Deck 1: Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Question 1

Which of the following is not true of a hypothesis?

A) It is a tentative idea or explanation that cannot be disproved by an experiment.
B) It is a tentative idea or explanation that cannot be proven by an experiment.
C) It is a tentative idea that can either be proven or disproved by an experiment.
D) It is a belief that is not based on facts and is asserted without any proof.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is a chemical property of gold?

A) characteristic color
B) electrical conductivity
C) lack of reactivity
D) None; they are all physical properties.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is synonymous with "fact"?

A) a hypothesis
B) an observation that is reproducible
C) an observation that is not reproducible
D) none of these

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is a chemical property of water?

A) Water vapor has no definite volume.
B) Water has a density of 1000 kg/m³.
C) Water reacts violently with potassium.
D) Ice floats in water.

Question 5

During its orbit, the Earth's minimum distance from the sun is approximately 148 million kilometers. Which of the following correctly represents this number in scientific notation?

A) 1.48 × 10⁵
B) 1.48 × 10⁶
C) 1.48 × 10⁷
D) 1.48 × 10⁸

Question 6

Nanoparticles have an approximate length of 0.1 × 10^-10 meters. Which of the following is the correct way to write this in conventional notation?

A) 0.00000000001 m
B) 0.000000001 m
C) 10,000,000 m
D) 1,000,000,000 m

Question 7

Which of the following represents a physical change?

A) burning of fuel oil
B) melting of ice
C) both burning of fuel oil and melting of ice
D) neither burning of fuel oil or melting of ice

Question 8

Which of the following is the largest number?

A) 3 × 10^-2
B) 5 × 10 ⁴
C) 3 × 10 ³
D) 3.5 × 10^-6

Question 9

Which of the following represents a physical change?

A) boiling of water
B) decomposition of a dead organism
C) both boiling of water and decomposition of a dead organism
D) neither boiling of water or decomposition of a dead organism

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of matter?

A) the light of a flame
B) the sound of thunder
C) the air you breathe
D) None of these are matter.

Question 11

The area of Russia is approximately 17.1 million square miles. Which of the following correctly represents this number in scientific notation?

A) 1.71 × 10⁵
B) 1.71 × 10⁶
C) 1.71 × 10⁷
D) 1.71 × 10⁸

Question 12

Which of the following is not a chemical change?

A) rusting of an iron statue
B) burning of paper
C) curdling of milk
D) evaporation of river water

Question 13

Sometimes, the same word can have different meanings. In the United States the word billion means "a thousand million" but in Britain the word billion means "a million million." Which of the following corresponds to the "British billion"?

A) 1 × 10^-9
B) 1 × 10^-6
C) 1 × 10⁹
D) 1 × 10¹²

Question 14

The land surface area of the earth is approximately 1.49 × 10⁸ km². Which of the following is the correct way to write this in conventional notation?

A) 0.00000000149 km²
B) 149,000,000 km²
C) 14,900,000,000 km²
D) none of these

Question 15

Which of the following is not a physical property of copper?

A) characteristic color
B) density
C) electrical conductivity
D) tarnishing of copper

Question 16

The population of the Earth at the end of 2018 was approximately 7.7 × 10⁹ people. Which of the following is the correct way of representing this number?

A) 7,700,000,000 people
B) 77,000,000,000 people
C) 77,000,000,000,000 people
D) none of these

Question 17

Which of the following is not an example of matter?

A) the air in your lungs
B) the blood in your arteries
C) the sunlight coming through the window
D) None; all of these are matter.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

A) It is just one of many ways of looking at things.
B) It is a point of view that cannot be challenged.
C) It is a widely accepted explanation of some phenomenon supported by a large amount of experimental data and is therefore definitely correct.
D) It is a widely accepted explanation of some phenomenon supported by a large amount of experimental data, but it can be shown to be incorrect by a single experiment that yields results that contradict it.

Question 19

Which of the following represents a physical change?

A) stretching of a silver wire
B) tarnishing of silver
C) both stretching of a silver wire and tarnishing of silver
D) neither stretching of a silver wire and tarnishing of silver

Question 20

In one second, light travels 2.998 × 10⁸ meters. Which of the following is the correct way to write this in conventional notation?

