related to the gender wage gap?