Deck 51: Principles of Pharmacology

Question 1

Which of the following are examples of plant-derived drugs?

A) Potassium chloride and mineral oil
B) Thyroid hormone and insulin
C) Digitoxin and quinine
D) Cephalosporin and penicillin
E) Pancreatin and pepsin

Answer 1

Digitoxin and quinine

Question 2

Which drug is derived from a mineral source?

A) Penicillin
B) Quinine
C) Cod-liver oil
D) Digitoxin
E) Potassium chloride

Answer 2

Potassium chloride

Question 3

Most drugs are metabolized in the ____.

A) brain
B) muscles
C) nerve cells
D) stomach
E) liver

Answer 3

liver

Question 4

The study of what drugs do to the body is ____.

A) pharmacodynamics
B) pharmacognosy
C) pharmacokinetics
D) pharmacotherapeutics
E) toxicology

Question 5

Which of the following is the process of transporting a drug from its administration site to its site of action?

A) Metabolism
B) Distribution
C) Absorption
D) Excretion
E) Administration

Question 6

The study of drugs is called ____.

A) pharmacognosy
B) pharmacology
C) pharmacodynamics
D) pharmacokinetics
E) pharmacotherapeutics

Question 7

Which of the following refers to the interaction between the drug and target cells or tissues and the body's response to that?

A) Pharmacognosy
B) Pharmacodynamics
C) Pharmacokinetics
D) Pharmacotherapeutics
E) Toxicology

Question 8

Which of the following refers to the study of characteristics of natural drugs and their sources?

A) Pharmacodynamics
B) Pharmacotherapeutics
C) Pharmacognosy
D) Pharmacokinetics
E) Toxicology

Question 9

Which of the following describes the manner in which a drug is eliminated from the body?

A) Distribution
B) Metabolism
C) Absorption
D) Excretion
E) Administration

Question 10

Which of the following are drugs derived from animal substances?

A) Thyroid hormone and insulin
B) Potassium chloride and mineral oil
C) Cephalosporin and penicillin
D) Digitoxin and quinine
E) Ibuprofen and aspirin

Question 11

Drugs injected intradermally are absorbed through the ____.

A) stomach or intestines
B) skin
C) muscle
D) vein
E) mucous membranes

Question 12

How the body absorbs, metabolizes, distributes, and excretes a drug is ____.

A) pharmacokinetics
B) pharmacodynamics
C) pharmacognosy
D) pharmacotherapeutics
E) toxicology

Question 13

Which area of pharmacology is also called clinical pharmacology?

A) Pharmacognosy
B) Pharmacodynamics
C) Pharmacokinetics
D) Pharmacotherapeutics
E) Toxicology

Question 14

Which of the following is the process of converting a drug from its dose form, such as a tablet or capsule, into a form the body can use?

A) Metabolism
B) Excretion
C) Elimination
D) Absorption
E) Administration

Question 15

The study of what the body does to a drug is called ____.

A) pharmacotherapeutics
B) pharmacodynamics
C) pharmacokinetics
D) pharmacognosy
E) toxicology

Question 16

Which of the following is the study of how drugs are used to treat disease?

A) Pharmacodynamics
B) Pharmacokinetics
C) Pharmacognosy
D) Pharmacotherapeutics
E) Toxicology

Question 17

Drugs that are administered intramuscularly are absorbed through the ____.

A) skin
B) muscle
C) stomach
D) intestine
E) mucous membranes

Question 18

Which of the following drugs are made from bacteria and fungi?

A) Cephalosporins and penicillins
B) Digitoxin and quinine
C) Pancreatin and pepsin
D) Potassium chloride and mineral oil
E) Insulin and thyroid hormones

Question 19

The process by which drug molecules are transformed into simpler products is called ____.

A) metabolism
B) absorption
C) distribution
D) excretion
E) administration

Question 20

Which of the following is the study of poisons or the poisonous effects of drugs?

A) Pharmacodynamics
B) Pharmacognosy
C) Pharmacokinetics
D) Pharmacotherapeutics
E) Toxicology

Question 21

A drug is prescribed to improve a life-threatening or serious condition, as with epinephrine for severe allergic reaction, in which type of drug therapy?

A) Supplemental
B) Empiric
C) Replacement
D) Acute
E) Palliative

Question 22

The category of pharmacologic activity for amoxicillin is ____.

A) vasodilator
B) antibiotic
C) antihistamine
D) diuretic
E) hemostatic

Question 23

Tums and Prevacid are examples of ____.

A) anticonvulsants
B) antacids
C) antipyretics
D) antibiotics
E) anticoagulants

Question 24

Which of the following is considered a drug's official name?

A) Generic name
B) Trade name
C) International nonproprietary name
D) Chemical name
E) Brand name

Question 25

Which drug category normalizes the heartbeat in certain cases of cardiac arrhythmias?

A) Expectorant
B) Anthelmintic
C) Hemostatic
D) Antiarrhythmic
E) Anticoagulant

Question 26

Mr. Brennan is an 87-year-old patient who has stomach cancer that has metastasized (spread) to his liver and pancreas. The cancer is not considered curable, but he is in a considerable amount of pain. Which type of drug therapy would be considered for Mr. Brennan?