A) 0.00000002998 m/s
B) 2,998,000 m/s
C) 299,800,000 m/s
D) none of these

Question 21

Given the calculation: 1.987 × 6.02 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 11.96174
B) 11.96
C) 12.0
D) 12

Question 22

Given the calculation: 25.34/5.98 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 4.2375
B) 4.238
C) 4.23
D) 4.24

Question 23

Given the calculation: (12.02 × 10²³)/22.00 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 5.56 × 10^-23
B) 5.55 × 10^-23
C) 5.5 × 10²²
D) 5.464 × 10²²

Question 24

Which of the following is the smallest number?

A) 8 × 10^-3
B) 6 × 10^-4
C) 7 × 10^-5
D) 9 × 10^-6

Question 25

Given the calculation: (2.343 x 10^-24)/(5.23 x 10⁷) = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 1.225 × 10³¹
B) 1.22 × 10³¹
C) 4.48 × 10^-32
D) 4.47 × 10^-32

Question 26

How many millimeters (mm) are there in 1 megameter (Mm)?

A) 1 × 10^-6
B) 1 × 10^-9
C) 1 × 10⁹
D) 1 × 10⁶

Question 27

Given the calculation: 10.44 - 6.778 - 2.1 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 1.55
B) 1.5
C) 1.56
D) 1.6

Question 28

Given the calculation 5.63 + 2.302 - 3.1 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 4.83
B) 4.832
C) 4.9
D) 4.8

Question 29

Which of the following is the correct order of lengths?

A) nm < mm < cm < μm
B) cm < nm < μm < mm
C) nm < μm < cm < m
D) μm < nm < cm < mm

Question 30

Given the calculation: (2.33 × 10⁷) × (6.7 × 10⁵) = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 1.5611 × 10¹³
B) 1.6 × 10¹³
C) 1.56 × 10¹³
D) 2 × 10¹³

Question 31

Given the calculation: 34.343/14.123 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 2.43171
B) 2.4317
C) 2.432
D) 2.43

Question 32

Given the calculation: (3.83 × 10 ^-3) × (7.777 × 10 ⁷) = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 2.98 × 10⁵
B) 2.978 × 10⁵
C) 0.298 × 10⁶
D) 0.2978 × 10⁶

Question 33

Which of the following is the correct order of lengths?

A) mm > cm > m > km
B) cm > km > nm > mm
C) km > cm > mm > μm
D) mm > m > cm > km

Question 34

How many megameters (Mm) are there in 1 millimeter (mm)?

A) 1 × 10^-9
B) 1 × 10^-6
C) 1 × 10⁶
D) 1 × 10⁹

Question 35

How many liters (L) are there in 1 nanoliter (nL)?

A) 1 × 10^-9
B) 1 × 10^-6
C) 1 × 10⁶
D) 1 × 10⁹

Question 36

Given the calculation: 5.63 + 2.302 + 3.1 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 11.032
B) 11.03
C) 11.0
D) 11.1

Question 37

Which metric prefix is commonly abbreviated using a Greek letter?

A) mega
B) micro
C) milli
D) nano

Question 38

Given the calculation: 4.238 × 9.1 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 38.5658
B) 38.57
C) 38.6
D) 39

Question 39

How many nanoliters (nL) are there in 1 liter (L)?

A) 1 × 10^-12
B) 1 × 10^-9
C) 1 × 10⁹
D) 1 × 10¹²

Question 40

Given the calculation: 2.377 + 1.487 + 7.02 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures?

A) 10.884
B) 10.89
C) 10.88
D) 10.9

Question 41

What temperature on the Kelvin scale is the same as normal body temperature 98.6°F?

A) 371.6 K
B) 310.0 K
C) 119.9 K
D) 137.0 K

Question 42

How many centigrams (cg) are there in 1 microgram (μg)?

A) 1 × 10^-6
B) 1 × 10^-4
C) 1 × 10⁴
D) 1 × 10^-2

Question 43

In the SI system of units, the cubic meter (m³) is the basic unit of volume. A volume of 1 m³ is equal to which of the following?

A) 1 L
B) 10 L
C) 100 L
D) 1000 L

Question 44

How many micrograms (μg) are there in 1 centigram (μg)?