A) Palliative
B) Empiric
C) Acute
D) Maintenance
E) Supportive

Question 27

The category of pharmacologic activity for furosemide is ____.

A) analgesic
B) bronchodilator
C) hypnotic
D) diuretic
E) anticonvulsant

Question 28

Which of the following is the action of an anesthetic?

A) It prevents the blood from clotting.
B) It relieves or controls seizures.
C) It neutralizes stomach acid.
D) It prevents the sensation of pain.
E) It relieves mild to severe pain.

Question 29

Which of the following drugs are examples of anticoagulants?

A) Lovenox, heparin sodium, and Coumadin
B) Afrin, Neo-Synephrine, and Sudafed
C) Proventil, Epinephrine Mist, and Isuprel
D) Kaopectate, Imodium, and Paregoric
E) Norpace, Inderal, and Rythmol

Question 30

Examples of analgesics are ____.

A) Ceclor, E-Mycin, Pen Vee K, and Vancocin
B) Tylenol, aspirin, MS Contin, and Percocet
C) Chlor-Trimeton, Benadryl, Claritin, and Seldane
D) Advil, Naprosyn, Decadron, and Deltasone
E) Benzedrine, caffeine, and Neo-Synephrine

Question 31

Which of the following pertains to the length of time between dosing and the availability of a drug in the bloodstream?

A) Absorption
B) Excretion
C) Metabolism
D) Distribution
E) Administration

Question 32

Which drug name is selected by its manufacturer, is protected by copyright, and is the property of the manufacturer?

A) Trade name
B) Generic name
C) Chemical name
D) Nonproprietary name
E) International nonproprietary name

Question 33

The action of an analgesic is to ____.

A) relieve mild to severe pain
B) relieve diarrhea
C) reduce inflammation
D) relax skeletal muscles
E) relieve allergy symptoms

Question 34

The action of an antacid is to ____.

A) block parasympathetic nerve impulses
B) kill, paralyze, or inhibit the growth of parasitic worms
C) neutralize the stomach acid
D) reduce blood pressure
E) normalize the heartbeat

Question 35

Which of the following is the action of a diuretic?

A) Replaces a hormone deficiency
B) Induces sleep or relaxation
C) Increases urinary output and reduces blood pressure
D) Relieves nasal swelling and congestion
E) Relaxes skeletal muscles

Question 36

Which of the following is the action of an antiemetic?

A) Counteracts the effects of histamine
B) Controls psychotic symptoms
C) Prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting
D) Inhibits the growth of microorganisms
E) Induces defecation

Question 37

A drug is prescribed to prevent a disease or condition, as with immunizations or birth control drugs, in which of the following types of drug therapies?

A) Supportive
B) Prophylactic
C) Empiric
D) Maintenance
E) Palliative

Question 38

When a manufacturer produces a new drug, no other manufacturer can make or sell the drug for ____ years.

A) 2
B) 8
C) 12
D) 17
E) 20

Question 39

Another name for the trade name of a drug is the ____.

A) chemical name
B) brand or proprietary name
C) generic name
D) international nonproprietary name

Question 40

Which of the following is the purpose or reason for using a drug?

A) Efficacy
B) Dose
C) Indication
D) Labeling
E) Contraindication

Question 41

Drugs that have the lowest abuse potential belong to which schedule of controlled substances?

A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Schedule IV
E) Schedule V

Question 42

Which drugs belong to the drug category of diuretics?

A) Compazine, Dramamine, and Tigan
B) Tenormin, Cardura, and Aldomet
C) Bumex, Lasix, and mannitol
D) Afrin, Neo-Synephrine, and Sudafed
E) Dulcolax and Peri-Colace

Question 43

Which part of the prescription contains patient instructions?

A) Inscription
B) Transcription
C) Subscription
D) Medication prescribed
E) Patient information

Question 44

Which of the following is not a reason a patient may complain that a newly prescribed drug is not doing what the doctor told her it would?

A) The dosage may need to be changed.
B) The patient is not taking the medication as prescribed.
C) The drug has reached therapeutic level.
D) The wrong drug was dispensed.
E) The drug is working, but the patient does not understand how it works.

Question 45

The action of antihypertensive drugs is to ____.

A) reduce blood pressure
B) kill or inhibit the growth of fungi
C) reduce inflammation
D) reduce fever
E) block parasympathetic nerve impulses

Question 46

Which of the following present(s) information from drug package inserts on more than 2500 prescription drugs?

A) Drug Evaluations
B) American Hospital Formulary Service
C) Physicians' Desk Reference
D) United States Pharmacopeia/National Formulary
E) Epocrates

Question 47

Which schedule of controlled substances contains drugs that have the highest abuse potential?

A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Schedule IV
E) Schedule V

Question 48

Which schedule of controlled substances contains drugs that have a high potential for physical or psychological dependence, but do have therapeutic uses, for which they require prescriptions?

A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Schedule IV
E) Schedule V

Question 49

Antitussives and antidiarrheals that contain small amounts of opioids, such as codeine, belong to which schedule of controlled substances?

A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Schedule IV
E) Schedule V

Question 50

Serena is a 26-year-old patient who has been suffering migraine headaches so severe that she has had to miss a substantial amount of work lately. Missing work has increased her stress level, which makes the migraines occur even more frequently. She explains that she would rather suffer the pain than take medication for the migraines, because the medications make her groggy and really do not do much for the pain anyway. Which of the following nonpharmacologic pain management techniques might Serena consider?

A) Massage therapy
B) Chiropractic adjustment
C) Yoga
D) Hypnotism
E) Glucosamine chondroitin

Question 51

Johnny is a 9-year-old patient who has an upper respiratory infection. He is coughing, sneezing, and has a temperature of 102.4 $\degree$ F. One of the medications the physician suggested for Johnny is over-the-counter Children's Benadryl. To what category does Benadryl belong, and which symptoms will it ease?

A) Antitussive; inhibits the cough reflex
B) Cathartic; induces defecation
C) Antipyretic; reduces fever
D) Expectorant; liquefies mucus in the bronchi.
E) Antihistamine; relieves sneezing

Question 52

Which of the following drugs are Schedule II substances?

A) Heroin and marijuana
B) Didrex and Butisol
C) Talwin and Valium
D) Xanax and Librium
E) Demerol and morphine

Question 53

Which of the following is the proper way to dispose of outdated, noncontrolled drugs?

A) Use a disposal company that destroys biohazardous waste
B) Complete DEA Form 41 and contact the DEA for instructions
C) Throw them in the trash
D) Flush them down the toilet
E) Give them back to the pharmaceutical representative

Question 54

Which of the following approves and regulates the manufacture and distribution of drugs?

A) OSHA
B) PDR
C) USDA
D) FDA
E) CDC

Question 55

Arlene needs to have a cyst removed from her left ovary. The physician explains that general anesthesia is usually used, but Arlene is afraid. Her sister once had a bad reaction to an anesthetic, and Arlene thinks the same thing could happen to her. Which of the following nonpharmacologic methods of pain management might be used for her surgery?

A) Hypnotism
B) Massage therapy
C) Acupuncture
D) Meditation
E) Magnetic therapy

Question 56

Which of the following is the official source of drug standards in the United States and is published every five years?

A) Drug Evaluations
B) United States Pharmacopeia/National Formulary
C) American Hospital Formulary Service
D) Physicians' Desk Reference
E) Epocrates

Question 57

Tomas is an overweight, 46-year-old patient who has just been diagnosed with high blood pressure. In addition to providing Tomas with educational material about diet and weight loss, which of the following categories of drugs might the physician prescribe for Tomas?

A) Antihypertensive
B) Diuretic
C) Antipyretic
D) Hemostatic
E) Stimulant

Question 58

Examples of drugs that belong to the drug category of cathartics are ____.

A) Benadryl and Claritin
B) Dulcolax and Milk of Magnesia
C) Mellaril and Haldol
D) Decadron, Deltasone, and Naprosyn
E) Cartia XL, Prinivil, and Toprol

Question 59

Which of the following drugs are Schedule III substances?

A) Valium, Talwin, and Ambien
B) Talbutal, Paregoric, and Tylenol 3
C) Heroin, marijuana, and LSD
D) Demerol, morphine, and Seconal
E) Lomotil, Kaolin, and Robitussin AC

Question 60

Which part of a prescription includes the name of the drug and the amount?

A) Inscription
B) Signa
C) Subscription
D) Transcription
E) Prescriber information

Question 61

The study of what the body does to drugs is ________.

Question 62

The process of transporting a drug from its administration site to its site of action is called _______; this term also pertains to the length of time between dosing and availability in the bloodstream.

Question 63

The ________ of a medication is the size, frequency, and number of doses or duration of therapy.

Question 64

The manner in which a drug is eliminated from the body is called elimination or ________.

Question 65

A physician's written order to authorize the dispensing and sometimes the administering of drugs to a patient is a(n) ________.

Question 66

The study of characteristics of natural drugs and their sources is ________.

Question 67

Because of the potential for abuse, you must follow correct procedures for disposal of ________ substances.

Question 68

The study or science of drugs is called ________.

Question 69

A(n) ________ is a purpose or reason for using a drug.

Question 70

The therapeutic value of a medication is called its ________.

Question 71

The popular term for an opioid is ________.

Question 72

The process of converting a drug from its dose form, such as a tablet or capsule, into a form the body can use is called ________.

Question 73

The study of what drugs do to the body is _______.

Question 74

The ________ name is the official name of a drug.

Question 75

The FDA must approve indications before they can become part of a drug's ________, which includes the form of the drug, such as tablet or liquid.

Question 76

The study of how drugs are used to treat disease is ________.

Question 77

The study of poisons or poisonous effects of drugs is ________.

Question 78

A healthcare professional ________ a drug by distributing it, in a properly labeled container, to a patient who is to use it.

Question 79

To ________ a drug is to give it directly by injection, by mouth, or by any other route that introduces the drug into a patient's body.

Question 80

A natural or synthetic drug that produces opium-like effects, such as codeine, morphine, and meperidine (Demerol) is a(n) ________.