A) 1 × 10^-6
B) 1 × 10^-4
C) 1 × 10⁴
D) 1 × 10^-2

Question 45

The standard metric unit of volume, the liter, is equal to which of the following?

A) 1 μm³
B) 10⁹ μm³
C) 10¹⁵ μm³
D) 10⁶ μm³

Question 46

How many microliters (μL) are there in 1 kiloliter (kL)?

A) 1 × 10^-6
B) 1 × 10^-9
C) 1 × 10⁹
D) 1 × 10⁶

Question 47

A decimeter (dm) is 0.1 m. Sometimes, the volume of a liquid is specified in units of cubic decimeters. Which of the following volumes equals 1 cubic decimeter?

A) 1 L
B) 10 L
C) 1 kL
D) 100 L

Question 48

An intern made an error and gave a patient a dose of 60 mg rather than 600 μg of a drug. Which of the following is true?

A) The patient received an overdose by a factor of 100.
B) The patient received an overdose by a factor of 1000.
C) The patient received an underdose by a factor of 100.
D) The patient received an underdose by a factor of 1000.

Question 49

How many micrograms (μg) are there in 1 kilogram (kg)?

A) 1 × 10^-9
B) 1 × 10^-6
C) 1 × 10⁶
D) 1 × 10⁹

Question 50

The lowest temperature recorded on Pluto was -400°F. What is this temperature on the Celsius temperature scale?

A) -273°C
B) -240°C
C) -340°C
D) -288°C

Question 51

How many minutes are there in a 24-hour day? (Assume exactly 24 hours in a day.)

A) 60
B) 1.44 × 10³
C) 3.60 × 10³
D) 8.64 × 10⁴

Question 52

An intern made an error and gave a patient a dose of 600 μg rather than 60 mg of a drug. Which of the following is true?

A) The patient received an overdose by a factor of 100.
B) The patient received an overdose by a factor of 1000.
C) The patient received an underdose by a factor of 100.
D) The patient received an underdose by a factor of 1000.

Question 53

Which of the following is the correct order of masses?

A) cg < mg < Mg <μg
B) cg < Mg < μg < mg
C) μg < mg < cg < Mg
D) μg < Mg < cg < mg

Question 54

How many seconds are there in two 24-hour days? (Assume exactly 24 hours in a day.)

A) 7.20 × 10²
B) 1.73 × 10⁵
C) 2.59 × 10⁶
D) 8.64 × 10⁴

Question 55

Daytime temperatures in a desert can reach 50.0°C. What is this temperature on the Fahrenheit temperature scale?

A) 323.0°F
B) 122.0°F
C) 150°F
D) none of these

Question 56

Which of the following is the correct order of masses?

A) cg > mg > ng >kg
B) cg > ng > kg > mg
C) kg > cg > mg > ng
D) mg > cg > ng > kg

Question 57

How many kiloliters (kL) are there in 1 microliter (μL)?

A) 1 × 10^-6
B) 1 × 10^-9
C) 1 × 10⁹
D) 1 × 10⁶

Question 58

How many kilograms (kg) are there in 1 microgram (μg)?

A) 1 × 10^-6
B) 1 × 10^-9
C) 1 × 10⁹
D) 1 × 10⁶

Question 59

How many minutes are in a 365-day year? (Assume exactly 24 hours in a day.)

A) 8.760 × 10³
B) 2.190 × 10⁴
C) 5.256 × 10⁵
D) 3.154 × 10⁷

Question 60

In the SI system of units, the basic unit of volume is the cubic meter (m³). The cubic meter is equal to which of the following?

A) 10^-9 nL
B) 10⁹ nL
C) 10¹² nL
D) 10²⁷ nL

Question 61

The 20,000-meter run is a long-distance Olympic race. What is the approximate length of this run in feet? Round off your answer to three significant figures. [1 meter is equal 39.37 inches]

A) 6.09 × 10⁴ ft
B) 6.562 × 10⁴ ft
C) 6.6 × 10⁴ ft
D) 6.56 × 10⁴ ft

Question 62

What is the metric length of the 200-yard dash? [1 inch = 2.54 cm (exactly)]

A) 1830 cm
B) 508 cm
C) 183 m
D) 508 m

Question 63

The area of Europe is 1.05 × 10⁷ km². Which of the following shapes has an area most nearly equal to the area of Europe? [1 mile = 1.609 km]

A) a rectangle 2,000 miles by 1,000 miles
B) a rectangle 2,000 miles by 1,500 miles
C) a square 2,000 miles on a side
D) none of these

Question 64

An object weighs 70.7 kg. What is the weight of this object in the English system? [1 pound = 453.6 grams]

A) 32.07 pounds
B) 155.86 pounds
C) 1.56 pounds
D) 524.3 pounds

Question 65

The boiling point of liquid oxygen is 90.2 K. What is this temperature on the Celsius scale?

A) 363.2°C
B) 171°C
C) 25°C
D) -182.8°C

Question 66

A 100-mL beaker is a common piece of laboratory glassware. What is this volume in the English system of units? [1 quart = 0.946; 1 liter = 32 fl oz]

A) 0.13 fl oz
B) 33.8 qt
C) 3.38 fl oz
D) 1.3 qt

Question 67

At what temperature do the temperatures on the Celsius and Kelvin scales have the same numerical value?

A) -40
B) 0
C) 32
D) at no value

Question 68

If you went to a cheese shop in Edam, Holland and wanted to buy approximately 2 pounds of Edam cheese, which of the following would you ask for?

A) 90 g
B) 0.91 kg
C) 0.45 kg
D) 9.1 kg

Question 69

A studio apartment in Paris has an area of 81.0 square meters. A New York apartment with which of the following areas has the roughly the same area as the Paris apartment? [1 meter = 1.094 yards]

A) 900 square feet
B) 886 square feet
C) 775 square feet
D) 872 square feet

Question 70

A Frenchman in New York wants to buy approximately 3 kg of potatoes. How much cheese should he ask for? [1 pound = 453.6 grams]

A) 4 1/4 lb
B) 7 1/2 lb
C) 6.6 lb
D) 6.0 lb

Question 71

What Celsius temperature is the same as 86.0°F?

A) 30.0°C
B) 186.8°C
C) 76.6°C
D) none of these

Question 72

If a 1.000 L bottle of champagne cost 134 Euros and the exchange rate is 1 Euro = $1.33 (US), what is the cost in dollars for 8.000 fluid ounces of this champagne? [1 fluid ounce = 29.57 mL]

A) $5.26
B) $42.15
C) $47.09
D) $81.31

Question 73

The length of an American football field is 250 yards. What is the approximate length of this field in meters? [1 meter is slightly longer than 39 inches]

A) 2.286 km
B) 9.75 km
C) 228.6 m
D) 9.75 m

Question 74

If gasoline costs $3.79 per gallon, what is its cost per liter? [1 quart = 0.946 liter]

A) 1.00 ȼ
B) 100 ȼ
C) 379 ȼ
D) 739 ȼ

Question 75

A particular model of hybrid car can travel 53.0 miles/gallon of gas. What is this fuel efficiency expressed in the metric system? [1 quart = 0.946 liter; 1 mile = 1.609 km]

A) 8.71 km/liter
B) 20.2 km/liter
C) 22.5 km/liter
D) 90 km/liter

Question 76

A certain automobile has an 15-gallon gas tank. What is the volume of this tank in liters? [1 gallon = 4 quarts; 1 quart = 0.946 liter]

A) 5.7 L
B) 60 L
C) 57 L
D) 60.95 L

Question 77

At what temperature do the temperatures on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales have the same numerical value?

A) -40
B) 0
C) 32
D) at no value

Question 78

What is the mass of a half-pound hamburger in the metric system? [1 pound = 453.6 grams]

A) 227 mg
B) 227 g
C) 0.5 kg
D) 0.7814 kg

Question 79

In Europe, the areas of apartments are typically listed in square meters (m²). If the area of an American apartment is 1.6 × 10³ ft², a Paris apartment with which of the following areas has roughly the same area as the New York apartment? [1 meter = 1.094 yards]

A) 120 m²
B) 178 m²
C) 149 m²
D) 160 m²

Question 80

The boiling point of methanol is 65°C. What is this temperature on the Fahrenheit scale?

A) 158°F
B) 132°F
C) 149°F
D) 179°F